An estimated 2 % to 5 % of all persons with multiple sclerosis (MS) have onset of symptoms before 16 years of age Krupp and Hertz (Neurology 68(Suppl 2), 2007). As in adults, the diagnosis of pediatric MS is a clinical one, requiring recurrent episodes of CNS demyelination with supportive paraclinical data (MRI ...

Intramuscular myxoma (IM) is a benign intramuscular neoplasm composed of fibroblasts and abundant myxoid stroma. Some malignant soft tissue tumors can undergo myxomatous degeneration, which makes it difficult to distinguish them from IM. We describe a case of IM of the buttock region mimicking low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma. The tumor appeared ...

Only about 0.5% of all head and neck neoplasms occur in the parapharyngeal space (PPS) and approximately 80% of these tumours are benign lesions. Various surgical approaches some of which are associated with mandibulotomy to increase exposure have been described. This article describes our 16-years' experience in treating 60 PPS ...

Case Description-A 40.3-kg (88.7-lb) 6-year-old spayed female Labrador Retriever was evaluated because of acute unilateral epistaxis. Clinical Findings-During the initial evaluation of the dog, systemic hypertension and a left adrenal gland mass were detected. The left adrenal gland mass was surgically removed; results of histologic examination of the mass indicated ...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the factors that have an effect on false-positive or false-negative shear-wave elastography (SWE) results in solid breast masses. METHODS: From June to December 2012, 222 breast lesions of 199 consecutive women (mean age: 45.3 ± 10.1 years; range, 21 to 88 years) who had been scheduled for biopsy or surgical excision ...

A 4-year-old boy with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), an asymptomatic optic glioma, and a right basal ganglia T2-hyperintense lesion (figure, A and B) developed a left hemiparesis with hyperreflexia over the course of a year. Neuroimaging revealed a cyst-like mass in the region of his previously identified T2 hyperintensity (figure, ...

BACKGROUND: Primary cutaneous large B-cell lymphoma, leg type, is a rare and aggressive neoplasm as defined by the World Health Organization/European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer classification of cutaneous lymphomas. In some cases this disease may simulate other forms of benign or malignant solid tumours. MATERIAL: We present ...

Abstract Purpose: The aim is to study clinical presentations, radiological features and outcome in histopathologically proven orbital schwannomas. Methods: A retrospective and longitudinal study of 16 patients between January 1999 and July 2011 was undertaken by reviewing the appropriate charts. Clinical and radiological data of all orbital schwannomas patients were ...

Metastatic neoplasms to the ovary often cause diagnostic problems, in particular those large ovarian masses mimicking primary tumors. Most of these tumors arise from digestive system or breast, while 37-year-old woman diagnosed as right adnexal complex mass, with a subpleural nodule in the apical part of the left lower lobe, ...

Although ultraviolet (UV) light or exogenous hormones have been associated with the development or exacerbation of melasma, the use of laser as a treatment modality has not been cited as a factor linked to the development of melasma lesions. It is unclear whether epidermal trauma caused by laser or other ...

Background: The gingiva which is prone for inflammation may serve as a pre-metastatic niche for the attraction of circulating malignant cells. The aim of the study was to analyze cases of metastatic lesions to the gingiva compared with cases metastasizing to other oral mucosal sites. The pathogenesis of gingival metastases ...

Congenital melanocytic nevus (CMN) is a melanocytic proliferation that has its onset at birth or shortly thereafter and shows characteristic histopathologic features including symmetric proliferation of benign melanocytes, extension of nevus cells into the deep reticular dermis and subcutis, maturation of melanocytes with descent, tracking of melanocytes around and within ...

PURPOSE: To evaluate the clinical appearance and rate of ulceration of oral mucosal malignancies, and to investigate the accuracy of clinical provisional diagnoses. METHODS: A 10-year retrospective analysis, which included diagnostic biopsies of malignant tumors of the oral mucosa. The clinical provisional diagnoses were compared with final diagnoses. RESULTS: Two ...

BACKGROUND: The option of obtaining tissue samples for histological examination during endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) has theoretical and practical advantages over cytology alone. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility, yield, and diagnostic accuracy of a new EUS 22-G fine-needle biopsy (FNB) device in patients with solid pancreatic ...

BACKGROUND: Malignant myoepithelioma is a relatively rare malignant tumor occurring most frequently in the salivary glands. A few isolated cases have been described in other locations, including soft tissue, bone, lung, bronchus, oral cavity, nasopharynx, larynx, and maxillary sinus. Malignant myoepithelioma, however, is uncommonly involved within the cavernous sinus. To ...

BACKGROUND: Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) predominantly affects the lymph nodes and bone marrow. Extranodal sites of NHL include the thymus, spleen, and Waldeyer ring. Very rarely NHL affects the gynecologic tract (<0.5%), and secondary spread is more common than primary involvement. CASE REPORT: We report a case of primary NHL of ...

Prepubertal testicular tumors are rare, and teratoma is the second most frequent histologic type. Its typical features are those of a hard and painless scrotal mass at clinical examination, and nonhomogeneous, echoic, often with calcifications at ultrasonography. Rare but reported is the atypical presentation as a transilluminating scrotal mass, due ...

OBJECTIVE: To report the case of a patient with a large and symptomatic vulvar lesion, necessitating surgical excision. CASE: We report the case of a 57-year-old postmenopausal woman with a 6-month history of an enlarging vulvar lesion associated with vulvar pruritus. On examination, a pedunculated 7 × 5 × 4-cm ...

Objective To summarize the sonographic features of the lymphoma in the abdominal lymph nodes. Method The clinical data and sonographic findings of 41 lymphoma patients with original appearance of abdominal mass or lymphadenectasis were retrospectively analyzed. Results Among these 41 cases, the retroperitoneal and mesenteric lymph nodes were most commonly ...

Osteoblastoma is a benign neoplasm which commonly occurs in the vertebral column and long bones. The tumour grows slowly and rarely recurs after surgery. This report presents the clinicopathological and radiological findings of a case of recurrent osteoblastoma in the maxilla. A 7-year-old male patient visited our department with chief ...

OBJECTIVE. Breast ultrasound is helpful in the characterization of masses to differentiate benign from malignant disease. The internal echotexture of a mass is an important ultra-sound feature in breast diagnostic workup. This article reviews the imaging and histopathology findings of benign and malignant hyperechoic masses to better recognize these conditions. ...

Advancements in diagnostic and treatment modalities for oral and maxillofacial surgery have allowed veterinarians to offer clients a range of alternatives for their pets. Categories of oral and maxillofacial surgery reviewed in this article include jaw fracture management, management of palatal/oronasal defects, recognition and treatment of oral masses, and management of ...

Atherosclerosis is defined as a focal, inflammatory, and fibro-proliferative response to endothelial injury. The development of atheromatous lesions in the coronary tree is predominantly a quiescent asymptomatic process without any clinical manifestations. The unpredictable and acute nature of cardiovascular complications such as vulnerable plaque rupture makes diagnosis and treatment of ...

Nasal hamartomas are rare congenital lesions. We describe a case of nasal hamartoma associated with pituitary duplication and other midline anomalies. A 40-year-old female with a history of breast cancer presented with nasal obstruction. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed a mass arising from the nasal septum, as well ...

Solitary spinal epidural cavernous angiomas are rare lesions, especially in paediatric age group. They are infrequently considered in the differential diagnosis of spinal epidural masses in children. We report a case of solitary epidural cavernous angioma of the thoracic spine in a child presenting with acute onset of back pain ...

Cystic-appearing lesions are commonly seen in clinical practice at imaging of the extremities. However, only some of these lesions are truly cystic lesions (eg, ganglia or synovial cysts, bursae) and may be managed conservatively. Fluid-filled lesions usually have homogeneous high T2 signal at magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. A broad array ...

In this article, we report a rare case of a cervical cystic vagal schwannoma mimicking a type 3 second branchial cleft cyst clinically, radiologically and cytologically. Although schwannoma is rare, it should be considered in the differential diagnosis of cystic neck masses. This article suggests that Doppler ultrasonography, computed tomography ...

BACKGROUND:Closed pleural biopsy (CPB) in patients with malignant pleural effusion (MPE) is less sensitive than cytology. Ultrasound-assisted CPB allows biopsies to be performed in the lower thoracic parietal pleura, where secondary spread from pleural metastases is initially more likely to be found.OBJECTIVES:We analyzed whether choosing the point of entry for ...

A 2-year-old Thoroughbred horse presented with acute onset of colitis, and the intussuscepted jejunum was surgically resected. A transmural mass protruding into the lumen was found at the leading edge of the intussusceptum. Based on histological and immunohistochemical examinations, the mass was diagnosed as diffuse large B-cell lymphoma with metastasis ...

Liposarcomas are rare malignant tumors of the adipose tissue which are well described in humans and animals. Wide margin excision is the recommended treatment for these infiltrative, slow to metastasize tumors. Primary liposarcoma with ocular localization is a very rare tumor in humans, dogs and cats. This report describes, for ...

We report the case of a 75-year-old male who underwent lung lobectomy for presumed lung cancer. Thereafter, he presented with a painful mass between the third and fourth metatarsal heads in the foot that was assumed to be Morton's neuroma. After extensive oncologic evaluation, the foot mass was diagnosed as ...

Primary embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma of anterior neck involving the thyroid is extremely rare. This report is only the second of its kind that describes this form of nonorbital nonparameningeal rhabdomyosarcoma in a 7-year-old boy and adds to a new, seldom-reported variant of rhabdomyosarcoma in the head-neck region. The child presented with ...

Papillary squamous cell carcinoma (PSCCA) is a rarely occurring variant of squamous cell carcinoma (SCCA) with distinctive exophytic and papillary features and a more favorable prognosis than conventional SCCA. The larynx is the most commonly affected site in the head and neck. The oral cavity, oropharynx, sinonasal tract, and nasopharynx ...

Atypical lesions of a presumably idiopathic inflammatory demyelinating origin present quite variably and may pose diagnostic problems. The subsequent clinical course is also uncertain. We, therefore, wanted to clarify if atypical idiopathic inflammatory demyelinating lesions (AIIDLs) can be classified according to previously suggested radiologic characteristics and how this classification relates ...

ABSTRACT We report the case of a 52-year-old man who presented with a 10-day history of right eye and eyelid inflammation and intermittent diplopia following blunt trauma to the right eyebrow. The CT and MRI scans revealed an extraconal soft tissue mass on the orbital floor with maxillary and ethmoid ...

INTRODUCTION: With the progress made in treatments, the survival rate for patients with malignant lymphoma in the last 30 years has significantly improved. However, the risk of experiencing a second primary malignancy or other disease has increased significantly. CASE PRESENTATION: A 44-year-old Mongolian man with a large mass in his ...

An unusual granular variant of ameloblastoma presenting as a mandibular mass in a 43-year-old woman is described. These visually striking tumors display unusual and inconsistent immunohistochemical staining patterns although differential diagnosis from other granular cell lesions of the head and neck is usually not problematic.

Cholangiocarcinoma (CC) is a lethal malignancy because it exhibits asymptomatic growth infiltrating the surrounding structures and therefore is usually detected at an advanced stage. The mainstay of treatment for CC is complete resection with negative surgical margins. Therefore, its diagnosis at a relatively early stage is demanded for performing relevant ...

Rationale: In bronchoscopy, an ultrathin bronchoscope can be advanced to more peripheral bronchi. As virtual bronchoscopic navigation (VBN) is a method to guide a bronchoscope under direct observation using VB images, VBN may be particularly useful when combined with ultrathin bronchoscopy. Objectives: This prospective multi-center study evaluated the value of ...

OBJECTIVE: The study aimed to report the case of a patient with a polypoid vulvar lesion clinically thought to be an aggressive angiomyxoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: On examination, a 4.0 × 2.0 × 1.5-cm polypoid lesion was seen on the right labium majus. RESULTS: Histopathological findings of the excised mass ...

Failure of remyelination of multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions contributes to neurodegeneration that correlates with chronic disability in patients. Currently, there are no available treatments to reduce neurodegeneration, but one therapeutic approach to fill this unmet need is to promote remyelination. As many demyelinated MS lesions contain plentiful oligodendrocyte precursor cells ...

We present the second case of an enterogenous cyst of the third ventricle. This is a 28-year-old woman who presented with a 2year history of progressive headaches and memory loss. A cystic lesion of the anterior third ventricle was noted on MRI. The cyst was resected via a transcallosal approach ...

Extramedullary plasmacytoma of the pancreas is a rare entity. Although this condition is uncommon, it should be considered in the differential diagnosis of solid mass in the pancreas, especially in patients with underlying multiple myeloma. We report a case of pancreatic plasmacytoma in a 56-year-old woman with newly diagnosed multiple ...

Leiomyosarcoma of the rectum is a very rare mesenchymal tumor. Because of its rarity, its diagnosis, treatment, and pathology often present challenges to the clinician. The characteristics of this tumor, such as its anatomical location, heterogeneous solid features on imaging, and nonspecific lower gastrointestinal tract symptoms, can be confused with ...

Intra-cardiac thrombi can be incidentally found in recurrent melanoma and need careful assessment. An 81-year-old woman, with a history of malignant nasopharyngeal melanoma, was evaluated by echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance due to the detection of undefined masses localized both in right atrium and ventricle during contrast-enhanced thoraco-abdominal computed tomography.

An abnormal shadow was detected in a 75-year-old man on a chest roentgenogram, and the patient was referred to our institution. A transbronchial biopsy was carried out and the specimen resulted in a diagnosis of organizing pneumonia. During the follow-up period, the left lung lesion became enlarged. Partial resection of ...

An 11-year-old, spayed female domestic shorthair cat was presented for a right flank wound. On clinical examination, a single non-painful skin tear lesion with irregular edges was detected. During the examination, star-shaped cigarette paper-like skin lesions appeared spontaneously. An abdominal mass was also palpated. Feline skin fragility syndrome (FSFS) was ...

A 10-year-old, neutered female, crossbred pit bull terrier was presented for cough, haemoptysis and rapidly progressive respiratory difficulty. Thoracic radiographs suggested a soft tissue density at the carina and bronchoscopy revealed a large, broad-based mass obstructing the entire left mainstem bronchus and half of the entrance to the right mainstem ...

We report the case of a patient who presented with a large pelvic mass, which was biopsy-proven to be Ewing sarcoma. The patient was also found to have 18 pulmonary lesions on a staging CT that were presumed to represent metastatic disease. After induction chemotherapy, a PET/CT scan revealed a ...

We report a case of an eight year old female child with a midline neck mass for seven years. Since its early presentation, this midline mass has recently increased in size. A presumptive diagnosis of thyroglossal duct cyst was made clinically and planned for surgery. Preoperative evaluation revealed hypothyroidism, hence ...