Closed flexor tendon pulley ruptures are relatively rare injuries. All previously reported cases have been in the long finger pulleys. To our knowledge, there has not been a case of closed thumb flexor tendon pulley rupture reported in the literature. This paper presents two cases of this pathology and discusses ...

Atraumatic rupture of the spleen is an uncommon condition that may be associated with various etiologies. The hemophagocytic syndrome (HS) and isolated splenic peliosis are two rare conditions, each of which has previously been described in association with splenic rupture. We describe a unique case of atraumatic splenic rupture in ...

We describe a case of idiopathic abdominal apoplexy secondary to a spontaneous mesocolic bleed. Preoperative computed tomography of the abdomen suggested a ruptured colonic mass at the splenic flexure. The diagnosis was made when exploratory laparotomy revealed hemoperitoneum and an extensive hematoma in the transverse mesocolon, with no apparent source. ...

Ruptured uterus is a serious obstetric emergency with a high maternal and perinatal mortality. It is a preventable and common obstetric problem in developing countries. The objective of this study was to review the incidence, methods of diagnosis and maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality associated with uterine rupture. Case ...

We report two cases of subcutaneous emphysema associated with pneumomediastinum after general anesthesia. One of them was devoid of common symptoms such as chest pain and dyspnea, but significant closed rhinolalia was noted initially. Though in these two cases the chest CT scanning revealed no perivascular emphysema, we highly suspected ...

The authors report a case of longitudinal tendon tears of the peroneus longus and brevis in the presence of tophaceous gouty infiltration. There are a limited number of reports discussing similar processes affecting various tendons throughout the body. There has been 1 prior case of peroneal tendon involvement affecting only ...

Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) is relatively uncommon. It often occurs in healthy, middle-aged women without overt risk factors for atherosclerosis and is associated with the peripartum period. The pattern and severity of presentation are variable. There are only 5 reports in the literature about multivessel involvement. The etiopathogenesis of ...

Trigger finger is a common condition, and the usual cause is stenosing tenosynovitis. Trigger finger caused by trauma is extremely rare. We examined a patient in whom an apparently trivial laceration caused partial laceration of the flexor tendon, leading to trigger finger. In this case, ultrasonography was useful in establishing ...

Spontaneous rupture of the oesophagus is a rare event. Most have been reported in association with oesophageal carcinoma, peptic ulceration and alcohol abuse followed by forceful episode of vomiting. We, however, report a case of spontaneous rupture of the oesophagus in an otherwise healthy individual with no history of alcohol ...

The typical location of a peroneus brevis tendon tear has been described at the posterior margin of the fibula due to an entrapment mechanism or repetitive anterior subluxation of the tendon. A case of a posttraumatic intratendinous ganglion of the peroneus brevis tendon in the distal third of the peroneus ...

AIM: To describe an association of spontaneous inferior subconjunctival haemorrhages in eyes with circumferential drainage blebs following trabeculectomy. METHODS: Observational case series. Patients with multiple episodes of spontaneous inferior subconjunctival haemorrhage following trabeculectomy (with or without antimetabolite) and circumferential blebs are presented. All patients described had multiple episodes. A possible ...

Spontaneous rupture of umbilical hernia is an unusual and rarely reported complication in the patient with hepatic cirrhosis and ascites, and it may be fatal. A literature search revealed that patients have been managed both operatively and nonoperatively for this condition. All of the reported cases in the literature were ...

Simultaneous bilateral patella tendon ruptures are very rare injuries of the knee extensor complex often associated with systemic disorders such as lupus erythematosus or rheumatoid arthritis. We describe the case of a 34-year-old man without concomitant systemic disease or steroid use and provide the most comprehensive review of the German ...

Quadriceps tendon rupture is an uncommon injury. In the majority of cases, predispositions as recurrent microtrauma or degenerative changes are present. The diagnosis of acute quadriceps tendon ruptures can usually be made by clinical examination. Ultrasonography has been shown as a reliable, inexpensive and easily available diagnostic tool to confirm ...

Neonatal tracheal injury represents a rare complication of endotracheal intubation. Previous case reports have demonstrated high morbidity and mortality (75%) associated with the rapid occurrence of subcutaneous emphysema, respiratory failure and death in this patient population. This mandates the prompt recognition, evaluation and management of this injury in the neonate. ...

BACKGROUND: Tufted angioma, a peculiar angioma that is characterized by tufts of capillary-sized vessels scattered 'cannonball fashion' within the dermis, is known, on occasion, to regress spontaneously. However, the appropriate waiting period for spontaneous regression has remained unclear. OBJECTIVE: To know the appropriate waiting period for spontaneous regression of tufted ...

Seventeen cases of feline cranial cruciate ligament rupture are presented. The cases are divided into two groups: those with traumatic multiligamentous damage, and those with isolated cranial cruciate ligament rupture without a history of trauma. The cats that had suffered cruciate ligament rupture were heavier than the general population of ...

We present a case of infantile herpes zoster without clinical evidence of varicella infection in the mother or apparent exposure in the child; our patient's diagnosis was confirmed by serology and by Tzanck smear. We briefly review the etiopathogenesis factors of this condition. We emphasize the benign course and spontaneous ...

We report on a case in which recurrent extensor tendon rupture was caused by tenosynovitis without skin ulcer and calcinosis in adult-onset dermatomyositis involving the hand. Proliferative tenosynovitis of the extensor tendons led to recurrent elongation or rupture of the extensor tendons, and tendon graft produced the good postoperative result ...

Spontaneous extrahepatic rupture of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a rare but serious complication that occurs with an incidence of between 5 and 15% of patients with HCC. It is thought to be preceded by rapid expansion due to intratumoral bleeding. Extrahepatic rupture of HCC has been reported as a rare ...

Neonatal injury of the spleen is an uncommon but serious condition. Although the standard management of children with splenic injury is nonoperative, there is scant evidence in the literature to support handling neonates in the same way. We report a case of neonatal splenic rupture that was managed nonoperatively. A ...

Two neonates, both 32-weekers, developed Morganella morganii sepsis on the first day of life. They presented within a day of each other, primarily with respiratory signs. In both cases there was a history of spontaneous premature rupture of membranes, exposure to a single dose of ampicillin ante-partum, and similar antibiograms. ...

A 76-year-old woman presented to the accident and emergency department with an acute surgical abdomen. She did not have any significant medical history or history of trauma. Examination findings revealed generalized peritonitis. Preliminary investigations were unhelpful in revealing a cause. On urgent exploratory laparotomy, a ruptured spleen was found and ...

We report a case who had an open myelomeningocele and developed respiratory arrest associated with spontaneous pneumocephalus. Spontaneous respiration resumed after closing of the defect and ventriculoperitoneal shunting. We conclude that repair of the defect in the early period is very useful both to minimize the infection risk and to ...

OBJECTIVE AND IMPORTANCE: Complete spontaneous obliteration of a brain arteriovenous malformation (AVM) is a rare event, with 67 angiographically proven cases in the world literature. We present a new case and a systematic literature review to determine possible mechanisms underlying this unusual phenomenon. CLINICAL PRESENTATION: One patient with a brain ...

Spontaneous rupture of the extensor pollicis longus (EPL) tendon is uncommon in sports activities. We report a rare case of a professional downhill skier presenting with a rupture of the EPL tendon. Repetitive motion of the wrist joint appeared to cause the rupture. The patient was treated successfully with tendon ...

CONTEXT: Splenic rupture secondary to solid malignancy is an infrequent complication that usually occurs late in the progression of a previously diagnosed cancer. In rare instances, splenic rupture precipitates the discovery of an unsuspected pancreatic carcinoma. We report 2 cases of adenocarcinoma of the pancreas in which the patients presented ...

We report two cases of extensor pollicis longus tendon tethering following K-wire insertion to treat unstable distal radius fractures, an unusual complication. In both cases, extensor pollicis longus function returned with conservative management. The structures considered "at risk" during K-wire insertion are described, and the common complications are discussed. Operative ...

Pneumomediastinum, a collection of mediastinal air, often results from the rupture of intrathoracic structures. A 41-year-old diabetic woman initially presented with signs of pneumomediastinum and nuchal subcutaneous emphysema, but was finally diagnosed with unilateral emphysematous pyelonephritis. Pneumomediastinum as a presentation in retroperitoneal infection has not been reported previously, which prompts ...

Spontaneous rupture of the popliteus tendon has not previously been reported. We report the case of a 74-year-old patient, discuss its diagnosis and management, and review the current literature on isolated popliteus lesions. A multi-database electronic literature review suggests that the injury is invariably traumatic and has essentially been reported ...

Non-traumatic rupture of large tendons is identified as a contributor to morbidity in patients who receive haemodialysis. The injury is likely to become more common as the duration of survival on dialysis extends. A number of predisposing factors leading to tendon injury have been identified in the literature, including secondary ...

Spontaneous dissection of the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) is rare and has been reported only sporadically. Therapeutic options are either a surgical approach, which is the more frequently adopted, or a simple observation. We report a case of spontaneous dissection of the SMA with a review of the literature and ...

We describe the MRI appearances of an anencephalic newborn who survived for 13 h; particularities of this case are male gender and the absence of other associated malformations. Moreover, we discuss the pathogenetic theories of anencephaly, correlating MRI findings with embryological data. An exencephaly-anencephaly sequence due to amnion rupture is ...

Pneumomediastinum is the presence of air in the mediastinum. Spontaneous pneumomediastinum (SPM) is an infrequent, benign, and self-limiting condition that predominantly affects young males and pregnant females. It is important to distinguish pneumomediastinum symptoms from similar clinical findings that require immediate treatment, such as cardiac tamponade, angina pectoris, dissecting aortic ...

A case of placenta percreta causing spontaneous uterine rupture is presented. This is a rare condition, which may present in the antepartum period as abdominal pain, with or without signs of hemorrhagic shock. This entity can lead to significant morbidity and mortality if not aggressively managed. A discussion follows on ...

Pneumomediastinum (PM) is an uncommon condition characterized by the presence of air in the mediastinum. It is associated with alveolar rupture that allows air to traverse along the bronchovascular bundle into the mediastinum. A review of the world medical literature identified 50 additional cases of PM and pneumopericardium (PC) associated ...

Tracheal rupture is rare in clinical practice. We present 2 female patients with tracheal rupture after emergent endotracheal intubation from different injury mechanisms; penetrating injury of using stylet during intubation in one case and overinflation of cuff of the endotracheal tube under rapid sequence intubation in another. The lesions of ...

Congenital left ventricular diverticulum is a rare malformation. We report a case of a ruptured congenital left ventricular diverticulum in a 24-week-old fetus. The fetus was referred for a large and circumferential pericardial effusion confirmed by cross-sectional echocardiography in our tertiary fetal cardiology unit. Pericardiocentesis removed 25 mL of old ...

BACKGROUND: Spontaneous mid trimester rupture of the uterus is uncommon. AIM: To report a case of spontaneous mid trimester uterine rupture in a patient with a previous caesarean section scar. METHOD: A review of the case record of a patient managed for spontaneous mid-trimester uterine rupture and the relevant literature. ...

PURPOSE: To enable ophthalmologists to recognize and manage buccal fat pad hemorrhage occurring after retrobulbar injection. DESIGN: Interventional case report. METHODS: A 52-year-old woman with proliferative diabetic retinopathy underwent left retrobulbar injection before panretinal photocoagulation (PRP). RESULTS: Immediately after PRP, the patient complained of left cheek swelling. Ocular examination was ...

In this paper two cases are reported in which spontaneous entry of air into the head appears to have occurred through a hypercellular mastoid air cell system. In both these cases forceful sneezing and nose blowing were considered contributory factors. They underwent surgical repair of the bony defects which, combined ...

Spontaneous rupture of the liver during pregnancy associated with preeclampsia is an uncommon and frequently fatal complication. A case of a 61-year-old non-pregnant female is described here who took estrogen replacement for 16 years and presented with spontaneous rupture of the right lobe of the liver with hemoperitoneum. The underlying ...

Most thoracic surgeons overlook the fact that spontaneous pneumothorax is one of the pulmonary complications of connective tissue disorders such as Marfan or Ehlers-Danlos syndromes, and they consider it as primary. In the following report we describe a unique case of spontaneous rupture of the sigmoid secondary to a spontaneous ...

BACKGROUND: Total or near-total rupture of the pectoralis major muscle is a rare injury. Fewer than 200 cases have been reported in literature, many of them in single case reports. There is discrepancy regarding whether this kind of injury should be treated operatively. HYPOTHESIS: Early surgical treatment is necessary to ...

Although rare, spontaneous splenic rupture has been reported in cases of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). In contrast, there are no published reports of splenic injury resulting from minor trauma in CLL patients. We report the case of an 81-year-old woman with a history of CLL, who presented with minor trauma ...

Spontaneous pneumothorax is the most common cause of pneumothorax. We report a case of a 29-year-old healthy woman who presented to the emergency department with a spontaneous pneumothorax caused by a yoga breathing technique called Kapalabhati pranayama, or breath of fire. Yoga breathing exercises are commonly practiced, and a limited ...

We aimed to navigate the surgeon regarding the localization of the main anatomical structures at the anterior part of the ankle joint, in order to find easily the safest anatomical points with reference to the superficial peroneal nerve (SPN), in particular for anterolateral portal placement in ankle arthroscopy. Sixty-three ankles ...

The purpose of this article is to report the case of a 10-year-old girl born with anophthalmia, bilateral oblique facial clefts, and missing scalp and bones over the temporal and parietal areas of the cranial vault bilaterally. Early amnion rupture seems to be the most probable cause of this rare ...

Intrathoracic extramedullary hematopoiesis (TEMH) is an unusual but well-described entity, which is typically found in patients who have chronic hemolytic anemias, myelofibrosis, or myeloproliferative disorders. It is seldom symptomatic, rarely fatal. We report a case of a 26-year-old African-American male with a past medical history of sickle cell trait/beta thalassemia ...

OBJECTIVE: Typical signs of papillary renal cell carcinoma (PRCC) are extensive necroses of the tumorous mass, which can modify the clinical appearance of PRCC. These necroses can imitate cysts on radiological examinations (ultrasonography and CT). The tumours are fragile and vulnerable to spontaneous rupture or rupture following minimal trauma (i.e. ...