In the present case, the neonate presented with a left-sided abdominal mass and an empty left scrotum. Abdominal ultrasonography showed well-defined cystic formation, and laparotomy revealed a tumor arising from an intra-abdominal left testis. The carcinoembryonic antigen and neuron-specific enolase levels were within normal limits, and the serum β-human chorionic ...

Differentiated (simplex) vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN) is an uncommon variant of VIN characterized by highly differentiated morphology, making it a potential diagnostic pitfall. It may arise in the background of lichen sclerosus, and unlike most VIN, is not causally associated with human papilloma virus infection. It occurs in an older ...

BACKGROUND: Esophageal lichen planus (ELP) is a rare manifestation of mucocutaneous lichen planus (LP). OBJECTIVES: We aimed to report our experience and review all cases of ELP reported in the English-language literature. METHODS: We report our experience with 4 cases and reviewed PubMed for reports of ELP. Cases were evaluated ...

Malacoplakia is a benign and uncommon inflammatory response that develops most frequently in the genitourinary tract but has been reported at other sites. We report the case of 67-year-old man who presented with a lesion at the base of the tongue 7 months after chemoradiation for biopsy-proven invasive squamous cell ...

The majority of chromophobe renal cell carcinomas (CHRCC) are not aggressive, however, a subset are. The potential for metastasis makes recognition of CHRCC cells in cytologic preparations important for patient surveillance, management, and treatment. We report the detection of an aggressive form of CHRCC in pleural fluid cytology with histopathologic ...

Primary squamous cell carcinoma arising from the fallopian tube (SCCFT) is extremely rare with only six reported cases. We report a case of primary SCCFT accompanied by multifocal pyloric glandular metaplasia in the genital tract. An accompanying review of the literature describes the characteristics of this rare histological subtype invading ...

Chromoblastomycosis is a chronic subcutaneous mycosis seen mainly in tropical regions. While malignant transformation rarely occurs, the present report describes a 69-year-old man with a 21-year history of chromoblastomycosis complicated by invasive squamous cell carcinoma requiring amputation of the affected limb. A review of previous reported cases shows malignancy arising ...

To reassess the predictive value of detecting sperm cells in men with AZFb or AZFb-c deletions. Retrospective analysis of previously reported men with AZFb or AZFb-c deletions and the addition of six new cases. Fertility institution. Men with both sequence tagged site marker identification and testicular cytology/histology findings. Systematic review ...

Osseous metaplasia is a rare histologic feature not often associated with renal cell carcinoma; there are only 14 reported cases and just four associated with the clear cell variant. We report the case of a 48-year-old female who presented with diffuse abdominal pain. We reviewed the case of woman who ...

We report a heterogeneous group of very late recurrences of leukemia occurring more than 10 years after initial treatment including 2 cases of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) which recurred after more than 20 years of remission, 2 cases of donor cell leukemia which developed more than 10 years after ...

Melanocytic matricoma is a rare cutaneous neoplasm of presumed anagen hair follicle origin with approximately 10 reported cases in the literature. Melanocytic matricomas are clinically and histopathologically distinct cutaneous nodular proliferations of matrical and supramatrical cells admixed with dendritic melanocytes, which typically occur in the sun-exposed areas of elderly patients. ...

Odontogenic myxoma (OM) was diagnosed in an 8-year-old Labrador Retriever dog with an ulcerohemorrhagic mass located on the caudal area of the right maxillary gingiva. The neoplasm was characterized by a low mitotic index and moderate numbers of spindle, stellate, and round cells that were sparsely distributed in an alcian ...

We report a case of 50-year-old male with obstructive jaundice diagnosed as peri-ampullary collision tumor comprising of large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma and signet ring cell carcinoma. The association of neuroendocrine (usually carcinoids) and adenocarcinoma is extremely uncommon with only few case reports available in the reported literature.

Synchronous malignancies with an esophageal malignancy are not uncommon. However synchronous esophageal and renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is rare with only 11 cases reported in the world literature, the esophageal malignancies being adenocarcinomas or squamous cell carcinomas. Here, we report the first case of synchronous small cell carcinoma (SCC) of ...

A 59-year-old male with invasive squamous cell carcinoma of the left preauricular region, treated with several chemotherapy regimens and radiation therapy, was admitted for recurrent syncopal episodes. He was found to be suffering from neurocardiogenic reflex-mediated syncope secondary to mechanical compression of the carotid baroreceptors and glossopharyngeal nerve by the ...

Squamous papillomas are common lesions of the oral mucosa with a predilection for the mucosa of the hard and soft palate. As an oral lesion, it raises concern because of its clinical appearance, which may mimic exophytic carcinoma, verrucous carcinoma or condyloma acuminatum. Its pathogenesis is related to human papilloma ...

Congenital leukemia is a rare disease with particular biological and clinical characteristics which differs from those of older children and adults. Here, we describe two cases of congenital acute lymphoblastic leukemia in two newborns with different clinical presentations (leukemia cutis vs. splenomegaly and respiratory distress) and fatal outcome. Both cases ...

The use of the term "Hürthle cell neoplasm" as the gold standard should be discouraged as it makes evaluating these lesions more confusing. Recently, a number of studies have been conducted to define criteria that are more specific for Hürthle cell carcinoma (HCC). We herein report two cases of HCC ...

Translocation (10;17)(p13-15;q12-21) in acute leukemia is rarely reported in the literature. Here, we present both a novel t(10;17) case study and a review of relevant literature on t(10;17) in acute leukemia (10 cases). In summary, we came to the following preliminary conclusions: t(10;17) is associated with poorly differentiated acute leukemia ...

The ETV6/ABL1 (TEL/ABL) fusion gene is a rare aberration in malignant disorders. Only 19 cases of ETV6/ABL1-positive hematological malignancy have been published, diagnosed with chronic myeloid leukemia, other types of chronic myeloproliferative neoplasm, acute myeloid leukemia or acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). This study reports three new cases (aged 8 months, ...

CONTEXT: Rapid advances in understanding the molecular biology of acute myeloid leukemia are transforming the approach to diagnosis, prognostication, and treatment of these cases. OBJECTIVE: To briefly review the current state of AML classification with a particular emphasis on the role of molecular studies and their impact on the management ...

Langerhans Cell histiocytosis is a rare proliferative histiocytic disorder in which pathologic Langerhans cells accumulate in a variety of organs. The clinical presentation, evolution and therapeutic options are highly variable. Because of its relative rarity and the broad clinical spectrum, the diagnosis of Langerhans cell histiocytosis is often delayed or ...

Aggressive natural killer cell leukemia (ANKL) is a rare type of leukemia. It is rapidly progressing and the outcome is poor, with short survival. There is paucity of reports of ANKL in the Indian pediatric literature. We report a pediatric ANKL case that is in complete continuous remission after four ...

CONTEXT: Acute erythroid leukemia (AEL) is an uncommon type of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), representing less than 5% of all cases. Acute erythroid leukemia is characterized by a predominant erythroid proliferation, and in the current World Health Organization (WHO) classification scheme there are 2 subtypes: erythroleukemia (erythroid/myeloid leukemia) and pure ...

Primary windpipe tumour is extremely rare. Squamous cell carcinoma is the most common malignant form, especially in smokers. The radiological appearance of these neoplasms can be classified as intra-luminal, wall-thickening, exophytic form; the majority of the lesions are obstructive in nature and then tend to extra-luminal invasion. This tumour is ...

Histoplasma capsulatum has not typically been associated with sinusitis in either immunocompetent or immunocompromised hosts. We report a case of sinusitis caused by H. capsulatum in a patient with chronic lymphocytic leukemia and discuss the reported cases of this rare clinical manifestation of histoplasmosis in the medical literature.

Translocations involving chromosomes 1 and 15 are uncommon in hematologic malignancies. So far, only 42 cases have been reported with t(1;15) as a reciprocal or complex chromosomal abnormalities. We herein report the first case in the literature, to our knowledge, of a 44-year-old female with essential thrombocythemia and severe myelofibrosis ...

Inherited molecular defects in nucleotide excision repair genes cause the autosomal recessive condition xeroderma pigmentosum. Xeroderma pigmentosum is characterized by photo-hypersensitivity of sun-exposed tissues, and by a several thousand-fold increase in the risk of developing malignant neoplasms of the skin and of the eyes. Mutations in xeroderma pigmentosum genes that ...

The coexistence of chronic lymphocytic (CLL) and chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) in the same patient has only been reported occasionally. Most of these cases represent the patients who developed CLL during the course of CML. Reviewing the literature, only a few cases of simultaneous occurrence of CLL and CML were ...

Congenital leukemia is uncommon and excluding transient myeloproliferation associated with Down syndrome, makes up approximately 1% of childhood leukemias. A newborn boy was born with multiple subcutaneous nodules and large purpuric papules. Skin biopsy revealed proliferation of atypical hematologic cells in the dermis. Bone marrow morphology was consistent with acute ...

The chemotherapeutic agent mitoxantrone was approved for use in multiple sclerosis (MS) in 2000. After a review of all the available evidence, the original report of the Therapeutics and Technology Assessment Subcommittee in 2003 concluded that mitoxantrone probably reduced clinical attack rates, MRI activity, and disease progression. Subsequent reports of ...

Leukemias are neoplasms of hematolymphoid cells that predominantly involve the peripheral blood. Cutaneous involvement (leukemia cutis) occurs in chronic myeloid leukemia, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and in monocytic leukemia. Here, we report a case of a 49-year-old female patient known to have chronic myeloid leukemia presented with multiple cutaneous lesions. The ...

Intraperitoneal free air in a child with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) treated with induction chemotherapy is an ominous sign suspective of gastrointestinal perforation. We report a case of pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis (PCI) with free intraperitoneal air without bowel perforation in a child with Down syndrome during ALL induction treatment. PCI ...

Mucormycosis is an aggressive and potentially devastating fungal infection which typically manifests in pulmonary, rhinocerebral, or disseminated forms in patients with hematologic malignancy. Mucormycosis confined to the periodontium is uncommon, and to our knowledge only 6 cases have been reported in the English-language literature. This case report describes a patient ...

Current therapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia have resulted in cure rates over 80%. Relapses occur most frequently in the bone marrow. We report the unusual case of a young man who presented with an isolated kidney relapse after maintaining remission from acute lymphoblastic leukemia for over 6 years. Sites of ...

Granulocytic sarcoma (GS) is composed of immature granulocytic precursors and is usually found in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients with t(8;21). Inv(16) is rarely associated with GS comparing with t(8;21) leukemia. Here we describe an abdominal GS patient in AML-M2 with acquired translocation between chromosomes 6 and 17 and inv ...

Radiation-induced brain tumors are suggested to be the late complication of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) treatment. High-grade gliomas, meningiomas, and sarcomas are the most frequent neoplasms. Secondary anaplastic oligodendrogliomas are exceedingly rare. Five cases of pure anaplastic oligodendroglioma have been reported in the literature, and only 1 case was in ...

Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a demyelinating disease of the central nervous system caused by the John Cunningham (JC) virus, a DNA papovavirus. It is usually associated with conditions causing profound immunodeficiency, classically seen in patients with HIV/AIDS. Since its first description in 1958, PML has also been associated with ...

Entire ABL1 gene deletion without BCR/ABL1 rearrangement is a rare phenomenon, with only four cases previously reported. Here we describe a fifth case of ABL1 deletion without BCR/ABL1 rearrangement in an adolescent patient with precursor B-cell lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) and review the relevant literature. It is not clear how ABL1 ...

Hydrazine (N(2)H(4)) is a clear, inorganic colourless liquid. It is known to be a skin sensitizer, a corrosive agent and it causes dermatitis on contact. Hydrazine is employed in chemical plants, used as a corrosion inhibitor for feed waters and may be added to rocket fuels. The authors report the ...

Leukemia cutis is an infiltration of malignant neoplastic leukocytes or their precursors into the epidermis, dermis, or subcutis. These neoplastic cells are derived from abnormal leukocytes in the bone marrow where maturation aberrations occur. Acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) is the second most common cause of leukemia cutis and the most ...

Orbital mass is an exceedingly rare presentation of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. This report describes a 12-year-old boy with recurrent orbital pre-B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia and reviews the literature on the incidence, presentation, prognosis, and management of orbital tumors in acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Early diagnosis and treatment of orbital acute lymphoblastic ...

Myeloid sarcoma (MS, previously named granulocytic sarcoma or chloroma) is a rare extramedullary tumour of immature myeloid cells. It can be present before, concurrently with, or after the diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia. MS is extremely uncommon in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). In the case described here, MS was the ...

Chronic idiopathic myelofibrosis (CIM) with myeloid metaplasia is a myeloproliferative disorder characterized by leukoerythroblastosis, tear drop erythrocytes, extra-medullary hematopoesis (EMH), and varying degree of myelofibrosis. CIM, presenting as refractory ascites secondary to peritoneal hematopoesis, is extremely rare with only six adult cases reported in literature. This is a report of ...

To present a case of metastatic renal cell carcinoma to the parotid gland occurring 19 years after nephrectomy with review of literature. Case report and literature review. Literature review of cases of metastatic renal cell carcinoma to the parotid gland and discussion of a recent representative case within our tertiary ...

We report a case of an asymptomatic 39-year-old male who was incidentally found to have a white blood cell count of 15 000/mm(3) associated with a positive BCR-ABL/t(9;22)(q34;q11) chromosomal translocation detected in 51/300 of cells by FISH and RT-PCR from peripheral blood. Within the next 3 months, leukocytosis spontaneously subsided; ...

BACKGROUND: Granulocytic sarcoma (GS) is a form of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), also known as extramedullary myeloid tumor or chloroma. It forms a solid malignant tumor consisting of myelocytes or granulocytes and is typically located in bone while occurrence in other parts of the body is rare. CASE PRESENTATION: We ...

Chloromas are not frequently seen in patients with acute myelogenous leukemia and chloromas involving cardiac structures have only been rarely reported in the literature. We report a complete radiographic response to low-dose fractionated radiotherapy in a patient with an intracardiac chloroma.

Ecthyma gangrenosum (EG) is a serious and well-recognized cutaneous condition. Development of EG is most commonly associated with Pseudomonas aeruginosa septicemia. Other organisms, such as Escherichia coli, have been identified less often as the cause of EG. We describe a 50-year-old man previously diagnosed with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) who ...

Reciprocal t(16;21)(p11;q22) is a rare chromosomal abnormality in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The chimeric transcript FUS-ERG formed by this translocation which causes the replacement of RNA-binding domain of FUS (alias TLS) with the DNA-binding domain of ERG, and this event is thought to be responsible for leukemogenesis. Here we report ...