We report three cases of eosinophilic cystitis. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) revealed characteristic bladder wall thickening exceeding 10 mm, with preservation of the mucosal lining and intense, progressive contrast enhancement on sequential arterial and delayed scans. Eosinophilic cystitis might have been associated with eosinophilic infiltration in other organs, such as ...

We present a patient who developed severe lower urinary tract symptoms following resection of a Ta low grade bladder urothelial carcinoma with immediate post-resection instillation of mitomycin-C. Urine cultures were negative. Radiographic imaging demonstrated a bladder mass. On biopsy she was found to have eosinophilic cystitis. We report the clinical ...

Authors experienced intra-root cavernous angioma which is very rare case among cavernous angiomas of cauda equina. Our intra-root cavernous angioma was confirmed by findings from operating field and microscopic examination. We report this case with review of the literature.

Endemic pemphigus foliaceus (EPF) is an autoimmune disease, classically occurring in a restricted geographic area. Foci of EPF have been described in several Central and South American countries, often affecting young people and Amerindians, with some female predilection. Although most American EPF cases have been documented in Brazil, cases have ...

PURPOSE: The value of pathological reinterpretation of tissue slides has long been questioned. At the Cleveland Clinic subspecialization in genitourinary pathology began in 2003 and has been maintained. We evaluate the role of second review on transurethral bladder tumor resection pathology slides before and after subspecialization and potential impact on ...

The objective of this study is to describe the initial use of propranolol as the sole treatment for focal infantile airway hemangiomas, and to report on available literature describing the use of propranolol for airway lesions. This retrospective case series was carried out at a tertiary pediatric medical center. We ...

BACKGROUND: Most bladder tumors are derived from the urothelium. Benign mesenchymal tumors are rare. Leiomyoma of the bladder is the most common benign neoplasm. We present a case of leiomyoma of the bladder presenting with acute urinary retention in a female patient and report on the post-operative change in urodynamic ...

Hemangioblastomas are very highly vascular neoplasm with benign characteristics and; in comparison to cerebellar hemangioblastoma; cases of cystic hemangioblastoma of the brain stem are rare with only a few case reports available in the literature. We report the case of a 43-year-old-female with cystic hemagioblastoma of the brainstem managed successfully ...

Bochdalek hernias (BHs) arise due to congenital diaphragmatic defect and can result in gross displacement of abdominal tissues into the thorax. Although they are uncommon in occurrence, they usually present as serious respiratory distress in infants. In the adult population, they are asymptomatic and only detected incidentally. In this report, ...

Gangrenous cystitis is an extremely rare condition: only a total of 240 cases worldwide have been reported so far. Most of these cases have occurred in the preantibiotic era. After the advent and widespread use of antibiotics in clinical practice, only sporadic cases have been observed. We report a case ...

A 5-year-old female presented with continuous dribbling of urine without any voiding stream since birth. Upon investigations, the bladder neck and both ureters were opening into the vaginalized urogenital sinus and the urethra was absent. Coarctation of the aorta was an associated anomaly. To our knowledge, this is the first ...

Mesenchymal tumors represent a small number of bladder cancer cases. Leiomyosarcoma is the most common histology with over 100 cases reported in the whole literature. This tumor is been historically considered as highly aggressive and showing a poor prognosis. Despite very low survival rates showed in older reports, some authors ...

OBJECTIVES: To describethe occurrence of a cavernous hemangioma of the external auditory meatus extending to the middle ear and the retroauricolar region in an adult patient, and to review the relevant literature. METHODS: Case report. We report the clinical presentation, imaging studies and surgical procedures used in the study. RESULTS: ...

Infantile hemangiomas are common benign vascular tumors of infancy. Although the majority of uncomplicated hemangiomas involute spontaneously, rapid-growth lesions with complications need early active intervention. On the other hand, severe and complicated lesions can be difficult to treat. Recently, we successfully treated two cases of giant severe infantile facial hemangiomas ...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Infantile hemangiomas are the most common benign tumors of infancy and the majority of them occur in the head and neck. Recent literature has described propranolol for the treatment of these vascular tumors. RECENT FINDINGS: Propranolol was serendipitously found to induce early involution in hemangiomas even during ...

Isolated female epispadias without exstrophy is an extremely rare syndrome. The symptoms of female epispadias are primary urinary incontinence and abnormal anatomical features. A 12-year-old girl presented with primary urinary incontinence. On physical examination, bifid clitoris and labia minora were seen. The vagina and hymen were normal. Voiding cystourethrogram showed ...

OBJECTIVES: To perform a comprehensive review and analysis of the clinical characteristics of primary signet-ring cell carcinoma of the bladder cases reported in Japan. Primary signet-ring cell carcinoma of the bladder is a rare condition. To date, the largest case series conducted for this condition includes only 11 cases. METHODS: ...

Cavernous hemangioma is a congenital, benign vascular tumor that occurs in the deep dermis and subcutaneous tissue. Scrotal hemangiomas are rare entities and are usually diagnosed in childhood. Adult scrotal hemangiomas are also extremely rare. They are infrequently encountered in adults because they are usually removed in childhood. Urologists often ...

OBJECTIVE: Transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder is commonly treated with intravesical BCG. We report a cutaneous complication of BCG after therapy in 66-year-old male 4 years after initiating treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A case review including pathological slides, laboratory data, and radiographic findings. RESULTS: Biopsy findings showed an ill ...

Sacral neuromodulation has become a standard minimally invasive therapy for refractory urinary urge/frequency and urge incontinence. Prior to the widespread use of sacral neuromodulation, augmentation cystoplasty was a standard treatment for refractory overactive bladder (OAB). The use of sacral neuromodulation following bladder augmentation has not been previously reported in the ...

We report a case of sudden death due to a catastrophic spontaneous rupture of a urinary bladder associated with megacolon due to a fecal impaction (fecaloma). The massively distended rectum and sigmoid colon filled the pelvic cavity and pressed up against the posterior aspects of the uterus, vagina, and urinary ...

Hemangiomas are benign tumors of the capillary endothelium involved in varied clinical and pathologic entities. Congenital hemangioma is quite rare compared to infantile hemangioma. Hemangiomas rarely occur in bone. Intraosseous hemangiomas are most commonly found in the vertebral column and skull. The mandible is the most frequently affected skull bone. ...

We report the case of an enormous right atrial hemangioma in an asymptomatic 42-year-old woman. The diagnosis was made by echocardiogram after the patient was found to have an abnormal EKG during a routine medical exam. The hemangioma is the largest described in English literature. The tumor was surgically resected ...

Emphysematous cystitis is a rare disorder that is usually associated with immunosuppression, poorly controlled diabetes mellitus, and other risk factors such as previous urinary tract infection and/or recent instrumentation of the urinary tract. The case of an 89-year-old woman with emphysematous cystitis who had no evidence of immunodeficiency or other ...

PURPOSE: In the setting of the European Bladder Dysfunction Study, a multicenter, randomized, controlled trial of treatment options for functional incontinence in children, we assessed the concordance between reported and reviewed urodynamic scores. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 97 children with clinically diagnosed urge syndrome and 105 with clinically ...

A 67-year-old man presented with recurrent sepsis, groin swelling, and lower urinary tract symptoms 12 years after bilateral TEP inguinal hernia repair. Diagnosis of mesh migration and erosion into the urinary bladder was made by cystoscopy. Exploration of the groin confirmed Prolene mesh erosion into the lateral wall of the ...

The focus of clinical understanding and management of male storage lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) has shifted from the prostate to the bladder. This is mirrored by an increasing body of experimental evidence suggesting that the bladder is the central organ in the pathogenesis of LUTS. A systematic review of ...

BACKGROUND: Deeply-located vascular birthmarks have been traditionally regarded as being identical to a deep type of hemangioma of infancy (HOI). However, there is increasing evidence that some venous malformations also mimic these deep type of HOIs clinically. This study investigates how many, if not all, deep vascular birthmarks are deep ...

A two-day-old newborn male child with a rare variant of exstrophy bladder was managed in our institute. The child has true duplicate bladder exstrophy which is extremely rare and only 8 cases reported in the world literature so far. We describe another one and briefly review the literature.

Intramuscular hemangiomas (IHs) are rare benign neoplasms usually seen in children, adolescents and young adults. Although lower extremities are the commonest localization, the localization at the foot is extremely rare since only a few cases have been reported. We report a case of mixed type IH of the flexor digitorum ...

Hemangiomas of the external auditory canal are rare with only 16 cases reported in the literature. We report the case of a 62-year-old woman who presented with bleeding from the external auditory canal. Physical examination and imaging were consistent with a hemangioma. Initial diagnostic evaluation failed to reveal the full ...

Leiomyosarcomas are a relatively rare tumor entity encountered within the urinary bladder. There are just over 100 cases reported in the medical literature. Herein, we describe a case of leiomyosarcoma presenting initially as a urinary tract infection with lower abdominal pain. A life threatening episode of gross hematuria guided to ...

The case of a 51-year-old man diagnosed with two acquired cavernous hemangiomas 17 years after cranial irradiation for a cerebellar astrocytoma is reported. A review of 84 cases of radiation-induced cavernous hemangiomas found in the literature is presented. In this series the mean age at the time of irradiation (+/- ...

Cardiac hemangiomas are rare cardiac tumors with fewer than 50 surgically treated cases reported in the literature. Incidence of valvular hemangiomas is extremely low, as cardiac valves are predominantly avascular structures. In this case report, we describe a 33-year-old woman who presented with progressively worsening cardiovascular symptoms. Echocardiography revealed a ...

Infantile hemangiomas are common vascular tumors of childhood with a propensity for the head and neck. In the periocular region, they can cause functional and cosmetic deformity. The proliferation and involution of hemangiomas are controlled by complex interactions of molecular, cellular, and hormonal regulators. There is no single uniformly safe ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The neuroradiology and neurosurgery literature is replete with references to "hemangioma" involving the central nervous system (CNS). However, the number of cases of true infantile hemangiomas in the CNS reported to date is 15. Our purpose was to delineate the definition of infantile hemangiomas, determine their prevalence ...

BACKGROUND: Complete eversion of the urinary bladder is a rare problem that presents a serious management challenge. Currently no standard treatment recommendations exist for management. We describe our experience with bladder eversion and present an algorithm for treatment. CASE: An elderly, multiparous woman presented with complete bladder eversion after partial ...

The perivascular epithelioid cell family of tumors (PEComas) includes familiar lesions such as angiomyolipoma, lymphangioleiomyoma, and clear-cell "sugar" tumors of the lung. Less frequently, PEComas arise in various other locations throughout the body including soft tissue, bone, and visceral organs. We report 3 cases of PEComa arising in the urinary ...

Testicular hemangiomas are benign vascular neoplasms usually occurring in children. Pathologists must be aware of this entity when performing intraoperative frozen sections as, after diagnosis, testicle-sparing surgery is adequate. The authors present a typical case with immunohistochemical studies and a review of the literature.

A case of a convexity dural-based cavernous hemangioma in a 15-year-old male child is reported. The child presented only with headaches and had no neurological deficits. MRI features were suggestive of a meningioma. The tumor was completely resected and histology was conclusive of a hemangioma. At follow-up after 2 years, ...

Iris vascular anomalies are rare benign vascular tumors and simulating lesions of the iris stroma. These can be classified into five distinct, clinicopathological entities: iris capillary hemangioma, iris cavernous hemangioma, iris microhemangioma, iris arteriovenous malformation, and iris varix. We have reviewed all reported cases of iris hemangiomas since 1970, as ...

We report a rare case of a female patient with situs inversus totalis. She developed cholelithiasis which was diagnosed on abdominal ultrasound and she underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy for the left sided gall bladder. The literature on this subject is reviewed. We want to highlight the important aspects of the management ...

Urinary bladder pheochromocytoma is rare. From a case report of unsuspected pheochromocytoma and literature review, the authors develop a diagnostic and therapeutic algorithm for the management of this ectopic pheochromocytoma localization.

ABSTRACT: Melanosis refers to abnormal or excessive deposition of melanin pigment in the cells and/or tissue, which can be seen in any organ but commonly in skin and oral mucosa. Melanosis of the urinary bladder is an extremely rare benign condition and only a handful of cases been reported in ...

INTRODUCTION: Intrathecal baclofen, administered via a Baclofen pump, is used for patients with spasticity. We report here a case of intrathecal catheter retraction following surgery. CASE REPORT: A male patient with adrenoleukodystrophy and a baclofen pump implant was admitted to the urology department with bladder stones. A transurethral cystolithotripsy and ...

Bladder exstrophy is a rare urogenital abnormality. Other urogenital malformations have been associated with exposure to hormonal pesticide disruptors during critical developmental periods. This is the first report in the literature to associate household exposure to pesticides with bladder exstrophy. We describe the pediatric environmental history of a newborn baby ...

INTRODUCTION: Coital urinary incontinence is a frequently underreported symptom, with a relevant impact on women's sexuality and quality of life. AIM: This article will review the available evidence on incidence, pathophysiology, and treatment of coital urinary incontinence with the attempt to present the current state of the art. METHODS: PubMed ...

Intraosseous cavernomas are very rare benign lesions representing less than 1% of all skeletal tumors and most frequently observed in vertebrae and head and neck bones. Solitary hemangiomas of the hand bones are exceptionally rare. We report a case of this neoplasm in the distal epiphysis of the third metacarpal ...

An 11-year-old boy presenting with palpitation and chest distress was found to have gross cardiomegaly on chest radiography. Subsequent echocardiography revealed an intramural giant cystic mass in the right atrium. An operative measure was planned to prevent acute cardiac tamponade and right coronary artery obstruction. The patient successfully underwent open ...

Melanosis of the urinary bladder is a rare entity. It is generally regarded as a benign condition, but it is sometimes associated with primary malignant melanoma of the urinary bladder. It has never been reported to be connected with transitional cell carcinoma. We present a case of a woman with ...