Rib tumors are uncommon, constituting only 5% to 10% of all bony neoplasms. Cholesterol granuloma is also rare and is described as inflammatory granulation that occurs in response to the deposition of cholesterol crystals. Cholesterol granulomas are found most commonly in the paranasal sinuses or temporal bones, but there are ...

To investigate the features of hepatic paragonimiasis on contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) imaging. Fifteen patients with hepatic paragonimiasis who were admitted to our hospital between March 2008 and August 2012 were enrolled to this study. The conventional ultrasound and CEUS examinations were performed with a Philips IU22 scanner with a 1-5-MHz ...

Acute kidney injury is a common manifestation of malignancies, either directly by the tumor or indirectly from anticancer therapy. The pathologic correlates of acute kidney injury in malignancies are many and can be diagnosed conclusively using kidney biopsy. We report a rare case of a patient with light chain proximal ...

Adrenal pseudocysts are rare lesions that develop within the adrenal glands, generally from vessel ectasia or from degenerative adenomas or hematomas. They are usually non-functional and asymptomatic. The reported potential malignant transformation of an adrenal cyst is ca. 7% and indicates radical excision of these masses. We report the case ...

Causes of benign emptying of the postpneumonectomy space include small bronchopleural fistulas with spontaneous healing and escape of fluid into the chest wall or diaphragm. We present an additional cause: severe dehydration. As postpneumonectomy empyema usually involves drainage of the pleural space, it is important to be aware of this ...

A ranula is a bluish, transparent, and thin-walled swelling in the floor of the mouth. They originate from the extravasation and subsequent accumulation of saliva from the sublingual gland. Ranulas are usually limited to the sublingual space but they sometimes extend to the submandibular space and parapharyngeal space, which is ...

Background: Petrous apex cholesterol granulomas are expansile, cystic lesions containing cholesterol crystals surrounded by foreign body giant cells, fibrous tissue reaction and chronic inflammation. Appropriate treatment relies on an accurate radiological diagnosis and an understanding of the distinguishing radiological features of relevant entities in the differential diagnosis of this condition. ...

Calcific rotator cuff tendinitis caused by symptomatic calcium hydroxyapatite crystal deposition is a well-established cause of shoulder pain. In refractory or acutely symptomatic cases, sonographically guided percutaneous lavage and aspiration can significantly reduce pain in approximately 60%-92% of cases. Although the complication rate of sonographically guided percutaneous lavage and aspiration ...

A middle-aged male patient developed acute back pain and a lumbar vertebral lesion following trivial physical trauma. The lesion was considered as tuberculous on vertebral x-rays and MRI. After biopsy of the lesion and spinal fixation, the patient was kept on empirical antituberculous treatment (ATT) to which he did not ...

The second branchial cleft cyst may arise anywhere from the tonsillar fossa to the supraclavicular area. It usually lies along the anterior border of the sternocleidomastoid muscle or deep into the muscle. Occurrence of the second branchial cleft cyst in the parapharyngeal space is extremely uncommon. We report one such ...

Gouty arthritis is an inflammatory reaction as a result of monosodium urate crystal deposition in synovial fluid and periarticular soft tissue. It is the most common form of inflammatory arthritis with an estimated prevalence of 5 per 1000 in the USA. Clinical diagnosis is difficult and definite diagnosis with positive ...

Alveolar soft part sarcoma (ASPS) is a rare neoplasm of uncertain cell of origin. Known to occur in adolescents and young adults, this tumor usually involves the muscles and deep soft tissues of the extremities and trunk. Orbital localization is rare and not yet subjected to cytological assessment, as per ...

Pericardial cysts are rare benign congenital malformations, usually small, asymptomatic and detected incidentally on chest X-ray as a mass located in the right costophrenic angle. Giant pericardial cysts are very uncommon and produce symptoms by compressing adjacent structures. In this report, the authors present a case of a symptomatic giant ...

A 74-year old chronic smoker was found to have a solitary 3cm RLL lung shadow on Chest radiograph following investigation of cough by his general practitioner. Occupational history revealed construction site work involving handling of concrete building materials for 50 years from the age of 25. Initial PET-CT demonstrated its ...

Nail unit dermatopathology is a growing field filled with many challenges. Many advances in this field have been made in the last 5 years. This review article provides an update on new information and studies published in that period of time. We divided these works into different sections, including clinical ...

Crystals and crystalloids may be seen in salivary glands in association with tumors and cysts. Rarely, crystalloids may lead to granulomatous reaction mimicking neoplasm and infectious diseases. We present the case of an 81-year-old man with right parotid gland swelling and a clinical and radiological diagnosis of tumor. A granulomatous ...

Sentinel lesions are lesions of the bone or soft tissue, visible in standard X-rays carried out within a traumatic context, indicating bone or more severe capsular ligament lesions not visible on these X-rays. A detailed review of the peripheral joints as well as the spine is carried out with an ...

We report a case of a 33-year-old nulliparous woman who, following a short prodromal illness, experienced a series of psychiatric and behavioural symptoms. These included states of terror, insomnia, delirium, self-harm and suicidal ideation, facial dyskinesias, verbigeration, cognitive impairment, reduced responsiveness, violence and paranoia. A diagnosis of anti-N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDAR) encephalitis ...

Malignant pleural mesothelioma is an uncommon cancer that commonly presents with a large unilateral bloody pleural effusion long after asbestos exposure. Its prevalence is decreasing with the decreasing exposure to asbestos in the United States. We present a patient with malignant pleural mesothelioma who underwent evaluation and treatment during medical ...

Non-Hodgkin lymphoma generally affects the thorax in nearly half of the cases, but endobronchial non-Hodgkin lymphoma is rare. A 65-year-old man presented with refractory cough and progressive dyspnea on exertion of 2 months' duration. The patient denied fever, weight loss, or night sweats. A chest x-ray revealed bilateral lower lobe ...

Foot-drop is a rare but important manifestation of intracranial pathologies ranging from space-occupying lesions to cerebrovascular accidents. Being most commonly associated with peripheral nerve lesions or radicular compressions, it remains an underappreciated feature of central-structural abnormalities. We describe an interesting case of a 14-year-old boy who had presented with acute ...

A girl with vertically acquired HIV infection presented with a 6-month history of dyspnea and chest pain. Computed tomography of the thorax showed a heterogenous mass measuring 13 × 9 × 17 cm located in the anterior mediastinum. Complete surgical resection was accomplished with no complications. The final diagnosis was ...

The hematological malignancies (HM) are group of neoplasms that arise through malignant transformation of bone marrow derived cells. The great diversity seen in this group of disorders is a reflection of the complexity of normal hematopoiesis and the immune system. In the current study, the author retrospectively studied HM patients ...

We present a patient with sarcoidosis with an isolated intraparenchymal mass lesion that was similar to a glioma on magnetic resonance imaging. On fluid-attenuated inversion recovery images, a small hyperintense signal change in the right uncus was observed. Three months later, enlargement of the abnormal signal lesion was observed. An ...

Medical Education 2011: 45: 415-421 Context  Clinical context may act as both an aid to decision making and a source of bias contributing to medical error. The effect of clinical history, a form of clinical context, on the diagnostic accuracy of the physical examination is unknown. Methods  We randomised internal ...

We present a very rare case of a neonatal multiple haemangiomatosis with a cystic interventricular cardiac haemangioma. An anechoic cyst of 10 mm of diameter, located in the superior third of the interventricular septum was found by foetal echocardiography at 30 weeks of pregnancy. The baby was born at 39 ...

Bronchoscopic transbronchial fine needle aspiration of the mediastinum is generally known as a safe procedure. Complications such as pneumothorax, pneumomediastinum, major bronchial haemorrhage and significant bleeding after a major vessel puncture are rare events. We report the first case, to our knowledge, of life-threatening cardiac tamponade following transbronchial fine needle ...

OBJECTIVES: Malignant hyperthermia susceptibility is an important risk factor during general anesthesia. Affected patients have an asymptomatic but potentially lethal hypermetabolic reaction after contact with volatile anesthetics or succinylcholine. Classic symptoms include hemodynamic instability, combined with acidosis, rigor, and hyperthermia. During cardiopulmonary bypass, these signs may be obscured, delaying correct ...

The present study was conducted on 5 cows diagnosed with late-stage pericarditis based on a combination of clinical, radiographic, ultrasonographic, and postmortem examinations. On clinical examination, all the cows were found to be depressed, dyspnoeic, and moderately to severely tachycardic. The main radiographic findings were poor thoracic details and indistinguishable ...

Primary cardiac tumors are extremely rare. By comparison, metastatic involvement of the heart is over 20 times more common and has been reported in autopsy series in up to one in five patients dying of cancer. Cardiac metastasis of chondrosarcoma is absolutely not frequent. In the recent literature, a cardiac ...

There is a collection of rare congenital cardiac defects that can produce significant haemodynamic embarrassment. Owing to their rarity, these lesions may be overlooked or mistaken for other more common congenital cardiac defects. Using careful segmental echocardiographic techniques, such as multiple planes of imaging and inferential Doppler findings, it is ...

Sarcoidosis is a granulomatous disease of unknown etiology, which may affect multiple organ systems. The skin is involved in up to one-third of cases. The development of granulomatous lesions within tattoos is a well-recognized phenomenon in patients with sarcoidosis. The characteristic histology shows non-caseating granulomas; however similar findings may be ...

We describe an 81-year-old woman with an episode of loss of consciousness and a mass inside the left atrium. We demonstrate the added value of three-dimensional transoesophageal echocardiography in the differential diagnosis of the cardiac masses.

The non-Langerhans histiocytoses (NLH) are a group of very rare disorders characterized by a predominantly cutaneous proliferation of non-Langerhans histiocytes. Involvement of the respiratory system is rare and more frequently affects the airways than the lung parenchyma. We describe a 44-year-old man with the progressive nodular form of NLH, with ...

Diagnosis of sarcoidosis has never been an easy task. This is primarily because there is no single diagnostic test that can clinch the diagnosis. Demonstration of granulomas remains an essential criteria, but as granulomatous inflammation can be seen in host of conditions, it is necessary to exclude all possible causes, ...

Retroperitoneal fibrosis has been reported in several patients with Wegener granulomatosis (WG), but only three isolated cases of dorsal prevertebral lesions, closely resembling fibrosing mediastinitis, have been published so far. We describe four new WG patients (two men, two women), 49-59 years old at diagnosis, with dorsal prevertebral lesions, mainly ...

A 32-year-old Japanese man presented with a 3-year history of purple reddish, and painful swelling of his fingers along with indurated erythema on his nose and ears. He was diagnosed as having sarcoidosis 8 years prior because of uveitis and bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy. X-rays of the hands revealed multiple cystic ...

Sarcoidosis is a chronic inflammatory disease that involves multiple systems. Complications in the nervous system are rare, especially in Asia. This report describes an unusual case of neurosarcoidosis affecting the spinal cord and other systems in a 53-year-old Taiwanese women patient. The patient presented with subacute onset of right arm ...

This is a case which highlights unique diagnostic challenges in the evaluation of a previously healthy patient presenting with a myelopathy initially most concerning for malignancy. However, timely recognition and nonoperative therapy of unexpected spinal sarcoidosis with corticosteroidal therapy was crucial in averting the sequelae of undiagnosed or misdiagnosed neurosarcoidosis, ...

BACKGROUND: Sarcoidosis is an autoimmune disease of unknown origin characterized by the presence of noncaseating epithelioid cell granulomas in multiple organs. Sarcoidosislike lesions have been reported in patients who have a history of chronic hepatitis C with interferon treatment. CASE: A case of cutaneous sarcoidosis, clinically presenting with multiple skin ...

This article presents the case of a patient with pain associated with a total hip replacement. Following aspiration microscopy, a diagnosis of gout in a total hip replacement was made. Successful treatment was instituted with medical management in the presence of coexisting aseptic loosening. Gout in a total hip replacement ...

Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) can sample the enlarged mediastinal lymph nodes which are unreachable by conventional bronchoscopy. It is a relatively simple and safe method to see beyond the bronchial tree. We describe and discuss its initial application and our experience. From July 2009 to December 2009, 52 ...

There exists a rare enigmatic relation between testicular germ cell tumors (particularly seminoma) and granulomatous inflammation of lymph nodes and organs akin to sarcoidosis. We report a young patient with stage I testicular seminoma followed by close surveillance after radical orchidectomy, who developed hilar and subcarinal lymphadenopathy more than two ...

Sarcoidosis is a multisystemic inflammatory granulomatous disease that affects both the central and peripheral nervous system. The neurological manifestations depend on the areas of the neuroaxis affected. In the brain, patients with neurosarcoidosis have leptomeningeal and intraparenchymal infiltration of granulomas that leads to, for example, cranial nerve palsies, basal meningitis, ...

Sarcoidosis is a systemic disease with skin manifestations. Skin manifestations are classified as nonspecific if they are not characterized by granulomatous inflammation and specific if the lesions have granulomas histologically. Erythema nodosum is the most common nonspecific skin manifestation, and it portends a good prognosis. Specific skin lesions have a ...

Sarcoidosis is a systemic disorder with prominent cutaneous component. Skin lesions are of diverse morphology, of which few are specific for the disease. We describe a 30-year-old woman with polymorphic skin lesions including papules, plaques, and nodules, as well as uncommon variants like eyelid papules, palmar and digital nodules, tattoo ...

Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial fine-needle aspiration (EBUS) is a minimally invasive method used routinely for mediastinal staging of patients with lung cancer. EBUS has also proved to be a valuable diagnostic tool for patients with different intrathoracic lesions who remain undiagnosed despite bronchoscopy and CT-guided fine-needle aspiration. The present study focused ...

Sarcoidosis rarely manifests by involving the cranial nerves exclusively. A 35-year-old woman presented with bilateral cavernous sinus masses and symptoms of trigeminal neuropathy. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging suggested an intracranial tumor, favoring a meningioma. The patient underwent emergent surgical decompression and tumor excision. Histopathology of the resected tumor ...

The prenatal ultrasonographic diagnosis of ectopia cordis associated with a complex intra-cardiac defect (common atrium, common atrioventricular valve with single ventricle) is illustrated in a 32-week gestation fetus. The fetus showed associated features of amniotic band disruption sequence. The cardiac autopsy findings correlated with the antenatal diagnosis. The association of ...

Sarcoidosis is a multisystemic granulomatous disease of unknown aetiology that usually presents with bilateral hiliar adenopathies, pulmonary infiltrations, and ocular and cutaneous lesions. The specific cutaneous lesions, or granulomatous, are produced in from 9% to 37% of patients with systemic sarcoidosis. Nevertheless, few patients have been described having specific lesions ...