BACKGROUND: Blastomyces dermatitidis is a dimorphic fungus; its usual port of entry is the lung. Although any organ system can be secondarily involved, non-pulmonary sites of primary infection have been reported. CASE: This is the first reported case of primary isolated splenic B dermatitidis. The diagnostic value of fine needle ...

It is well documented that the severe hereditary disorder alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency (alpha 1ATD) PiZZ is a strong risk factor for emphysema, especially among smokers, but the role of intermediate alpha 1ATD PiMZ and PiSZ in the development of emphysema remains uncertain. In this study, we have evaluated mortality and ...

A case of intra-abdominal pulmonary sequestration associated with histological features of congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation (CCAM) of the lung is reported. The lesion consisted of a Stocker type II CCAM in which numerous striated muscle cells were present. A review of the literature of this rare combination of congenital pulmonary ...

The human infection with Dirofilaria immitis, was reported for the first time in 1964 from a subcutaneous case, and in 1968 from a pulmonary case in Japan. Since that time, a total of human D. immitis cases amounted to 120 cases up to the first half of 1995. Among these, ...

BACKGROUND: Cholesterol crystal embolization (CCE) has been documented to affect nearly every organ system. However, CCE involving the lung is distinctly uncommon and has been documented only in the setting of an aortocaval fistula. DESIGN: A case at the Massachusetts General Hospital and a MEDLINE search of English-language medical articles ...

We present the clinical course of a pregnant woman in septic shock. While we were managing this case, an elevated pulmonary capillary wedge pressure was found, expressing left ventricular dysfunction. Therefore we question the widely accepted and recommended practice of loading the pregnant women in septic shock with 1 to ...

We describe three cases of adiaspiromycosis with acute clinical manifestations and diffuse lung lesions. Sixteen previously reported similar cases are also reviewed. The best designation for this syndrome is acute pulmonary adiaspiromycosis.

We have experienced an autopsy case of a 20-year-old woman with bronchiolitis obliterans, pemphigus vulgaris, and Castleman's disease. The affected bronchioles showed almost the same histology as previously described. But, the number of the lesions seemed too small to cause her death of respiratory insufficiency. We also wondered whether or ...

OBJECTIVE: To find out the late pulmonary sequelae of sulfur mustard gas inhalation in 197 veterans, 10 years after their exposure. DESIGN: Cross-sectional clinical study. SETTING: University hospital. PATIENTS: One hundred ninety-seven veterans with a single, heavy exposure to sulfur mustard gas in 1986 and 86 nonexposed veterans as their ...

In this study we have compared clinical data obtained from 40 reported cases of pulmonary Aspergillus niger intracavitary colonization in the literature and those of our series 23 cases. Additionaly six of our cases have been summarized. Our findings revealed a similar occurrence of male sex, active tuberculosis, diabetes mellitus, ...

STUDY OBJECTIVES: Pulmonary barotrauma (PBT) of ascent is a feared complication in compressed air diving. Although certain respiratory conditions are thought to increase the risk of suffering PBT and thus should preclude diving, in most cases of PBT, risk factors are described as not being present. The purpose of our ...

Pulmonary emphysema is very uncommon in children in the first decade of life. The few cases documented in the literature were all due to alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency. We present the case of a 6-year-old white boy with chronic cough and dyspnea on exertion. Lung biopsy showed panacinar type emphysema with patent ...

Pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis (PAM) is a rare disease of unknown etiology, characterized by the presence of calcific concretions in the alveolar spaces. A familial occurrence is frequently found so that an inherited trait is thought to be involved. The chest X-ray is characterized by a 'sandstrom' picture while the clinical ...

The CHARGE association is a multisystem syndrome, with a wide range of phenotypic expression, causing mortality, especially in childhood. We performed a hospital audit, in order to quantify the pulmonary implications, in 28 boys and 19 girls aged 0.02-23 yrs, with a definite diagnosis of CHARGE. A review of the ...

We conducted a retrospective analysis of maternal deaths in our hospital from January 1992 to December 1995. Cases of fatal pulmonary embolism were identified and analysed with respect to their past history, antenatal and peripartum progress, clinical presentation and investigation. There were 7 maternal deaths during this period and autopsies ...

Ten cases of benign primary pulmonary meningioma have been reported in the English literature. We describe herein an additional case of a benign meningioma arising in the lung showing comparable histologic features of sheets and whorls of epithelioid and meningothelial cells with numerous psammoma bodies. Immunohistochemistry showed that the tumor ...

Pulmonary sequestration is an uncommon congenital anomaly usually diagnosed in childhood. It frequently presents as a lower lobe mass with symptoms from vascular shunting, anatomic impingements, or associated anatomic defects. This case report describes an adult with asymptomatic extralobar sequestration involving the mediastinum and left upper lobe. The unusual location ...

This report presents a case of angiogram-confirmed pulmonary emboli (PE) from upper extremity deep venous thrombosis (UE DVT) in a patient with Guillain-Barré syndrome. UE DVT has been rarely reported in the rehabilitation literature and it is not described in many standard references in the field. Risk factors for UE ...

An increased incidence of fungal pneumonias has been clearly seen in recent years, despite the lack of epidemiologic data. Pulmonary and extrapulmonary manifestations of blastomycosis, aspergillosis, and histoplasmosis, among others, are reviewed in this paper. The clinical presentation of pulmonary mycosis is influenced by the amount of exposure to the ...

We report the case of a 65 year old immunocompetent man with a listerial pleural effusion. Infection of the pulmonary parenchyma and pleura with listeria monocytogenes has been reported in small numbers of immunocompromised patients but there have been only two previous reports of pulmonary listeria in non-compromised hosts.

A case of disseminated bilateral pulmonary adiaspiromycosis is reported in a two year old Finnish girl. She recovered from this rare infection after treatment with amphotericin B. She is the first human case of adiaspiromycosis in Scandinavia and she is the youngest child with this disease reported so far. Electron ...

Tropical pulmonary eosinophilia (TPE) is an unusual manifestation of filarial infection, most commonly found in South-East Asia and caused by immunologic hyperresponsiveness to Wuchereria bancrofti and Brugia malayi. This report concerns a case of TPE in a 25-year-old Indian male who had been living in Italy for two years and ...

In 97 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB), we analyzed the incidence of atypical roentgenographic locations, roentgenographic patterns, the correlation between the diagnostic yield and the roentgenographic pattern and the usefulness of simple or induced sputum (82 cases), bronchoaspirate (BAS; 29 cases), postfiberoptic bronchoscopy sputum (PFBS; 16 cases) and how the ...

Multiple chondromatous hamartomas are extremely rare and we have not found any bilateral presentation in the literature. We report the case of a 47-year-old woman presenting with a cough, chest pain and dyspnea. Chest x-ray and computed tomography revealed multiple and bilateral pulmonary nodules. A metastatic carcinoma was considered, but ...

OBJECTIVE: To describe a rare case of unilateral hydrothorax occurrence after ovarian stimulation for IVF. DESIGN: Case report. SETTING: A university hospital. PATIENT(S): A 39-year-old female suffering from primary infertility due to a severe male factor. INTERVENTION(S): Thoracocentesis with IV albumin administration for correction of a concomitant hypoalbuminemia. MAIN OUTCOME ...

We report the case of a patient with pelvic endometriosis and recurrent spontaneous pneumothoraces who had thoracotomy and diagnostic laparoscopy, with subsequent acute pulmonary edema. Potential causes are discussed. After a thorough literature search, we believe this to be the first case in which thoracotomy has been combined with diagnostic ...

A previously well 59-year-old man presented with paracoccidioidomycosis, more than 15 years after leaving South America. He failed to respond to conventional therapies, first with oral itraconazole and then with amphotericin B plus sulfadiazine, and eventually died of recurrent arterial emboli possibly due to paracoccidioidomycotic aortitis. This patient's presentation demonstrates ...

Unilateral pulmonary agenesis is extremely rare and the diagnosis can be made by a number of conventional methods. We report two cases: a 16-day-old girl and a 14-year-old girl presenting with tachypnoea in whom three-dimensional reconstruction of helical chest computed tomography was used to demonstrate the complete absence of the ...

We present a case of a patient suffering from acute abdomen with a palpable mass on the left lower quadrant of the abdominal wall. The clinical manifestations and plain abdomen gave the misleading diagnosis of a ventral hernia. A review of the patient history revealed the use of anticoagulants for ...

Pulmonary complications of crack cocaine have been reported mainly from American centres. Crack usage is now on the increase in the UK. Three cases of "crack lung" are reported in patients who acquired the drug from the same source. The pulmonary syndrome they developed was due to an impure form ...

Five case of intestinal cryptosporidiosis with pulmonary involvement in patients with AIDS are reported. The diagnosis was based on the recognition of acid-fast oocysts in sputum or aspirated bronchial material and stool specimens. Coughing and excess secretions were present in all cases. Four patients had other associated pulmonary pathogens: two ...

Two new cases of human pulmonary dirofilariasis, in a 66-year-old woman and a 69-year-old man, respectively, both living in the Po valley, are described. They represent the 7th and 8th cases reported in Italy and seem to be ascribable to Dirofilaria repens, even though the poor state of preservation of ...

Distant metastases due to paraganglioma are a rare occurrence. We report a case of paraganglioma with pulmonary metastases and review the literature on paragangliomas. A 29-year-old female presented with cervical lymphadenopathy, excision biopsy of which confirmed the diagnosis of paraganglioma. She subsequently underwent tumour embolisation and received a course of ...

Hemoptysis is an occasional complication of adult pulmonary disease and is rare in children. The most common causes in adults are infection, bronchiectasis, pulmonary neoplasm, cystic fibrosis, pulmonary infarct, and trauma; in children the most common causes are infection and congenital abnormalities of the cardiopulmonary vasculature. Nine cases of hemoptysis ...

OBJECTIVES: Interstitial lung diseases (ILD) are heterogeneous groups of disorders that involve the interstitium of the lung. Lung biopsy is mandatory in most cases of ILD for diagnosis. In Korea, a few clinical data about ILD were analyzed on the basis of pathologic proof. Thus, we analysed the clinical profiles ...

Lung toxicity associated with 5-aminosalicylate (5-ASA) agents is a rare entity. We report the case of a 32-yr-old woman with ulcerative colitis who developed progressive shortness of breath while taking one of the 5-ASA drugs, oral mesalamine. Bilateral pulmonary infiltrates, peripheral eosinophilia, and histological findings consistent with acute pneumonitis characterized ...

We present the first case of mediastinitis and the third case of pneumonia attributed to Actinomyces odontolyticus. The first patient presented 10 months after single-lung transplant with a subacute apical infiltrate in the native lung and responded to therapy with oral penicillin. The second patient developed pyogenic mediastinitis 25 days ...

Lysinuric protein intolerance (LPI) is a rare autosomal recessive inborn error of metabolism, characterised by defective transport of the cationic amino acids lysine, arginine and ornithine. To date there are few reported necropsy cases. This report describes the necropsy findings in a 21 year old female patient originally diagnosed as ...

Between 1980 and 1994, 244 children (aged 1-15 years) with pulmonary hydatid disease underwent surgery at the Emergency Medical Institute 'N. I. Pirogov', Sofia, Bulgaria. The number of cases/year generally increased with time. Initial diagnosis, based on X-rays, ultrasonography and computed tomography, was confirmed by immunology. Cysts were either found ...

The cases of two children under three years of age with primary pulmonary rhabdomyosarcoma and no associated lung malformations are reported and a review of the literature is presented. In both, complete surgical removal of the tumor was performed and histologic examination revealed embryonal subtype. Flow cytometric assessment showed a ...

Pulmonary capillary hemangiomatosis (PCH), first described by Wagenvoort et al. in 1978, is a rare cause of pulmonary hypertension which occurs predominantly in young adults. In the literature only 18 cases have been reported. In 1988 Langleben et al. proposed a hereditary form of PCH with probable autosomal-recessive transmission. Histologic ...

Anticoagulant therapy can successfully prevent pulmonary embolism and rethrombosis in most cases, but cannot affect either early morbidity or the late post-thrombotic sequelae. In carefully selected cases, early clot removal by thrombolysis or thrombectomy may be justified by improved outcome because of the significant role early and late outflow obstruction ...

Ciliary disorientation has been proposed as a variant of primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD); cilia have normal ultrastructure and normal or near normal ciliary beat frequency (CBF) but lack efficacy because their beat direction is disorientated. We have identified 11 patients, including two siblings, with the clinical features of PCD, who ...

Inhalation of highly hydrosoluble toxicants, like ammonia, can be associated with chronic lung diseases, which have been partially characterized. We present the case of three patients who were evaluated 2 years after massive exposure to ammonia in occupational settings. They presented with chronic dyspnea, and clinical pictures consistent with restrictive ...

Multiple pulmonary chondromatous hamartomas (MPCH) are rare, and MPCH with tracheal involvement have not been, to the best of our knowledge, reported before. Furthermore, there is no agreement in the literature about the origin of these tumours. We report a case of MPCH involving trachea, bronchi and lung parenchyma, incidentally ...

The case of a 12-year-old girl who suffered a severe intracranial bleed secondary to a large arteriovenous malformation (AVM) is described. Following investigation the appropriate treatment was considered to be embolization of the AVM, under general anaesthesia, using N-butyl cyanoacrylate (NBCA). During the procedure acute desaturation and pulmonary oedema occurred ...

A pulmonary mycetoma is a round to oval-shaped mass of fungi situated within a cavity in the lung. Most mycetomas are caused by Aspergillus species. Other fungi have occasionally been reported to cause clinically and roentgenographically similar lesions. We report a case of pulmonary mycetoma caused by Candida albicans. Review ...

We present an unusual observation actinomycosis involving muscles of the back and probably of one thigh in a patient with pulmonary lesions. The patient was alcoholic and a heavy smoker and his teeth were in very poor repair. Opportunity is taken to review the literature on the rare cases of ...

We report eight pediatric cases of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) that illustrate the polymorphic nature of this disease: two cases with severe neonatal onset, three cases with progressive respiratory distress in patients under 1 year old, and three cases in older children with mild symptoms. Consanguineous parents or affected siblings ...

We propose cloudy nodule (CN) on HRCT as a special type of pulmonary adenocarcinoma. CN was defined as a cloudy nodular shadow in the peripheral part of the lung with lower density than pulmonary vessels on HRCT. Radiologic images of nine CNs in eight cases were correlated with the pathological ...