Preoperative diagnosis of solid pancreatic lesions remains challenging despite advancement in imaging technologies. EUS has the benefit of being a minimally invasive, well-tolerated procedure, although results are operator-dependent. The addition of FNA (EUS-guided FNA) provides samples for cytopathologic analysis, a major advantage over other imaging techniques. To determine the diagnostic ...

The variety of histologic patterns in myxoid liposarcoma is underappreciated. The diversity of these patterns can lead to diagnostic difficulty. We examined the morphologic spectrum of myxoid liposarcoma by cataloguing and describing different patterns identified in biopsy and resection specimens of 46 primary, recurrent, and metastatic myxoid liposarcomas. The patterns ...

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this article is to address the implications of invasive diagnostic procedures recommended by a lung cancer screening protocol. In particular, we assess how many invasive procedures were recommended for benign nodules. MATERIALS AND METhODS: Between 2003 and 2009, 4782 high-risk current and former smokers were enrolled ...

Early diagnosis of invasive mucormycosis is important for timely therapeutic intervention, improved survival, and reduced morbidity. Given the importance of an accurate and rapid diagnosis of invasive mucormycosis to guide the timely initiation of amphotericin B and possible surgical intervention, a coordinated multidisciplinary approach of clinical assessment, diagnostic imaging, and ...

OBJECTIVES: Lesions of the major salivary glands represent a heterogeneous group comprising infectious, autoimmune, and neoplastic disorders. The reliable pre-operative assessment of the lesional dignity might reduce patient's morbidity preventing re-surgery. To date, there exists no imaging technique which reliably distinguishes tumour entities. METHODS: 35 parotid lesions were analysed in ...

PURPOSE: To compare diagnostic performance and interobserver variability in a group of 36 examiners, with four different levels of experience. METHODS: Nine junior trainees, eight level I senior trainees, 11 level II senior gynecologists, and eight level III expert sonologists classified 105 ultrasound images of adnexal masses into three subgroups ...

Summary.  Carriers of haemophilia face difficult choices regarding prenatal diagnosis, but little is known about the determinants that influence their decisions. The aim of this study was to assess the incidence of prenatal diagnosis and potential determinants affecting the choice for prenatal diagnosis. A nationwide survey was performed among all ...

PURPOSE: To evaluate a fully automatic computer-assisted diagnosis (CAD) method for breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which considered dynamic as well as morphologic parameters and linked those to descriptions laid down in the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) MRI atlas. MATERIALS AND METHODS: MR images of 108 patients ...

Extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) accounts for more than 20% of tuberculosis (TB) cases. Xpert MTB/RIF (Xpert) (Cepheid, Sunnyvale CA, USA) is a fully automated amplification system for which excellent results in the diagnosis of pulmonary TB in highly endemic countries have been recently reported. We aimed to assess the performance of ...

Distinction of hydatidiform moles (HMs) from nonmolar specimens (NMs) and subclassification of HMs as complete hydatidiform moles (CHMs) and partial hydatidiform moles (PHMs) are important for clinical practice and investigational studies; yet, diagnosis based solely on morphology is affected by interobserver variability. Molecular genotyping can distinguish these entities by discerning ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: A large amount of information has been collected on the molecular tumorigenesis of thyroid cancer. A low expression of c-KIT gene has been reported during the transformation of normal thyroid epithelium to papillary carcinoma suggesting a possible role of the gene in the differentiation of thyroid tissue rather ...

Background:The incidence of malignant melanoma is increasing faster than that for any other cancer. Histological examination of skin excision biopsies remains the standard method for melanoma diagnosis and prognosis. Significant morphological overlap between benign and malignant lesions complicates diagnosis, and tumour thickness is not always an accurate predictor of prognosis.Methods:To ...

Background:Previously, we reported a six-marker gene set, which allowed a molecular discrimination of benign and malignant thyroid tumours. Now, we evaluated these markers in fine-needle aspiration biopsies (FNAB) in a prospective, independent series of thyroid tumours with proven histological outcome.Methods:Quantitative RT-PCR was performed (ADM3, HGD1, LGALS3, PLAB, TFF3, TG) in ...

HYPOTHESIS: Multi-slice computed tomography (MSCT) overestimates the size of superior semicircular canal dehiscences (SSCDs) and also can misinterpret thin bone over the superior semicircular canal as dehiscent. A threshold of the radiodensity of the bone over the superior semicircular canal may exist that could optimize prediction of an actual SSCD. ...

BACKGROUND: Even though fluoroscopy-guided bronchoscopy has been well developed, the diagnostic yield of peripheral pulmonary lesions (PPLs) remains unsatisfying. Therefore, endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) has been implemented recently to enhance the possibility of attaining true diagnosis. However, there are few studies that directly compare the success rate of fiber-optic bronchoscopy with ...

Abstract In September 2004 two hinds on Farm 1 were observed with epiphora and keratoconjunctivitis, and corneal scarring. A low pregnancy rate in some hinds had been recorded that year. In the same year six yearling deer were observed on Farm 2 with keratitis, uveitis and corneal scarring. CLINICAL AND ...

The objective of our study was to determine whether applying specific diagnostic criteria to the interpretation of sonohysterography would improve the diagnostic accuracy of the interpretation. This retrospective study included 200 consecutive patients who underwent both sonohysterography and a procedure that resulted in a positive pathologic diagnosis. The initial interpretation ...

Necrotizing granulomas are commonly encountered in surgically resected specimens. The majority will be proven infectious with special stains for microorganisms. These need to be distinguished from other granulomatous processes such as Wegener's granulomatosis (WG). Although there may be histological overlap between these different processes, the identification of a true necrotizing ...

Confirmative diagnosis of Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) is still being a challenge at the primary health care facilities in most of the rural endemic areas in the Indian sub-continent. Conventional methods for parasitological confirmation are risky and require skilled personnel hence, unreachable to the poor people in the endemic region. Buffy ...

BACKGROUND: The diagnosis of the isolated leptomeningeal involvement of a primary central nervous system B-cell lymphoma without parenchyma lesions may be difficult. Patients with leptomeningeal meningeosis lymphomatosa can present with various neurologic deficits. AIMS OF THE STUDY: To demonstrate the impact of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow cytometry in the diagnosis ...

Vascular injury following hip resurfacing arthroplasty is rare: we present a case of profunda femoris pseudoaneurysm complicating hip resurfacing arthroplasty performed via an anterolateral approach. Over recent years, it has been recognized that an adverse reaction to metal debris from metal-on-metal arthroplasties can also result in the development of cystic ...

OBJECTIVE: To assess the agreement between three-dimensional volume off-line analysis as compared to real-time ultrasound for assessing adnexal masses. STUDY DESIGN: Ninety-nine non-consecutive women diagnosed as having an adnexal mass were assessed by transvaginal power Doppler ultrasound. One single examiner performed all ultrasound examinations. Based on the examiner's subjective evaluation ...

Patel S, Wilson R, Dawood A, Mannocci F. Detection of periapical pathology using intraoral radiography and cone beam computed tomography - a clinical study. International Endodontic Journal. ABSTRACT: Aim  To compare the prevalence of periapical lesions on individual roots viewed with intraoral (periapical) radiographs and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) of ...

We investigated the feasibility of telecytology for rapid on-site evaluation (ROSE) of cytological specimens. During a six-month study, 385 consecutive adult patients underwent image-guided fine needle aspiration biopsies of the lung or transbronchial needle aspirations of mediastinal lymph nodes. Direct smears were immediately wet-fixed and a cytopathologist or a trained ...

PURPOSE: To develop a new automatic exposure control (AEC) technique based on the contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) and provide constant lesion detectability. METHODS: Lesion detectability is affected by factors such as image noise, lesion contrast, and lesion size. We performed ROC analysis to assess the relationship between the optimum CNR and ...

This article is the second of a two-part publication that expresses the current view of the European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) about endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided sampling, including EUS-guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) and EUS-guided Trucut biopsy. The first part (the Clinical Guideline) focused on the results obtained with EUS-guided ...

Background: Cutaneous leishmaniasis displays considerable variation in its histopathological and clinical presentation. Clinically, it progresses from a papule into a painless ulcerated and crusted nodule/papule. Microscopically, it progresses from sheets of amastigote-filled histiocytes to granulomatous inflammation. Methods: The study was conducted on 145 skin biopsies from untreated patients with histopathological ...

Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 (HSV-1) esophagitis diagnosis is routinely based on the endoscopic findings confirmed by histopathological examination of the esophagitis lesions. Virological diagnosis is not systematically performed and restricted to viral culture or to qualitative PCR assay from esophagitis biopsies. The aim of this study was to assess ...

Background: The preoperative diagnosis of thyroid nodules primarily depends upon fine needle aspiration (FNA) cytology. However, up to 25% of FNA samples have associated 'suspicious or indeterminate', but not diagnostic cytologic reports, resulting in difficulty deciding appropriate clinical management for these patients. We hypothesize that the use of molecular markers ...

Purpose: To evaluate the reliability of elastography, a new ultrasonographic method, for delineating thermal lesion boundaries in porcine liver tissue by comparing lesion dimensions determined by real-time elastography with the findings at gross pathology. Materials and Methods: A total of 15 thermal lesions with diameters ranging from 17 to 60 mm ...

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND:Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) is performed with a dedicated 22- or 21-gauge needle while suction is applied. Fine-needle sampling without suction (capillary sampling) has been studied for endoscopic ultrasound and for biopsies at various body sites and has resulted in similar diagnostic yield and fewer traumatic samples. ...

PURPOSE: To evaluate the outcome of percutaneous lung biopsy (PLB) findings using cone-beam computed tomographic (CT) guidance (CBCT guidance) and compared to conventional biopsy guidance techniques. METHODS: CBCT guidance is a stereotactic technique for needle interventions, combining 3D soft-tissue cone-beam CT, needle planning software, and real-time fluoroscopy. Between March 2007 ...

BACKGROUND: Diagnostic practice by dermatopathologists evaluating pigmented lesions may have evolved over time. OBJECTIVES: We sought to investigate diagnostic drift among a group of dermatopathologists asked to re-evaluate cases initially diagnosed 20 years ago. METHODS: Twenty nine cases of dysplastic nevi with severe atypia and 11 cases of thin radial ...

PURPOSE: To report our experience in CT guided extrapleural paravertebral subcarinal lymph biopsy using a thin 25 gauge (25G) thin needle without the need of injection of saline to widen the mediastinum. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Biopsy was performed using a 25G needle which was advanced lateral to the vertebral body ...

Background: MicroRNA (miR) expression signatures are proposed to be able to differentiate thyroid cancer from benign thyroid lesions. We selected eight miRs (miR-146b, -221, -187, -197, -346, -30d, -138, and -302c) to examine the potential use of miRs to supplement diagnostic cytology in cases designated as "atypia of undetermined significance." ...

BACKGROUND: Real-time elastography (RTE), as a non-invasive method, is used for the classification of benign and malignant lymph nodes (LNs) and developed as an alternative to biopsy. Elasticity score (ES) and strain ratio (SR) are used for the interpretation of RTE. We studied the performance of RTE for diagnosis of ...

Thalassemia syndromes are a group of blood disorders inherited in autosomal recessive manner. Prenatal diagnosis of disease is based on invasive procedures. Fetuses affected by homozygous thalassemia are not reported to be anemic. We studied their nuchal translucency (NT) measurements to identify as an ultrasonographic marker of disease and highlight ...

Stafne bone cavity (SBC) was mostly described as a small oval radiolucency in the posterior mandibular region. To the best of our knowledge, the literature does not contain any report of the use of cone beam CT (CBCT) sialography for the diagnosis of this entity. The aim of this paper ...

The aim of the study was to determine the diagnostic value of reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis of galectin-3 and CD44v6 as markers for preoperative diagnosis of malignancy in lesions of the thyroid. RT-PCR analysis of galectin-3 and CD44v6 expression was performed on RNA isolated from fine-needle aspirates ...

Objective?To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of abdominal computed radiography (CR) for the diagnosis of enterolithiasis in horses and to examine how these parameters are affected by the number and anatomic location of enteroliths and by gas distension of the gastrointestinal tract. Design?Retrospective case series. Animals?Horses ? 1 year old ...

The results of a recent study have shown the superiority of treatment with gefitinib or erlotinib in lung tumors positive for epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation. As a consequence, the complete diagnosis of lung cancer cannot be limited to histotype classification, but should include a series of molecular biology ...

In 20-40% of cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia (CIN) and in 4-8% of cervical carcinoma tissue specimens, multiple HPV genotypes have been detected. Whole tissue section (WTS) PCR does not determine how the individual types relate causally to complex and multiple CIN. Our objective was to determine whether laser capture micro-dissection (LCM) ...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The molecular work-up of thyroid nodules on fine needle aspiration (FNA) cytology samples has given clinicians a new level of diagnostic information. We focus this review on the molecular techniques used in the diagnosis of thyroid cancer, especially BRAF, and the resulting management considerations that are raised. ...

OBJECTIVE: Cytological examination is inexpensive and relatively simple to carry out and deserves utilization in breast cancer screening. We investigated the status of cytological diagnosis at seven facilities in southern Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan. METHODS: We collected data on the criteria for cytological judgments and status of breast cytological diagnosis at ...

Schwannomatosis is a recently delineated inherited condition that has clinical overlap with neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2). Diagnostic criteria have been developed to distinguish schwannomatosis from NF2, but the existence of mosaic NF2, which may closely mimic schwannomatosis, makes even these criteria problematic. In particular, it is not clear why there ...

Baelum V, Hintze H, Wenzel A, Danielsen B, Nyvad B. Implications of caries diagnostic strategies for clinical management decisions. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2011. © 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/S Abstract -  Objectives:  In clinical practice, a visual-tactile caries examination is frequently supplemented by bitewing radiography. This study evaluated strategies ...

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVE: Perform a comprehensive meta-analysis evaluating the diagnostic performance of dual time point deoxy-2-[(18)F]fluoro-D-glucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) in the diagnosis of pulmonary nodules. MATERIALS AND METHODS: MEDLINE, EMBASE, and PUBMED were queried between January 2000 and January 2011. Studies were included if they: 1) used dual time ...

We report 2 years of experience with rickettsial molecular diagnosis using real-time PCR at the French National Reference Center. All Rickettsia genomes available were compared to discover specific sequences to design new sets of primers and probes. The specificity was verified in silico and against a panel of 30 rickettsial ...

BACKGROUND: The specificity of brush cytology for detection of malignant pancreatobiliary strictures is high, but its sensitivity is moderate. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) can be used to detect chromosomal aneuploidy in biliary brushing specimens, and, according to some reports, it may improve the sensitivity of routine cytology. OBJECTIVE: To ...

Uterus-like mass composed of a cavity lined by mucosa resembling endometrium and surrounding smooth muscle layer simulating myometrium is an extremely rare disease entity of which the histogenesis is presently unknown. A 39-year-old, gravida 2, para 2, woman presented with sudden onset of lower abdominal pain and was found to ...