To perform a pilot study investigating whether the sensitivity and specificity of kinetic parameters can be improved by considering mass and nonmass breast lesions separately. The contrast media uptake and washout kinetics in benign and malignant breast lesions were analyzed using an empirical mathematical model (EMM), and model parameters were ...

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to assess intraobserver and interobserver agreement for tumor vascular network evaluation as assessed by 3-dimensional (3D) power Doppler sonography for discriminating benign from malignant adnexal masses. METHODS: Stored 3D power Doppler angiographic volume data from 39 women with a diagnosis of a vascularized ...

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate differences in contrast enhancement and contrast enhancement kinetics in benign versus malignant ovarian masses with pulse inversion harmonic transvaginal sonography. METHODS: Seventeen consecutive patients with 23 morphologically abnormal ovarian masses (solid or cystic with papillary excrescences, focally thickened walls, or ...

Chronic infection of a seminal vesicle cyst is an extremely rare disorder worldwide. To date, only two cases, which were diagnosed initially by the use of contrast-enhanced CT or non-enhanced MR imaging, have been reported in the literature. We report here a case of a 78-year-old man with chronic infection ...

We present a rare case of a focal intrahepatic extramedullary hematopoiesis (EMH) that mimicked a hypervascular hepatic neoplasm in a 33-year-old woman with idiopathic myelofibrosis. The lesion showed homogeneous and persistent enhancement on both contrast-enhanced CT and gadolinium-enhanced dynamic MR imaging. The lesion did not demonstrate an apparent signal drop ...

BACKGROUND: Accurate evaluation of adnexal masses allows correct surgical procedure, avoiding unnecessary surgery. PURPOSE: To evaluate the accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the diagnosis of malignancy of adnexal lesions. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the pelvic MRI scans of 161 patients with 199 surgically confirmed adnexal masses, ...

OBJECTIVE: Dermoids and epidermoids are defined as ectodermal inclusion cysts. The aim of this study was to evaluate the spontaneous natural behavior and the ultrasonographic appearance of calvarial dermoids and epidermoids. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The ultrasonographic image datasets of 100 consecutive children up to 4 years of age (52 females, ...

The characterization of solid pulmonary lesions with imaging methods remains a diagnostic challenge. The aim of this study was to correlate kinetic parameters of dynamic perfusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with histological tumor classification. Dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI of 31 patients with pulmonary masses (five benign lesions, 26 malignant tumors) was ...

Irrigated (cooled) radiofrequency (RF) ablation has become our primary ablation tool for treating atrial fibrillation, macroreentrant atrial tachycardias, and scar-related ventricular tachycardias. As with any technology that increases ablation lesion size, there is the potential for increased risk. The methods described are a cautious approach to power titration that considers ...

Radiofrequency ablation is the use of low-voltage high-frequency electrical energy to heat and destroy abnormal tissues within the human body. It has gained increasing acceptance as both a primary and secondary form of treatment in the musculoskeletal system because of its excellent safety profile, ease of use, and technical success. ...

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine the sonographic features of Hürthle cell neoplasms (HCNs) of the thyroid. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the sonographic appearance of 15 histologically proven HCNs in 15 patients aged 16 to 70 years (mean age, 44 years). Sonographic features that were reviewed included ...

On state-of-the-art magnetic resonance imaging, most lesions can be detected and characterized with confidence according to well-known criteria. However, atypical characteristics in some common lesions and the incidental encounter with rare lesions may pose diagnostic difficulties. In this article, six challenging hepatic lesions will be discussed and evaluated on the ...

Targeting of index tumours is prerequisite to their radiofrequency ablation. However, small hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) in the liver dome are often invisible on ultrasonography, thus causing difficulty in their targeting. In cases with multinodular HCCs, adjacent HCC lesions with compact iodized oil retention can be used as anatomic landmarks to ...

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to assess the role of power Doppler US in differentiating benign from malignant solid breast masses when used in conjunction with grayscale sonography (US) and the relationship with axillary lymph node metastasis. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Grayscale US of 353 solid lesions was categorized ...

BACKGROUND: Surgical ablation techniques using microwave energy are an alternative to catheter-based ablation therapy in the treatment of atrial fibrillation. We investigate electrical conduction properties of linear lesions after epicardial ablation in a pig model by using an electroanatomic mapping system. METHODS: After medial sternotomy in eight pigs epicardial pacing ...

BACKGROUND: Treatment of bifurcation lesion with a drug-eluting stent (DES) remains problematic. The purpose of this study was to investigate an appropriate treatment strategy for bifurcation lesion with a Sirolimus-eluting stent (SES). METHOD: One-hundred-forty-one patients with 169 bifurcation lesions were treated at three centers in Japan using a Sirolimus-eluting stent. ...

We sought to identify correlates of 30-day adverse events among patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) of saphenous vein grafts (SVG). Although the use of distal embolic protection devices during SVG intervention reduces major adverse cardiac events (MACE), many patients still experience MACE despite distal embolic protection, and the major ...

A fully automated software is introduced to facilitate MR mammography (MRM) examinations and overcome subjectiveness in diagnosis using normalized maximum intensity-time ratio (nMITR) maps. These maps inherently suppress enhancements due to normal parenchyma and blood vessels that surround lesions and have natural tolerance to small field inhomogeneities and motion artifacts. ...

BACKGROUND: Recently, stent fracture (SF) of sirolimus-eluting stents (SES) has been shown to be associated with an increased risk of in-stent restenosis. We sought to evaluate the incidence, predictors and clinical outcome of SF after SES implantation in comparable unselected lesions. METHODS: A total of 430 lesions of 382 patients ...

OBJECTIVE: The objective of our study was to compare the usefulness of contrast-enhanced sonography with baseline sonography in detecting malignant liver lesions. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: This prospective study included 116 patients. All patients underwent a preoperative conventional sonography examination followed by sonography after injection of contrast agent combined with the ...

We evaluated the usefulness of contrast-enhanced harmonic gray scale sonography with a newly developed sonographic contrast medium as a means of guidance for percutaneous ablation therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma lesions not detected by conventional sonography. We examined 85 patients with 108 hepatocellular carcinoma lesions that were identified as hypervascular by ...

Tumor vascularity is an important factor that has been shown to correlate with tumor malignancy and was demonstrated as a prognostic indicator for a wide range of cancers. Three-dimensional (3-D) power Doppler ultrasound (PDUS) offers a convenient tool for investigators to inspect the signals of blood flow and vascular structures ...

Contrast-enhanced ultrasound was used to study focal and multifocal lesions of the spleen in 26 dogs and two cats affected by 11 benign and 18 malignant splenic diseases. A second-generation microbubble contrast medium (Sonovue) was injected into the cephalic vein and enhancement patterns were subjectively described and time intensity curves ...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the geometry in bifurcation using intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) analysis. METHODS: We performed quantitative three-dimensional IVUS analysis of 31 true bifurcation lesions and 30 angiographically normal bifurcation segments including the main and side branches as well as parent vessel. RESULTS: The external elastic membrane (EEM) area changed significantly ...

PURPOSE: Doppler Perfusion Index (DPI) has been used in the detection of overt liver metastatic disease. In the present prospective study we evaluated the use of DPI in the differential diagnosis of liver tumours. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We have included in our study 76 patients with focal hepatic lesion and ...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the contribution of power Doppler ultrasonography (PDUS) to breast imaging reporting and data system ultrasonography (BI-RADS US) categorization of solid breast masses. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Totally 94 solid lesions with histopathological results in 49 patients were included in the study. US features of the lesions were classified ...

BACKGROUND: Seborrheic keratoses (SKs) are benign cutaneous tumors of the epidermis. Localization in the head and neck areas can produce an unsightly appearance. Recurrence after curettage, shave excision, cryoablation, or chemical peel can be common. OBJECTIVE: The objective was to determine if laser ablation with the 532-nm laser and color ...

BACKGROUND: Left ventricular dyssynchrony is often diagnosed by comparing velocity curves from Doppler tissue images of two or more myocardial regions. Velocity curves are generated by placing sample volumes or regions of interest (ROIs) within the myocardium. ROIs need to be manually relocated to maintain a midmyocardial location as the ...

PURPOSE: To evaluate the diagnostic value of breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in small focal lesions using dynamic analysis based on unsupervised vector quantization in combination with a score for morphologic criteria. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We examined 85 mammographically indetermintate lesions (BIRADS 3-4; 47 malignant, mean lesion size 1.2 cm; ...

OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to determine the significance of small hypervascular enhancing lesions exclusively on the arterial phase images of dynamic computed tomography in cirrhotic liver. METHODS: One hundred sixty-nine enhancing lesions (>5 and <30 mm) on the arterial phase images of dynamic computed tomography in 67 patients with cirrhotic ...

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the intratumoral reliability of color Doppler parameters and the contribution of Doppler sonography to the gray-scale differential diagnosis of ovarian masses. METHODS: An observational study was performed including 67 patients, 15 (22.4%) with malignant ovarian neoplasm and 52 (77.6%) with benign ovarian diseases. We performed the Doppler ...

BACKGROUND: The sirolimus-eluting stent (SES) has dramatically reduced the rate of restenosis in comparison to that with the bare-metal stent (BMS). In previous studies, the minimal luminal diameter (MLD) of lesions treated with a BMS was shown to improve from 6 months to 1 year. METHODS: To evaluate 6-month and ...

PURPOSE: To determine whether sonography can be an alternative method to nerve conduction study (NCS) in the diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS), by comparing sonography with nerve conduction study using clinical diagnosis as the reference standard. METHODS: Forty-one wrists of 29 patients were enrolled, along with the same number ...

OBJECTIVE: Doppler sonography is not commonly used in evaluation of cystic lesions with internal echoes. Here we report the use of the mechanical properties of color Doppler sonography to further characterize 3 spermatoceles. METHODS: Three patients who came to University of California San Francisco Imaging Center with painless unilateral scrotal ...

OBJECTIVES: This study sought to evaluate the long-term prognostic value of the number and sites of calcified coronary lesions and to compare the accuracy of number of calcified lesions with the extent of total calcium score. BACKGROUND: There is a strong relationship between mortality and total coronary artery calcium (CAC) ...

BACKGROUND: Previous studies have demonstrated similar efficacy of the drug-eluting stent (DES) in patients with and without calcified lesions. However, most of the randomized trials have excluded patients with severe calcified lesions. This study aimed to examine the impact of lesion calcium on clinical and angiographic outcome after sirolimus-eluting stent ...

BACKGROUND: The shape of the induced thermal ablation area is as important as its dimension. The aim of this study was to analyze the size reproducibility and the aspect of the interstitial ultrasonic ablation obtained by a planar transducer in porcine liver in vivo. METHODS: Five pigs were used. Two ...

Xanthogranulomatous epididymitis is an uncommon non-neoplastic process with destruction of tissue and replacement by striking cellular infiltration of foamy macrophages, dense lymphocytes and plasma cells. We report on a 72-year-old man with a clinical history of inadequately treated arterial hypertension, who presented with a right scrotal mass associated with right ...

PURPOSE: To assess the relationship between lesion size and MR imaging findings of pathologically-proven hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). MATERIALS AND METHODS: In a retrospective, single-center study, 37 consecutive patients were identified between 1999 and 2005 that underwent preoperative MRI and surgical resection of HCC. A total of 47 lesions (mean size ...

OBJECTIVES: To compare the accuracy of transvaginal sonography (TVS) and rectal endoscopic sonography (RES) for the diagnosis of deep infiltrating endometriosis (DIE), with respect to surgical and histological findings. METHODS: This was a longitudinal study of 81 consecutive patients referred for surgical management of DIE, who underwent both TVS and ...

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine whether contrast enhancement features on 3D volumetric gradient-recalled echoMR images allow differentiation of benign from malignant solitary pulmonary nodules. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty patients with solitary pulmonary nodules (range of greatest diameter, 7-40 mm) detected on CT underwent unenhanced MRI and ...

PURPOSE: To retrospectively compare the kinetic and morphologic characteristics of pure ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) lesions depicted on dynamic contrast material-enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) images with the nuclear grade and conventional mammographic appearance of these lesions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This HIPAA-compliant retrospective study was institutional review board approved, and ...

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the study was to quantify placental hypoechoic areas without blood flow by means of second trimester high-resolution ultrasound with power color Doppler and to evaluate its relationship to pregnancy outcome. METHODS: Patients referred for second trimester ultrasound from January 2001 to December 2003 were eligible for ...

Background: The objective was to determine the parameters to making a sizable, controlled lesion deep within the treated tissue using high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU). High HIFU intensities allow for rapid temperature rises in tissue used for tumor ablation. Methods: Various experiments were conducted manipulating amplitude and treatment time to produce ...

INTRODUCTION: Radiofrequency (RF) and cryoenergy are largely considered independent modalities for the transcatheter ablation of cardiac arrhythmias. There are numerous theoretical advantages to engineering a system capable of delivering both energy forms. METHODS AND RESULTS: We designed a hybrid steerable catheter capable of delivering RF and cryoenergy independently, sequentially, and ...

PURPOSE: To evaluate the role of gray-scale and color Doppler sonography to distinguish uterine leiomyosarcoma (LMS) from leiomyoma (LM). METHODS: We analyzed the preoperative gray-scale and color Doppler sonographic findings of 8 patients with LMS, 21 patients with cellular leiomyomas, and 3 patients with smooth muscle tumors of uncertain malignant ...

BACKGROUND: The peripheral enhancement of small hepatocellular carcinoma (SHCC) is a rare appearance in dual phase images by helical computed tomography (CT). This study discusses this phenomenon and its correlative histopathology. METHODS: The helical CT dual phase appearance of peripheral enhancement in SHCC was analyzed in 21 cases (22 lesions). ...

Similar to the surgical mini-maze procedure, the posterior "box" lesion set employs linear ablation lesions along the anterior aspects of both sets of PVs connected by a roof line and an inferior line to electrically isolate the PVs and complete posterior LA wall en masse. However, creating fully transmural linear ...

We present a case of an 18-year-old woman with recurrent bilateral giant fibroadenomas that were evaluated by mammography and sonography with color Doppler. Imaging revealed solid lobulated masses with significant internal vascularity occupying most of each breast; this evaluation suggested a differential diagnosis of giant fibroadenoma versus phyllodes tumor. The ...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) with SonoVue could differentiate malignant focal liver lesions (FLLs) from benign lesions and provide lesion type diagnoses. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Four hundred fifty-six patients with 554 FLLs were examined by CEUS with SonoVue using low mechanical index, nonlinear imaging techniques. Each lesion was ...