Although prominent vascular proliferation is a known feature of various neuroendocrine tumors, it has not been systematically studied in Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) of the skin. The purpose of this study was to fully characterize the light microscopic, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural features of vascular changes associated with MCC and to ...

BACKGROUND AND METHODOLOGY: Vascular lesions of the uterus are rare but pose difficult management decisions. We reviewed the cases of four patients who presented with vascular uterine lesions following early pregnancy loss at the Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK in 2006. RESULTS: All four patients had signs on colour ...

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: After studying this article, the participant should be able to: 1. Understand the nomenclature and classification system of vascular malformations. 2. Evaluate these patients diagnostically. 3. Outline the surgical and nonsurgical options for treating these lesions. SUMMARY: Vascular anomalies can be classified into two unique groups-hemangiomas and vascular ...

BACKGROUND: Hemangiomas are the most common tumors in infancy and childhood and account for 7% of benign soft tissue tumors. Diagnosis is usually made in infancy or childhood. There are only a few reports on the surgical treatment of these lesions, likely because the lesions are quite vascular, have a ...

Enzymes of the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) family regulate angiogenesis and are involved in the endochondral ossification process. Tibial dyschondroplasia (TD) and rickets are 2 disorders associated with impairments in this process, mainly in the vascularization of the avian growth plate. In this paper, we induced TD and rickets and studied ...

A 57-year-old woman with a solitary nodule in the left lung underwent a wedge resection, which resulted in total removal of the tumor. Pathological examination confirmed it to be a pulmonary sclerosing hemangioma. The patient did not receive any postoperative adjuvant therapies. Ten years later, a nodule reappeared at the ...

OBJECTIVE: To describe a previously unreported condition of the neonatal larynx. DESIGN: Case series of 4 neonates with an uncommon laryngeal lesion. SETTING: Tertiary care children's hospital. PATIENTS: Four neonates in the first 10 days of life with stridor, hoarseness, and respiratory distress. INTERVENTION: The patients were examined using flexible ...

We present a 40-year-old woman who presented to the genitourinary medicine department with a two-year history of recurrent non-painful vulval lumps. She was in a stable relation with one male sexual partner over the preceding 20 years and her sexual health screen was negative. Clinical examination of these lumps was ...

Angiokeratoma is a benign vascular lesion. It is the result of dilation of ectatic subdermal vessels and congested capillaries. Weakness of the vessel walls, either from acquired or congenital reasons, can cause formation of the lesion. Angiokeratoma is more common in males, in whom it forms on the scrotal wall. ...

Verrucous hemangioma (VH) is a hyperkeratotic lesion usually presenting in infancy, occurring primarily on the extremities. We report a 5-year-old boy with VH in the glans penis and discuss briefly the hyperkeratotic vascular stains, which constitute a heterogenous group. During a 7-year follow-up, the patient received various local treatments, but ...

This review evaluates changes in vascular nomenclature particularly in the category of vascular tumours of intermediate malignancy that includes the various haemangioendotheliomas, Kaposi's sarcoma and giant cell angioblastoma. Recently described entities in this category, including the latter tumour and composite haemangioendothelioma, are described. Several newly characterized vascular tumours not included ...

BACKGROUND: Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a new non-invasive approach for real-time in vivo tissue characterization. A promising use of OCT can be the assessment of the architecture of lesions with some degree of inhomogeneities, such as vascular lesions. Knowledge of the size and depth of the vascular structures can ...

Mondor's disease (MD) is considered an inflammatory condition of superficial vasculitis that develops mainly in the anterolateral thoracoabdominal wall. The pathogenesis of the disease has been controversial, however, because of the lack of histopathologic methods for differentiating between the small vein and the lymphatic vessel. To objectively examine the origin ...

Pulmonary vascular malformations have historically been diagnosed in a wide range of age groups, but the extensive use of prenatal imaging studies has resulted in the majority of lesions being diagnosed in utero. Among this group of lesions, bronchopulmonary sequestrations (BPS), hybrid lesions with both congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation (CCAM) ...

Pediatric vascular lesions can be medically threatening and psychologically distressing to patients. This article reviews literature on the laser treatment of two common pediatric vascular lesions, port wine stains and hemangiomas. The purpose of this report was to distinguish the lesions from one another and to present the advantages, disadvantages, ...

Vascular malformations are localized or diffuse errors of embryonic development resulting in collections of abnormal vessels with normal endothelium. Many authors have pointed out the confusing terminology of vascular anomalies that has led to improper diagnosis and therapy. This still remains confused in clinical practice, especially in cases occurring at ...

Vascular birthmarks can be classified into hemangioma and vascular malformations. Hemangioma are frequent tumours of early infancy demonstrating endothelial hyperplasia, a history of rapid neonatal growth and slow involution during later childhood. Treatment of hemangioma is dependent of stage and type of the lesion. Given the current availability of drugs, ...

BACKGROUND: Proteus syndrome is a rare, sporadic overgrowth disorder for which the underlying genetic defect remains unknown. Although the clinical course is well-described there is no systematic histopathological description of the lesional pathology. OBJECTIVE: To describe the histopathological features encountered in a series of patients with Proteus syndrome from a ...

Hobnail hemangioma (HH) was known in the past as targetoid hemosiderotic hemangioma (THH). We present a case that meets the criteria of HH in a 34-year-old woman. The lesion presented as a reddish papule on her left hip. It changed periodically during menstruation and the changes included. The biopsy showed ...

This article provides a detailed review of the vascular manifestations affecting the skin in relationship to internal malignancies. Vascular abnormalities heralding internal malignancies can be divided into three main categories, consisting of disorders related to vascular dilatation (flushing, palmar erythema, and telangiaectasia), and disorders related to vascular occlusion or hypercoagulability ...

Angiosarcoma of the femoral artery is an extremely rare malignant vascular tumor. The initial diagnosis is difficult to establish and distal metastasis can sometimes be the only presenting symptom. In this paper, we report the case of a 54-year-old man who presented with multiple painful necrotic lesions over the right ...

Snapping hip, or coxa saltans, is defined as a clinical condition where a usually painful, audible snap occurs during hip flexion and extension. Its causes can be divided into external, internal or intra-articular origin. Accurate diagnosis is a prerequisite to successful treatment. We report a rare cause of snapping hip ...

We describe a case of Dabska tumor (DT) occurring within a large congenital lymphangioma circumscriptum on the thigh of a 14-year-old female. Diagnostic biopsy showed numerous intravascular papillary projections lined by atypical endothelial cells within the anastomosing vascular channels of a lymphangioma circumscriptum. DT is regarded as a vascular tumor ...

Vascular skin lesions in children are common, but their management is complicated by the ongoing use of inappropriate and often misleading terms. Inaccurate explanations of the diagnosis and progression of these lesions may cause unnecessary distress. This study describes an audit of vascular lesions in children from one center in ...

OBJECTIVE: To determine if videodermatoscopy (VD), by evaluation of superficial vascular patterns, may be helpful in the diagnosis of psoriasis in a series of subjects affected by palmar and/or plantar dermatoses with no readily apparent diagnostic features. METHOD: Thirty-two subjects (12 male/20 female, mean age 50 years, range 20-72 years) ...

A nine-year-old child presented with melena and anemia. She had similar symptoms five months earlier and had undergone an extensive workup with upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and colonoscopy, both normal and 99m-Tc-RBC-scintigraphy which was positive in the right lower quadrant. This time, capsule endoscopy was performed and disclosed an hemangioma with ...

An 8-year-old boy presented with a lifelong history of a vascular mass overlying his right mandible with central coarse telangiectasias and peripheral pallor. Histopathologic examination showed a proliferation of blood vessels in the dermis. Ultrasound examination identified a mix of high- and low-flow vessels within the lesion. These findings were ...

Urethral hemangiomas are benign vascular tumors that are found in perimontanal prostatic localization and less frequently in the urethra. Although different urethral procedures have been postulated for its treatment, the best results are achieved using lasers. A patient who underwent endoscopic holmium laser treatment for such hemangiomas is presented. Total ...

Pulmonary epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (PEH) is a rare vascular tumor of low-grade malignancy, the prognosis of which remains unpredictable. Surgical and/or chemotherapeutic options have to be evaluated depending on intrathoracic tumor spread and systemic metastases. Three cases of PEH with both clinical and pathological findings are herein summarized and the relevant ...

BACKGROUND: Small-intestinal vascular lesions observed by endoscopy vary in appearance. Angioectasia is a venous lesion that requires cauterization; a Dieulafoy's lesion and arteriovenous malformation may cause arterial bleeding, which requires clipping or laparotomy. For selection of the appropriate treatment, it is necessary to distinguish between venous and arterial lesions. PATIENTS ...

Angiosarcoma is a rare malignant neoplasm of the vascular or lymphatic endothelium. Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage is a rare presenting manifestation of angiosarcoma. We describe a case of pulmonary metastasis of angiosarcoma who presented with diffuse alveolar hemorrhage as initial manifestation.

OBJECTIVE: Vulvar hemangioma is an extremely rare pathology in adult women causing sexual dysfunction, pain, and cosmetic problems requiring therapeutic intervention. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We present a case of an isolated giant vulvar cavernous hemangioma with a 2-year history that macroscopically seemed to be a vulvar varicosis but was actually ...

Haemangiomas are vascular lesions resulting from abnormal proliferation of blood vessels. They are the most common pediatric neoplasm. Kasabach-Merritt syndrome is a rare type of vascular lesion with peculiar characteristics. The diagnosis is based upon three basic findings; enlarging haemangioma, thrombocytopenia and consumption coagulopathy. A 5 month old boy was ...

Intracranial capillary hemangiomas are very rare, though several spinal capillary hemangiomas have recently been reported. We report here a case of intracranial capillary hemangioma with multiple cysts and review the current literature of similar cases. A 4-month-old girl was referred to our hospital for treatment of hydrocephalus and a cerebellar ...

Vascular benign lesions are the most common non-hematological splenic primary tumors. Although rare they may sometimes pose problems in differential diagnosis, because of their morphologic heterogeneity. We present vascular lesions of the spleen, which were found in archive of the Chair of Pathomorphology. Immunohistochemistry including CD34, CD31, factor VIII, CD8, ...

BACKGROUND: The Q-switched laser is the treatment of choice when attempting to improve dermal pigmented lesions. However, purpura and dyspigmentation are frequently observed after treatment. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy and complications of the Q-switched alexandrite laser when delivered with versus without compression in the treatment of dermal pigmented lesions. ...

BACKGROUND: Alopecia areata is loss of hair from localized or diffuse areas of hair-bearing area of the skin. Recently there are reports of efficacy of the 308-nm excimer radiation for this condition. OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of the 308-nm excimer laser in the treatment of alopecia areata. MATERIALS AND ...

Hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is a familial, autosomal, dominant, multi-system, vascular, dysplasia. Besides repetitive epistaxis, cutaneous eruptive macules and nodules lead to recurring bleeding and cosmetic problems. We report on a pilot study of four cases of HHT in which cutaneous lesions were treated with a pulsed neodymium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Nd:YAG) laser ...

Cerebral cavernous malformation are congenital vascular abnormalities that have been reported in 0.4% of the population; they represent 5-13% of all cerebrovascular malformations. Onset of cerebral cavernous malformations may be associated with seizures, intracranial hemorrhages, focal neurological deficit or migraine-type headaches. Some patients may require surgical intervention due to hemorrhage. ...

We present a 53-year-old female suffering from familial adenomatous polyposis, who was found to have a positive nodus, lateral to the hilus of the left lung, on routine FDG-PET scan. This lesion was found to be a sclerosing hemangioma. We found an aberrant beta-catenin expression on immunohistochemical staining, suggesting that ...

Vascular malformations or even hemangiomas need therapeutic intervention if they start to cause clinical symptoms or personal discomfort. Different therapeutic modalities, including cryotherapy, corticosteroids, laser therapy, sclerotherapy, surgery, and/or embolization, can be performed successfully. Sclerotherapy with monoethanolamine is a relatively simple and effective method to treat low flow vascular lesions. ...

BACKGROUND: Xanthelasma palpebrarum (xanthelasma) is a common disease involving the eyelids. It consists of yellowish plaques of esterified cholesterol situated in the middle and superficial layers of the dermis. Many techniques, including laser treatments, have been proposed to destroy these lesions. A preliminary study demonstrated the efficacy of 1064-nm Q-switched ...

Vascular malformations of the ventricular system are rare, and their clinical and radiologic characteristics vary depending on the location of the lesions. Many types are described, but a comprehensive summary is lacking. Herein, we add two cases to the literature and review known types of ventricular vascular malformations. One case ...

Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma was initially described in 1979 and is a rare pediatric vascular tumor that may be associated with Kasabach-Merrit phenomenon. We present a newborn boy who had a large vascular lesion over his left iliac crest without evidence of retroperitoneal involvement or inguinal lymphadenopathy. We briefly review the neoplasm's ...

BACKGROUND: Most cutaneous hemangiomas involute spontaneously. However, the lesion existing on the face poses a cosmetic problem while waiting for involution. CASE REPORTS: Three hemangioma cases were treated by repeated local injection of 5% ethanolamine oleate solution. The lesions flattened and markedly reduced in size as shown by clinical and ...

Management of unresolved hemangiomas and venous malformations is a real challenging problem because of their grotesque nature and aesthetic considerations. In our study we have used percutaneous injection of N-butyl cyanoacrylate (NBCA) in such lesions to make these lesions amenable to easy excision. When the NBCA comes in contact with ...

Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF-1) is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by skin tumours derived from peripheral nerves. It is a clinically diagnosed disorder of a mainly cosmetic concern. There are different excision modalities for treatment of cutaneous neurofibromas; however, none is considered to be universally accepted treatment. This study was ...

Patients frequently seek treatment of cutaneous vascular lesions for both medical and cosmetic reasons. Advances in the use of lasers and light sources enable physicians to effectively treat vascular lesions that were previously untreatable. Given the plethora of devices available, selecting the appropriate laser system and treatment parameters can be ...

Lobular capillary hemangioma (pyogenic granuloma) is a common vascular proliferation that typically occurs in the superficial dermis, although rarely a subcutaneous form has been reported. Although these lesions are considered benign, localized recurrence after excision and satellite spread of the lesions are known phenomena. A case of lobular capillary hemangioma ...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: In dermatology, the pulsed dye laser (PDL) is the therapeutic instrument of choice for treating most superficial cutaneous vascular lesions. In addition, clinical experience over the last decade allowed us to treat patients with an ever increasing number of non-vascular indications. The purpose of this report is ...