OBJECTIVE: To analyse the positive predictive value of ultrasonography based on the results of post-mortem investigations in respect of the most common malformations. STUDY DESIGN: We processed the details of 683 cases affecting the nervous, cardiovascular, urinary and skeletal systems, and the abdominal/thoracic walls. RESULTS: In four of the investigated ...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the significance of abnormal squamous cells (ASCs) in urinary cytology to clarify whether finding of ASCs could improve diagnostic accuracy. A total of 3,812 urine specimens were reviewed. We focused on three parameters of ASCs, necrotic debris, and ASC clusters, and linked ...

Lesion segmentation involves outlining the contour of an abnormality on an image to distinguish boundaries between normal and abnormal tissue and is essential to track malignant and benign disease in medical imaging for clinical, research, and treatment purposes. A laser optical mouse and a graphics tablet were used by radiologists ...

Our objective was to assess the accuracy of computed tomographic virtual cystoscopy (CTVC) in the detection of urinary bladder lesions. Twenty-five patients were examined using CTVC. Bladder scanned using multislice CT at a slice thickness of 1 mm. The data were transferred to a workstation for interactive navigation using surface ...

to assess the role of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in the characterization of focal liver lesions (FLLs) incidentally discovered but indeterminate at gray-scale ultrasound (US). one hundred forty-two consecutive patients with 174 FLLs (169 benign and 5 malignant) incidentally discovered but indeterminate at gray-scale US, underwent CEUS after the administration of ...

Spontaneous bladder rupture is a rare condition, with diagnosis more rare in the prenatal than postnatal period. To our knowledge, there have been 7 cases of prenatally diagnosed bladder ruptures and all have been males. We report the first case of prenatal diagnosis of spontaneous bladder rupture in a female ...

We discuss the case of synchronous bilateral lung cancers which feature the same histological phenotype and a different EGFR mutational profile. Both histological and molecular characterizations were performed on specimens derived thorough CT-guided fine needle aspiration. A first-line chemotherapy was unsuccessful. Subsequent objective response to the EGFR inhibitor Erlotinib was ...

We present a case report of diffuse polypoid lesions of the digestive tract in which multiple endoscopic techniques (upper endoscopy, colonoscopy, and capsule endoscopy) were performed in order to complete and refine the diagnosis in a patient with severe hypogammaglobulinemia with recurrent infections, bronchiectasies and diffuse nodular lymphoid hyperplasia of ...

A 25-year-old woman was referred to our clinic for atypical cyclic pain and masses at both ends of a Pfannenstiel incision scar. Ultrasound of the anterior abdominal wall showed two masses. Both masses were hypoechoic, heterogeneous lesions located at opposite ends of the scar. The lesions were surgically excised with. ...

Patients with clinically mild encephalitis/encephalopathy with a reversible splenial lesion present with relatively mild central nervous system disturbances. Although the exact etiology of the condition remains poorly understood, it is thought to be associated with infective agents. We present a case of a patient with mild encephalitis/encephalopathy with a reversible ...

Ex vivo photographic temperature mapping of bipolar radiofrequency (RF) lesions in animal tissue is performed over a wide range of electrode tip spacings, tip lengths, tip diameters, tip temperatures, and lesion times. In vivo temperature measurements collected during clinical treatment of sacroiliac joint (SIJ) pain corroborate those collected ex vivo. ...

A 30-year-old man presented to the Department of Surgery with a painful groin swelling on right side. Exploration revealed a reddish-blue hemangiomatous mass in the scrotum extending through inguinal canal into the retroperitoneum. On further dissection swelling was found to be originating from right external iliac vein. The swelling was ...

Duplication cysts are rare gastrointestinal congenital abnormalities and can occur anywhere within the gastrointestinal tract. Duplication cysts are firmly attached to or share the wall of the alimentary tract and have a common blood supply with the adjacent segment of the bowel. Completely isolated duplication cysts are an extremely rare ...

Melanomas within the alimentary tract are usually metastatic in origin. On the other hand, primary melanomas of the gastrointestinal tract are relatively uncommon. There are several published reports of melanomas occurring in the esophagus, stomach, small bowel, and anorectum. The occurrence of primary melanoma of the colon has, however, only ...

Congenital anomalies of the male urogenital tract are common. Some lesions like posterior urethral valve or anterior urethral diverticulum tend to present early in infancy and are often easily diagnosed on conventional contrast voiding cystourethrograms. Other conditions like posterior urethral diverticulum or utricle can be relatively asymptomatic and therefore present ...

To investigate two distinct clinical phenotypes of reflux esophagitis and intra-hernial ulcer (Cameron lesions) in patients with large hiatal hernias. A case series study was performed with 16 831 patients who underwent diagnostic esophagogastroduodenoscopy for 2 years at an academic referral center. A hiatus diameter ≥ 4 cm was defined ...

A detailed picture of the prevalence and distribution of abdomino-pelvic endometriosis in more that 1,500 cases of endometriosis stage IV is presented. A great prevalence of endometriotic localizations in the posterior pelvic compartment compared to the other quadrants with more frequently observed lesions on the left part of the pelvis ...

I. Sternberg, R. Rona, S. Olsfanger, S. Lew and I. Leibovitch The clinical significance of class III (suspicious) urine cytology Background:  Urine cytology, combined with cystoscopy, is the mainstay of the diagnosis and surveillance of urothelial carcinoma (UC). While classes I and II urine cytology are considered benign and classes ...

Large bladder masses are typically found to be malignant in nature. We present a case of a large bladder neck mass as a result of previous imprecise collagen injection for urethral bulking. The patient was successfully treated as an outpatient with transurethral excision of the collagen mass combined with post-operative ...

What's known on the subject? and What does the study add? Inverted lesions of the urinary bladder comprise a spectrum of changes ranging from von Brunn's nests to inverted urothelial carcinoma. Differentiating these lesions is important because their proper clinical management and their expected clinical outcomes are distinctly different. In ...

BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: Although the pathological categorization system advocated by the International Working Party (IWP) on Terminology has been helpful in categorizing benign hepatocellular lesions, the diverse clinicopathological features of the lesions still cause confusion of diagnosis in clinical settings. Recently, an integrated disease concept termed "anomalous portal tract syndrome" (APTS) has ...

Traditionally, a core biopsy diagnosis of radial scar will prompt diagnostic surgery because of the risk of associated malignancy. However, in the absence of atypia, the risk of malignancy is low. The recent introduction of the mammotome device facilitates vacuum-assisted large-volume sampling of a lesion, such that a benign diagnosis ...

To analyse the kinetic characteristics of lesions without mass effect in dynamic breast MRI using manual and computer assisted methods. The enhancement pattern of 82 histopathologically verified lesions without mass effect (36 malignant, 46 benign) was evaluated on breast MRI using manual placement of a region of interest. Commercially available ...

The purpose of this study was to accurately evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of combined detection of ascitic fluid alpha-L: -fucosidase (AFU) and cholesterol (TCH) compared with that of their individual detection. We assayed ascitic AFU activity by colorimetry and TCH level by CHOD-PAP method simultaneously in all 213 cases. Then, ...

Enhancement characteristics of breast lesions are regarded as a major criterion for their differential diagnosis in dynamic breast MRI (bMRI). However, ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) exhibits a highly heterogeneous enhancement pattern when kinetic analysis is performed conventionally by manual placement of region of interest (ROI) and therefore its diagnosis ...

Magnifying colonoscopy with indigo carmine dye and the analysis of the capillary and the pit patterns by computed virtual chromoendoscopy (Fujinon Intelligent Color Enhancement, FICE) with magnification are effective for the differential diagnosis of neoplastic and non-neoplastic lesions. This study aimed to compare the accuracy of virtual and real chromoendoscopy ...

To determine the efficacy of urine cytology as a diagnostic tool and in follow-up of patients with urinary bladder cancer. From 951 cases, 1,831 urine specimens were collected in a 5-year period (2000-2004). Six hundred fifty-two cases were suspected to have primary bladder cancer and formed the basis of the ...

Aims Corticosteroids attenuate late growth of radiofrequency (RF) lesions in the thigh muscle of infant rats. We sought to assess the impact of these drugs on the late growth of RF lesions in immature swine myocardium and to determine the electroanatomical mapping (EAM) characteristics of these lesions. Methods and results ...

Ionizing radiation produces a distinctive pattern of bistranded clustered lesions in DNA. A relatively low number of clustered lesions may be lethal to cells when compared to a larger number of single lesions. Enzyme cleavage experiments suggest that the orientation of bistranded lesions causes differential recognition and removal of these ...

Prenatal diagnosis of a true knot of the umbilical cord is often an incidental observation at ultrasound with a difficult differential diagnosis between true and false knots. Furthermore, little is known about the optimal management of these cases. We report the importance of color Doppler and four-dimensional ultrasound for the ...

Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography with perflubutane microbubbles improves the diagnostic accuracy to differentiate benign and malignant focal liver lesions in dogs. Perflubutane microbubbles-enhanced ultrasonography is useful for differentiation of benign from malignant focal splenic lesions in dogs. Twenty-nine clinical dogs with single or multiple focal splenic lesions detected by conventional ultrasonography. Prospective ...

To compare the diagnostic performance of computerised quantification with visual assessment for the detection of significant coronary stenosis using MDCT, and to determine the impact of plaque composition on diagnostic procedure. We retrospectively evaluated 1564 coronary segments of 127 patients who underwent 64-slice MDCT and quantitative coronary angiography (QCA). The ...

We present the case of a 64-year-old female with a periadrenal paraganglioma. The mass was diagnosed during abdominal ultrasonography performed to investigate right flank pain. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a lesion 48mm in diameter with an irregular hyperintense central margin, thickened septa, centrally located cystic component, and contrast enhancing peripheral ...

The purpose of this study was to assess the diagnostic accuracy of our early experience with contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in the characterisation of focal liver lesions (FLLs) using histopathology, contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or other imaging follow-up as the standard of reference. Seventy-three patients with 82 ...

Diagnosis of pilomatrixomas may be difficult because they can mimic other clinical conditions. Color Doppler ultrasound had been proven useful in the study of localized lesions of the skin and can both define lesion morphology and determine blood flow changes in real time, and may thus help differentiate primary from ...

The purpose of this study was to compare the capability of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) and contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) in evaluating the vascularity of liver metastases. Both CEUS and CECT examinations were performed on 70 patients with liver metastases, which were from colon carcinoma in 31, rectal carcinoma in 17, ...

We assessed the role of the unenhanced helical computed tomography (UHCT) for prediction of concurrent ureteral lesions associated with small impacted stones presenting in distal ureter. From May 2004 to June 2009, we evaluated 30 cases with impacted distal ureteral stones <5 mm. All of the patients were evaluated with ...

We present a case of a 49-year-old man who presented with a solitary atypical pigmented lesion with a surrounding halo of dermatitis. Dermoscopy showed a pigment network at the periphery with areas of scar-like depigmentation, negative pigment network and erythema. The lesion was treated preoperatively with a potent topical corticosteroid ...

The whole-heart coronary artery calcium (CAC) score has poor predictive value for obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD). We hypothesized that vessel- and lesion-specific CAC scores are more accurate. To evaluate the usefulness of vessel- and lesion-specific CAC in predicting obstructive CAD and to assess the incremental value added by the ...

Contemporary management of coronary artery disease relies increasingly on percutaneous techniques combined with medical therapy. Although percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) can be performed successfully in most lesions, several difficult lesion subsets continue to present unique technical challenges. These complex lesions may be classified according to anatomic criteria, including extensive calcification, ...

To assess the inter/intraobserver variability of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) measurements in treated hepatic lesions and to compare ADC measurements in the whole lesion and in the area with the most restricted diffusion (MRDA). Twenty-five patients with treated malignant liver lesions were examined on a 3.0T machine. After agreeing on ...

Although the provisional stenting technique to treat coronary bifurcation lesions is the preferred method, many bifurcation lesions still require a two-stent technique to optimize the result and clinical outcome. This manuscript summarizes the tips and tricks of bifurcation stenting with cases illustrations. As interventionists are encountering more complex and difficult ...

To describe a case of urachal adenocarcinoma with late brain metastases in a sixty one year old man who presented abdominal discomfort and hematuria during six months. The clinical suspicion was bladder tumor and diagnostic studies were performed (urinary cytology, cystoscopy, abdominal ultrasound and abdominopelvic CT scan). Surgical treatment was ...

Electrode tissue contact, radiofrequency (RF) power and duration are major determinants of RF lesion size. Since contact forces (CF) vary in the beating heart, we evaluated contact force-time integral (FTI) as a predictor of lesion size at constant RF power in a contractile bench model simulating the beating heart. An ...

Aims We investigated whether three-dimensional (3D) and two-dimensional quantitative coronary angiography (2D-QCA) measurements differed in their accuracy in predicting reduced fractional flow reserve (FFR), and how this varied with stenosis severity and the FFR cut-off used. Methods and results Three-dimensional and 2D-QCA were compared in their measurements of minimum luminal ...

We report three rare cases of sclerosing angiomatoid nodular transformation (SANT) in the spleen. We compared the conventional and contrast-enhanced ultrasonographic appearance. The conventional sonographic examinations exhibited solitary lesions without common respects, while contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) revealed nodular appearance mimicking its pathologic characteristics. It suggests that CEUS can provide morphologic ...

Hypointense rims peripherally on T2-weighted MRI (rim lesions) have been associated with gadolinium ring-enhancing lesions in multiple sclerosis (MS) in pathological studies. However, little is known about their frequency, we analyzed clinical significance in a cohort of MS sufferers according to routine clinical practice. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed all available ...

Acute idiopathic scrotal edema (AISE) is an important differential diagnosis in children presenting with an acute scrotum. Sonography plays an important role in excluding testicular torsion, epididymitis, and torsion of a testicular appendage and confirming the diagnosis of AISE. The purpose of this series was to evaluate the relevance of ...

Directional atherectomy (DA) has become popular in some centers to remove atherosclerotic plaques in femoro-popliteal lesions. Although immediate and also short - term outcome data are promising, solid long-term data are warranted to justify the widespread use in daily practice. In this prospective study de novo and restenotic lesions of ...

We sought to evaluate the contemporary use of embolic protection devices (EPDs) in saphenous vein graft (SVG) interventions. We examined EPD use in the stenting of saphenous vein grafts (SOS) trial, in which 80 patients with 112 lesions in 88 SVGs were randomized to a bare metal stent (39 patients, ...