The study's objective was to report a case and review the literature on the use of extracorporeal life support in the face of severe pulmonary hemorrhage for acute respiratory distress syndrome. This study is a single case report of a pediatric patient who was successfully managed on venovenous extracorporeal life ...

Rationale: The ability to rapidly and precisely evaluate patients in respiratory distress is essential. Due to limited opportunities for formal instruction during training, textbooks are the main educational source to teach junior physicians how to interpret the signs of respiratory distress. The quality of the textbook content relevant to respiratory ...

Radio telemetry equipment has significantly improved over the last 10-15 years and is increasingly being used in research for monitoring a variety of physiological parameters in non-sedated animals. The aim of this review is to provide an update on the current state of development of radio telemetry for recording respiration. ...

ABSTRACT: INTRODUCTION: This case report describes a rare condition: community-acquired adenovirus pneumonia in an immunocompetent adult. The diagnosis was achieved by using a multiplex real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay and highlights the usefulness of these novel molecular diagnostic techniques in patients hospitalized with acute respiratory illness. We ...

400,000 incidents of sea drowning take place every year. We report the case of a woman, 34 years old, attended on the beach by external hospital emergency services after suffering immersion in seawater resulting in drowning due to acute respiratory failure. She was admitted to the critical care unit and ...

Pulmonary sarcoidosis is a granulomatous disease of the lung parenchyma, which usually presents in a chronic, insidious fashion. Rarely though it can present as acute hypoxemic respiratory failure. We describe a case of a 40-year old man, who presented with acute respiratory failure that was ultimately proven to be sarcoidosis ...

Clear cell meningiomas are rare meningioma variants and are recognized as World Health Organization grade II tumours. They may be difficult to manage given their propensity to recur early especially if present in surgically challenging locations. We describe a rare case of a fourth ventricular clear cell meningioma without dural ...

Pneumosinus dilitans (PSD) is enlargement of the sinuses of the skull base and is frequently seen with meningiomas. Identifying PSD on imaging can assist with operative planning and preparation. Meningiomas associated with PSD are not more commonly high grade, and complete resection is frequently possible.

We are reporting two rare cases of subcutaneous lipoma. One was present over the dorsal aspect of the right index finger, and another was over the volar aspect of the middle finger. In first case, it was extending proximally from the proximal interphalangeal joint. Surgical excision of the tumour was ...

Lipomas associated with distal peripheral nerves are well recognized; however, those impinging on the brachial plexus are rare. We document a unique case of a sarcoidosis patient with an extraneural lipoma compressing the brachial plexus, and present a review of the current literature.

Of the 15 cases of intradural extramedullary ependymomas in the literature, only 3 patients were male. The authors report the fourth case to be diagnosed in a male patient and discuss the pathogenesis, presentation, and treatment of this rare form of ependymoma. These cases most commonly show a similar clinical ...

Intraosseous lipomas are rare benign bone tumors. This benign neoplasm has been reported to occur in the calcaneus as well as the proximal femur. In the past, the relative absence of symptoms and radiographic similarity to a bone cyst has accounted for underdiagnosis of intraosseous lipoma. The case presented in ...

Chordoid meningioma is a rare variant of meningioma with histologic features that mimic chordoma and other chordoid neoplasms. This tumor is important to recognize, as there is a well-documented propensity for local recurrence and aggressive behavior. Most cases occur around the cerebral convexities, in locations that are similar to classical ...

PURPOSE.: Optic neuropathy associated with proptosis and ocular motility restrictions is suggestive of a compressive etiology. This raises concern for a mass lesion involving the orbit or orbital apex. Meningiomas, which account for 4% of all intraorbital tumors and 20 to 30% of all intracranial tumors, are capable of compressing ...

Primary fourth ventricle meningiomas are extremely rare, and they are defined as meningiomas arising from the choroid plexus and lying strictly within the fourth ventricle. In this report we present a 61-year-old man with progressive worsening vertigo and gait disturbance, and new onset of diplopia. Neurological examination revealed bilateral abducens ...

Lipoma arborescens or synovial lipomatosis is a rare disorder characterized by mature fat infiltration of hypertrophic synovial villi, most frequently affecting the suprapatellar pouch of the knee. Involvement of the synovial tendon sheath is extremely rare with only a few reported cases in the literature. We present a case of ...

Colonic lipomas are rare benign tumors usually occurring in the ascending colon. We present here a case of giant rectal lipoma measuring 11.5 cm in size with review of the literature. To the best of our knowledge, colonic lipoma exceeding 8.5 cm in size has not been reported previously.

Both intraneural lipoma and chondroid lipoma have been reported in the previous literature as a separate disease entity on rare occasions. But intraneural chondroid lipoma has not been ever reported till now. So we present such a patient with an intraneural chondroid lipoma localized to common peroneal nerve.

Despite multiple reports of survivability, dissociative occipitocervical injury (OCI) is generally accepted to be fatal in most cases. The actual number of trauma victims where OCI may have made the difference between life and death is unknown because multiple studies have shown that these injuries can be missed with current ...

Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is a relatively uncommon disease that can present after a bevy of inciting events, ranging from posttraumatic and postoperative states to association with a number of systemic inflammatory disorders. Various classification schemes have been described to further delineate the underlying cause, including ulcerative, pustular, vegetative, bullous, peristomal, ...

S. Shahda, W.G. Carlos, P.J. Kiel, B.A. Khan, C.A. Hage. The human metapneumovirus: a case series and review of the literature Transpl Infect Dis 2011: 13: 324-328. All rights reserved Abstract: Human metapneumovirus (hMPV) is an emerging human pulmonary pathogen that is genetically related to respiratory syncytial virus. It has ...

Pediatric blunt laryngeal trauma is a rare and potentially life-threatening entity. External injuries can be misleading, and a high index of suspicion, as well as early intervention, is essential to achieve the best possible outcome. The authors of this report review the management of blunt laryngeal trauma in the pediatric ...

Retrospective case series, literature review. To describe and apply an optimal classification system for the management of subaxial cervical trauma. Traumatic injury to the subaxial cervical trauma is common yet diagnosis and treatment choices remain controversial. The lack of a widely accepted classification system contributes to the variation in care. ...

Pneumocephalus following head trauma is relatively rare, with tension pneumocephalus occurring in an even smaller group of patients. This review presents a recent case of tension pneumocephalus following the use of a manually operated bag-valve-mask to assist ventilations prior to rapid-sequence intubation. A discussion of this case in terms of ...

Spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SICH) is an entity, which is secondary to iatrogenic manipulation and breaching of dura. Postural headache in patients should be suspected, cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is essential for precise diagnosis. Hallmark of MRI is regular shape of pachymeningeal gadolinium enhancement and subdural effusion. It may mimic ...

A traumatic abdominal wall hernia (TAWH) caused by a handlebar collision is very rare. It is difficult for the emergency physician to exclude the possibility of mesenteric or intestinal injuries when viewing handlebar trauma. Because TAWH may have no other clinical symptoms, early recognition and differentiation from haematoma is important. ...

Homicides exclusively due to genital trauma have not been widely reported, and anorectal trauma in sexual assaults is uncommon. We describe a case of a 45-year-old white woman who sustained devastating homicidal colorectal trauma that served as a primary cause of death in the setting of rape. Our patient sustained ...

Pyogenic granuloma (PG), also known as lobular capillary hemangioma, is a common vascular proliferation that often occurs after minor injury or infection of the skin. Typically these lesions occur in the superficial dermis; although rare, subcutaneous and intravascular lesions can occur. We present a case of PG with the unusual ...

Fewer than 15% of lipomas occur in the head and neck. Lipomas of the larynx are very rare benign laryngeal tumors (0.6%). To date less than 100 case of laryngeal lipoma have been reported in the literature.Clinical manifestation include progressive horseness, dyspnea, and even dysphagia. In the direct exam smooth ...

Retrobulbar haemorrhage (RBH) is a well described condition which is said to be a common cause of acute proptosis following trauma, but the evidence for this is not strong. The authors reviewed 186 publications on the subject, finding 82 cases of RBH related to trauma. This analysis suggests that in ...

Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is a rare noninfectious neutrophilic dermatosis. Its course can be mild or malignant, chronic or relapsing with remarkable morbidity. We describe a case of PG, which presented with severe wound breakdown following a closed tibial plateau fracture of the left knee. Two weeks after the trauma, the ...

External forces that may appear trivial in the setting of blunt abdominal trauma can cause significant hollow viscus injury when applied directly to an inguinal hernia. We report a very rare case of colonic perforation following a direct blow to an inguinal hernia sustained during a rugby union match and ...

The Oregon State Legislature approved a statewide trauma system in 1985. Regional trauma committees, known as area trauma advisory boards, were prescribed by this legislation. The area trauma advisory board in Region 1 in the Northwest corner of Oregon includes the only 2 level 1 trauma centers in the entire ...

Infrapopliteal occlusion is uncommon after blunt trauma, and limb salvage after delayed diagnosis is even rarer. We present the case of a 56-year-old man who had complex lower leg orthopedic fractures along with a reportedly normal pulse examination with an 11-day diagnostic delay of limb-threatening ischemia requiring distal revascularization. This ...

Acute appendicitis commonly presents as an acute abdomen. Cases of acute appendicitis caused by blunt abdominal trauma are rare. We present a systematic review of appendicitis following blunt abdominal trauma. The aim of this review was to collate and report the clinical presentations and experience of such cases. A literature ...

Subcutaneous emphysema in the hand can result from infectious and non-infectious aetiologies. Adequate history, physical examination, laboratory studies and imaging are needed to delineate the cause, to prevent debilitating consequences and to avoid unnecessary procedures and interventions. In this case report, an 18-year-old man sustained a trauma to the dorsum ...

Managing complex abdominal wall injuries acutely or at the time of reconstruction is challenging. Contaminated surgical fields, devitalized tissue, intestinal fistula and tissues under tension contribute to clinical scenarios where closure is not possible or morbidity is unacceptable. The introduction of an absorbable extracellular matrix derived from porcine small intestinal ...

We report one case of brain glioma that developed in the scar of an old brain trauma. A 45-year-old man who presented with seizures; MRI showed a large mass in the right temporal region. Surgical biopsy showed a glioblastoma multiforme. The patient had suffered a cranial trauma in a road ...

This case series describes 2 separate occurrences of bladder rupture occurring from minor accidental trauma in young children. Both cases presented with surgical abdomen, gross hematuria, and pseudorenal failure. After evaluation by a multidisciplinary child protection consultation team, the mechanism of injury for both cases was found to be a ...

Mitral valve injury after blunt chest trauma is a rare occurrence. We recently admitted a patient with severe traumatic mitral regurgitation who was successfully treated with surgery. Review of the literature aimed at taking an inventory of cases of traumatic nonpenetrating mitral insufficiency that were operated on, since the earliest ...

Meningiomas are slow-growing intracranial/intraspinal tumours, with a wide range of histopathological variants. The more aggressive atypical and malignant types can disseminate via the venous system, lymphatics or cerebrospinal fluid, with the lungs and pleura being the most common site of extracranial metastasis. We look at a 68-year-old woman presenting with ...

We report the case of a 15 year old male who presented complaining of neck pain and upper extremity radicular symptoms one day post trampoline trauma. He was diagnosed with a nondisplaced vertical or "slit fracture" at C5 and C6. It is believed that the mechanism of injury, trampoline trauma, ...

Blunt chest trauma is commonly encountered by surgeons and is rarely associated with cardiac injuries. The incidence of cardiac injury is rare but can be rapidly fatal, requiring prompt recognition and treatment. We review the case of a 37 year-old male who was involved in a head-on motor vehicle collision ...

Trauma-related thoracic compartment syndrome (TCS) is a rare, life threatening condition that develops secondary to elevated intra-thoracic pressure and manifests itself clinically as significantly elevated airway pressures, inability to provide adequate ventilation and hemodynamic instability temporally related to closure of a thoracic surgical incision. TCS is exceedingly rare in the ...

Penetrating injuries of the abdomen and spinal canal that involve organic material of animal origin are extremely rare and derive from domestic and wild animal attacks or fish attacks. In this case report we present the unique, as far as the literature is concerned, unprovoked woman's injury to the abdomen ...

Mesenteric panniculitis is a rare disease characterized by chronic non-specific inflammation of mesenteric fat tissue. Several etiologic and/or associated factors have been reported in the literature so far. Although trauma or surgery is one of the potential etiologic factors for mesenteric panniculitis, to the best of our knowledge, no strong ...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To bring together in one review article, the most current and relevant evidence relating to military trauma resuscitation. RECENT FINDINGS: The main themes highlighted by this review are coagulopathy of trauma shock (CoTS), damage control resuscitation, haemostatic resuscitation, the management of massive transfusion, use of adjuvant drugs ...

Epidural emphysema is a rare condition, and when occurs in isolation it is usually benign and resolves spontaneously after the underlying cause has been treated. Epidural emphysema is usually accompanied by pneumothorax, subcutaneous emphysema, or pneumomediastinum. In addition, nonsurgical (benign) pneumoperitoneum is a state of the presence of air in ...

BACKGROUND: The Pennsylvania Trauma Systems Foundation ad hoc Outcomes Committee developed the Pennsylvania Outcomes and Performance Improvement Measurement System (POPIMS) software program that provided a consistent outcomes reporting template for trauma centers in the state. This study was performed to evaluate inter-rater reliability of POPIMS software for mortality classification. METHODS: ...

This case describes surgical correction of unilateral coronoid hyperplasia in a 13-year-old boy due to trauma. Treatment included coronoidectomy by intraoral approach after the diagnosis was confirmed. Computed tomography scan and occipitomental view radiograph were utilized for investigation. The resected coronoid process was sent for histopathological study. The histopathological examination ...