The present mechanistic in vitro study aimed to investigate dose-response effects of zinc and fluoride on caries lesion remineralization and subsequent protection from demineralization. Artificial caries lesions were created using a methylcellulose acid gel system. Lesions were remineralized for 2 weeks using citrate-containing artificial saliva which was supplemented with zinc ...

Porokeratotic eccrine ostial and dermal duct nevus (PEODDN) is a rare nonhereditary malformation of the eccrine duct. A relationship with linear porokeratosis is not yet established; some consider it as a rare variant of porokeratosis involving the acrosyringium, whereas others consider it a separate entity based on distinctive clinical features ...

With the increasing availability and use of modern brain diagnostic imaging modalities, discovery of incidental meningiomas has become fairly common. This creates a dilemma among neurosurgeons as to whether these lesions should be treated. Numerous natural history studies have been published in an effort to shed light on the potential ...

Background:  Acquired bilateral patchy or mottled pigmentation of the neck has occasionally been observed. Objective:  The clinical and histopathological characteristics of these findings were investigated. Materials and methods:  Fourteen patients were included. Patch and photopatch tests and laboratory tests including serum hormonal evaluation were performed. Skin biopsy was performed on ...

Background  Melasma is characterized by increased pigmentation and photodamaged features, which include solar elastosis. Recently, we detected the downregulation of the genes most associated with lipid metabolism using microarray analysis in melasma. These findings suggested that lesional skin may have different biophysical characteristics, and, in particular, an altered skin barrier ...

Neural fibrolipoma is an uncommon tumor-like lesion that involves the upper extremity and usually arises in the median nerve. It is associated with macrodactyly in one-third of the cases. A 3-year-old girl presented with increasing size of fingers of both the hands since birth. Clinical examination revealed macrodactyly of two ...

BACKGROUND: Facial skin has a distinct histologic architecture and reveals specific dermatoscopic features. Diagnosis of lentigo maligna on the face is often challenging because of the overlap of clinical and morphologic features with other lesions. OBJECTIVES: We aim to show the value of reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) as a noninvasive ...

We report the surgical removal of an iris pigment epithelial cyst that was floating freely in the posterior chamber of an 18-month-old child. The reason for surgical removal was disturbance in near vision secondary to the movement of the cyst across the visual axis. Visual disturbance secondary to a unilateral ...

Background and aimsThe natural history and growth pattern of pancreatic serous cystic neoplasms (SCNs) are not well understood. This study was designed in order to get insight into the growth rate of SCNs and to suggest recommendations for their management.MethodsPatients with well-documented incidentally discovered or minimally symptomatic SCNs who underwent ...

Within the past two decades, an exponential number of publications have emerged on the topic of dermatoscopy, most, if not all, reporting the benefits of using a dermatoscope. Dermatoscopy has been promoted to be useful in diagnosing not only pigmented skin lesions but also a wide range of skin conditions ...

BACKGROUND: ALK rearrangement is particularly observed in signet-ring sub-type adenocarcinoma. Since fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) is not suitable for mass screening, we aimed to characterize the predictive utility of tumour morphology and ALK immunoreactivity to identify ALK rearrangement, in a primary lung adenocarcinoma dataset enriched for signet-ring morphology, compared ...

Congenital melanocytic nevus (CMN) may rarely regress which may also be associated with a halo or vitiligo. We describe a 10-year-old girl who presented with CMN on the left leg since birth, which recently started to regress spontaneously with associated depigmentation in the lesion and at a distant site. Dermoscopy ...

Acute depigmentation of the iris is a new condition characterized by pigment dispersion in the anterior chamber, depigmentation of the iris stroma, and pigment deposition in the anterior chamber angle. A 33-year-old woman using a topical corticosteroid every 2 h for the treatment of acute iridocyclitis was referred to our ...

Dermatoscopy is the most commonly used noninvasive tool for the diagnosis of pigmented skin lesions, but few studies have investigated the value of cytology in the identification of those lesions. We compared the accuracy of dermatoscopy with that of the Tzanck smear test in the diagnosis of pigmented skin lesions, ...

The term Asian refers to East Asians of the Pacific Rim who share not only a common heritage and skin type but also the same set of clinical skin problems. Pigmentation of the skin is often considered the number one esthetic skin concern in Asians. Asians idealize unblemished complexion of ...

Pigmented Spitz nevus is a benign melanocytic skin lesion with distinct clinical features and it is frequently found on the extremities. However, it rarely occurs on acral area of the body, and such a case has not yet been fully documented. We present a case of acral pigmented Spitz nevus ...

Purpose: To determine the optimal cutoff of choline (Cho) concentration in quantitative multivoxel magnetic resonance (MR) spectroscopic data to safely prove benignancy in breast lesions. Materials and Methods: The study was institutional review board approved, and informed consent was obtained from each patient. Between July 2009 and July 2010, multivoxel ...

BACKGROUND: Most malignant mesotheliomas are related to asbestos exposure. Whether malignant mesothelioma occurs in the absence of asbestos exposure remains unsettled. To address this question we reviewed a series of 2,025 autopsies performed at the Mount Sinai Hospital between 1883 and 1910, prior to the widespread commercial introduction of asbestos. ...

Conjunctival dermoid cysts are a rare subtype of dermoid cyst usually presenting in adulthood. The authors report a case of a recurrent conjunctival dermoid cyst with reactive lymphoid hyperplasia that was immunohistochemically demonstrated to be polyclonal. Follicular centers that were present within the cyst wall were negative for Bcl-2 and ...

We assessed the growth kinetics of pathologically proven benign neoplastic cystic lesions of the pancreas. The volume and longest axial diameter (LAD) of 20 pathologically proven pancreatic cystic lesions (12 mucinous cystic neoplasms (MCN) and 8 serous cystadenomas (SCN)) on 2 multidetector computed tomography scans, obtained before resection, were measured. ...

Mesothelioma is a "new" malignant disease strongly associated with exposure to amphibole asbestos exposure (amosite and crocidolite) environmentally and in the work place. Nonetheless, in recent years, we have learned that many cases of mesothelioma are idiopathic, while some are caused by therapeutic irradiation or chronic inflammation in body cavities. ...

Case report of a floating pigmented vitreous cyst.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Epidemiological data have contributed to the classification in 2009 of the full ultraviolet (UV) radiation spectrum as carcinogenic to humans. We reviewed the epidemiological evidence that UVA could be involved in the genesis of cutaneous melanoma. RECENT FINDINGS: Use of artificial UV tanning devices (sunbeds) consists mainly ...

Most of inguinal masses in children correspond to inguinal indirect hernias, but other pathologic entities may be found. Dermoid cysts of the spermatic cord are very rare, with only 9 clear cases reported in the literature to date, all of them in adults. We present a case of dermoid cyst ...

Enterogenous cyst is extremely rare in the supratentorial compartment. Two adult patients with histologically variefied supratentorial entrogenous cyst are described. Light microscopy and immunohistochemistry examination revealed the endodermal origin of the cyst. Enterogenous cyst should be considered in the differential diagnosis of non-enhancing cyst in the supratentorial compartment. Total excision ...

PURPOSE: We established the baseline occurrence of epididymal cysts, and the correlation between epididymal cysts and testicular size. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed all pediatric scrotal ultrasounds done at our institution in 8 years. We analyzed the proportion of cysts by patient age and compared testicular size in boys ...

The aim of this study was to assess the natural history of ultrasonically diagnosed ovarian dermoid cysts in a large group of women who were managed expectantly, and to assess the factors that were associated with failure of expectant management. Our database was searched for dermoid cysts diagnosed on ultrasonography ...

Midline congenital nasal lesions are rarely encountered in adults. We present the case of a 31-year-old man with a nasal dermoid sinus cyst who presented with a nasal dorsal abscess. We review the embryology of nasal dermoid sinus cysts, and we discuss their presentation, evaluation, and management in adults.

OBJECTIVES: To report the treatment of a limbal dermoid tumor with excision of the lesion combined with the placement of a processed pericardial graft. METHODS: A case report of a new approach to treat large limbal dermoids after excision of the lesion from the cornea and limbus. RESULTS: The surgical ...

Epidermal inclusion cyst is a benign cyst filled with keratin fibers, and its wall has nearly the same characteristics as the epidermis. It is commonly seen in the skin and has the tendency to slowly grow toward deeper epidermis parts and to cause cystic expansion. We report a 23-year-old woman ...

We report a case of epidermal inclusion cyst of penis in a five-year-old boy, who had presented to the outpatient department of our hospital. Epidermal inclusion cysts are benign lesions that can develop in any part of the body. However, the finding of an epidermal inclusion cyst in the penis ...

We report a 27-year-old male with a giant dermoid cyst of the cavernous sinus that extended into the posterior fossa and ruptured, causing meningitis and hydrocephalus. We also discuss the radiological features, surgical challenges and management difficulties of such a cyst. A giant dermoid cyst of the cavernous sinus that ...

In this retrospective study of 314 patients undergoing surgery for ovarian dermoid cysts, conducted over a 20-year period, we evaluated the impact of the routine use of laparoscopic surgery without recourse to laparotomy to retrieve the specimen, using an endoscopic retrieval bag placed under the cyst to prevent intraperitoneal spillage ...

We present a 22-month-old boy with a ruptured dermoid cyst overlying the torcular herophili. The cyst had caused scalp erosion and a lytic bone lesion and was successfully excised surgically. The general features of these cysts are discussed, along with the surgical procedure and implications of cyst rupture.

Dermoid cysts are ectodermal inclusion cysts with epithelial lining in the subcutaneous tissue along the lines of embryonic fusion. Encephalocele, meningocele, hemangioma, lipoma, cephalohematoma, and sebaceous cyst are the differential diagnoses. The differentiation between them is essential for effective management to proceed. Obtaining a reliable history, completing a careful physical ...

Halo nevi, also termed Sutton nevi, are defined as benign melanocytic nevi that are surrounded by an area of depigmentation resembling a halo. Halo nevi are common in children and young adults, with a mean age at onset of 15 years. The incidence in the population is estimated to be ...

BACKGROUND: Lingual dermoid cysts are squamous epithelial-lined cavities with variable numbers of skin adnexae in the capsule and are rare entities in the head and neck. We discuss the presentation, possible aetiologies and the surgical management of these lesions and report on the ninth lingual dermoid cyst as an illustrative ...

A large case series on laparoscopic removal of dermoid cysts with a diameter between 3 and 12 cm, via an endobag, is reported (127 cysts in 121 premenopausal women). The incidence of spillage and recurrence rate of laparoscopic ovarian dermoid cystectomy, the duration of the surgical procedure, the length of ...

Dermoid cysts are common tumors resulting from entrapped ectodermal elements at fetal suture lines. Management is conceptually straightforward, with surgical excision of the mass in its entirety without rupture. The conspicuous location and potential scarring from direct excision can be objectionable, particularly in children. The authors describe 2 cases using ...

A 27-year-old nulliparous woman presented with pain in the lower abdomen for six months. She was diagnosed to have bilateral dermoid cysts. Ovarian dermoid tumors can be bilateral in up to 15% of cases. After laparoscopy, we found that she had 7 dermoid cysts on the left side and 2 ...

OBJECTIVES: We report the common surgical approaches, incidence of sinus tracts, and recurrence rates of floor of mouth dysontogenic (epidermoid, dermoid, and teratoid) cysts in the pediatric population. METHODS: Data were derived from PubMed, Medline, Embase, Google Scholar, and manual searches. Three cases from the senior author's (J.P.M.) practice were ...

Nasal dermoid sinus cysts are the most common congenital midline nasal lesion, accounting for 1% to 3% of all dermoid cysts, and 4% to 12% of all head and neck dermoids. Selection of the appropriate reconstruction technique, after dermoid resection, is important for treatment. Here we describe the successful management ...

A dermoid cyst is the result of inclusion of epithelial cells along the lines of embryonic closure. Dermoid cysts of the head neck are uncommon and account for only 7% of all such cysts. They are most often reported as arising in the floor of the mouth. Dermoid cyst is ...

A ten-month-old girl presented to our clinic with a progressively enlarging congenital mass at the midline suprasternal location. Histopathologic examination revealed a benign cyst with stratified squamous keratinized epithelium with numerous eccrine glands in the sinus wall. The diagnosis was compatible with dermoid cyst. Dermoid cysts of the trunk are ...

We present a case of a dermoid cyst located in the round ligament in a patient with a preliminary diagnosis of inguinal hernia. The dermoid cyst was diagnosed based on MRI findings and confirmed histopathologically. Dermoid cyst (mature teratoma) is a congenital cystic tumour formed by the well-developed (mature) tissues ...

Dermoid cysts of the oral cavity are extremely rare. The most common site is the floor of the mouth whereas intralingual location is the most unusual. They may be congenital or acquired and according to their histological appearance they are distinguished in "true" dermoid, epidermoid or teratoid cysts. We present ...

Encephalocele represents one end of the spectrum of open neural tube defects. We report an infant with Chiari type 3 malformation manifesting as infratorcular occipital meningoencephalocele with dermoid cyst. To our knowledge, this is the first time that this association is described. The pathogenesis, surgical treatment, prognosis and management difficulties ...

Background: Lumps arising in the head and neck constitute an important diagnostic category in children. As malignancy in this age group is relatively rare, lumps that are not due to inflammatory or infective causes often prove to be cysts. Correct diagnoses of the different subcutaneous lumps are often missed because ...

OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy of excision of nasal dermoids through a closed rhinoplasty incision. This is the first description of the use of this approach for excision of superficial nasal dermoids. METHODS: Three boys aged five, nine and 12 years presented with midline nasal dermoids with minimal cutaneous involvement. ...

We report an interesting case of multiple intraabdominal dermoids in a patient who had undergone an excision of ovarian dermoid cyst earlier and presented with recurrence of symptoms. She had masses all over the abdominal wall, omentum, and pouch of Douglas and a dermoid cyst in the ovary as well. ...