BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: New diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) lesions are common in patients with acute ischemic stroke. They are associated with an initial nonsingle lesion pattern. Previous studies have not analyzed this association in detail. We differentiated nonsingle lesions in 1 vascular supply territory only (scattered lesion pattern) from nonsingle lesions ...

Dermatitis artefacta (DA), a factitious skin disorder, often occurs as a response to traumatic life events or as a factitious behaviour, which may result in secondary gain. It can be difficult to get patients to engage with health services, and they seldom admit to causing the lesions themselves. The possibility ...

BACKGROUND: Quality of oral screening examinations is dependent upon the experience of the clinician and can vary widely. Deciding when a patient needs to be referred is a critical and difficult decision for general practice clinicians. A device to aid in this decision would be beneficial. The objective of this ...

BACKGROUND: To investigate whether the immunohistochemical expression of GLUT-1 and HIF-1α is related to the diagnosis and pathogenesis of oral vascular lesions. STUDY METHODS: Thirty cases each of pyogenic granuloma (PG) and hemangioma were studied. Antibodies against GLUT-1 and HIF-1α were detected by immunoperoxidase staining in 3-μm histological sections, and ...

Background. It is known that benign tumors have the potential for malignant transformation. Malignant transformation of vagus nerve schwannoma to angiosarcoma is very rare. Methods. We report a case of malignant transformation, where initial diagnosis was subsequently altered to angiosarcoma originating from the vagus nerve. We compare the findings of ...

Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) of the cervix in women older than 40 years of age is extremely rare. Embryonal RMS can appear deceptively benign both clinically and histopathologically. Diagnosis is made on the basis of histomorphologic and immunohistochemical findings. A high index of suspicion is, however, needed to make the diagnosis, as ...

The rate of soft tissue metastases and the importance of abdominal ultrasonography in initial staging of canine skeletal osteosarcoma (OSA) are not known. The purpose of this study was to determine whether abdominal ultrasonography should be performed routinely at initial diagnosis of skeletal OSA or if certain abnormal physical examination ...

Desmoplastic fibroma (DF) is a benign intra-osseous neoplasm characterized by the formation of abundant collagen fibers. It arises most commonly in the jaws and exhibits local aggressiveness and high recurrence rates after local resection. An uncommon case of expansive DF involving the right maxilla, maxillary sinus, and inferior orbital wall of ...

Pleuropulmonary blastoma (PPB) is a rare, aggressive, intrathoracic mesenchymal neoplasm associated with cystic lung lesions. The authors describe an 8-month-old male who underwent thoracoscopic left upper lobectomy for a cystic lung lesion initially diagnosed as congenital pulmonary airway malformation. Pathology revealed type I PPB.

BACKGROUND: We investigated whether molecular prognostic factors should be evaluated in specimens of the primary or the metastatic lesion and if the prognosis after initial pulmonary metastasectomy can be predicted based on evaluation of metastatic lesion specimens in osteosarcoma patients. METHODS: This retrospective study included 29 osteosarcoma patients with pulmonary ...

Purpose: To evaluate the diagnostic role of core needle biopsy (CNB) in sonographically suspicious thyroid nodules with initially benign cytologic results through a histologic analysis of CNB specimens. Methods: Between October 2008 and July 2011, 88 patients underwent ultrasound (US)-guided CNB for initially benign cytologic results with suspicious US features ...

: Pediatric postfracture cystic bone lesions are most commonly found on routine follow-up radiographs of distal radius fractures. After their discovery, there is often a discussion of the need for further radiologic imaging or operative intervention. : We present 3 cases in which all the 3 pediatric patients had a ...

Neurocutaneous melanosis is an extremely rare disease characterized by large or multiple congenital melanocytic nevi and benign or malignant proliferation of melanocytes in the central nervous system. Neurological manifestations usually develop during the first three years of life and the prognosis of patients with NCM who manifest neurological symptoms is ...

Fibrocartilaginous dysplasia (FCD) has occasionally led to a misdiagnosis and wrong decision which can significantly alter the outcome of the patients. A 9-yr-old boy presented with pain on his left distal thigh for 6 months without any trauma history. Initial radiographs showed moth eaten both osteolytic and osteosclerotic lesions and ...

A 21-year-old man presented to genitourinary (GU) medicine physicians with (initially) painful penile and scrotal swelling. A diagnosis of ano-genital granulomatosis was confirmed on histological analysis of penile skin. Enquiring about systemic symptoms resulted in the additional diagnosis of gastrointestinal Crohn's disease. The patient is now receiving immunosuppressive therapy to ...

BACKGROUND: Gastric atypical epithelium on endoscopic biopsy is borderline lesions between benign and malignant. Definitive management of this lesion remains debatable. AIMS: We aimed to analyze the final histological diagnosis for atypical epithelium on endoscopic biopsy and to examine the discrepancy rate between the final histological diagnosis and the initial ...

Teeth with periapical lesions can undergo successful orthodontic treatment, but conventional protocols indicate that such teeth should be endodontically stabilized prior to such treatment. A case report is presented where such endodontic stabilization was not possible, yet a chronic periapical lesion resolved as orthodontic treatment progressed. This paper will discuss ...

An adolescent boy whose initial presentation consisted of an asymmetric, nonvesicular rash was eventually diagnosed with dermatitis herpetiformis (DH). Certain factors, including lesions limited to the genitals, an initial biopsy revealing nonspecific findings on microscopy studies, and the absence of characteristic direct immunofluorescence findings lessened initial clinical suspicions of DH ...

Malignant cardiac tumours occurring on the left side are vanishingly rare entities. We describe a case of a 73-year-old male who underwent surgery for a left-sided cardiac tumour following initial presentation with transient ischaemic attacks. In addition to the unusual presentation and subsequent metastatic pattern to the femur, the tumour's ...

Peripheral lymphadenopathy is a rare presentation in malignant mesothelioma. We describe a unique case of malignant mesothelioma arising in an 11-year-old boy, for whom peripheral lymphadenopathy was the initial manifestation of the disease. The final diagnosis was confirmed by a broad panel of immunohistochemical markers. Literature review disclosed only 2 ...

OBJECTIVES: Very few cases of arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) associated with gliomas were reported so far in the literature. METHODS: Here, we report a rare case of a glioblastoma with an AVM-like lesion and review the existing literature. RESULTS: We report an unusual case of a 72-year old woman, who presented ...

We report a case of a periosteal chondroma of the proximal tibia in an 11-year-old girl, which was initially misdiagnosed as Osgood-Schlatter's disease. The absence of pain and meticulous analysis of the imaging findings on initial and follow-up plain radiographs, ultrasound and MRI allowed to suggest the diagnosis of a ...

Bronchopulmonary foregut malformations (BPFMs) include a wide variety of malformations such as intralobar or extralobar pulmonary sequestration, foregut duplication cysts, and diverticula of the gastrointestinal or pulmonary tree (Srikanth et al., 1992). Those anomalies in which a tract between the respiratory and alimentary systems exists are termed communicating bronchopulmonary foregut ...

Keratocystic odontogenic tumours are known for their peculiar behaviour, varied origin, debated development, unique tendency to recur and disputed treatment modalities. Thus, it has been the subject of much research over the last 40 years. It was formerly known as odontogenic keratocyst (OKC). OKC received its new title as keratocystic ...

Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) is a rarely encountered condition during pregnancy. A 21-year-old pregnant woman with labour pains was hospitalized in our clinic. Diagnosis of severe preeclampsia was made based on her clinical and laboratory findings. She suffered from convulsive episodes during postpartum period which lead to initiation of ...

A 64-year-old female was referred to the on-call surgical team by her general practitioner with a 2-week history of feeling generally unwell; more short of breath with lethargy and myalgia with a 2-day history of right upper quadrant abdominal pain. On initial assessment she was tachycardic and an abdominal examination ...

Pulmonary sclerosing haemangioma  is a rare lung tumour with a preponderance for Asian oriental women. Typically a well-circumscribed, solitary lesion with benign characteristics, there are concerns of malignant potential including regional lymph node metastases. Four histological subtypes exist. Diagnosis can be challenging as patients are usually asymptomatic and radiological findings ...

We herein report the case of a 77-year-old man admitted for an acute cutaneous infection and persistent fever. A physical examination revealed systemic small blisters and scrotal swelling. He was suspected of having complications from chickenpox or bullous impetigo as the initial diagnosis. Nocardia was detected on an aspiration biopsy ...

Neuroblastoma is the most common malignancy in children less than one year of age, but is rare in adults. Adult neuroblastoma differs from pediatric cases by lacking classical features including low incidence of MYCN amplification, elevated urinary catecholamimes, and MIBG avidity. The diagnosis may not be initially considered because of ...

A retrospective, cohort study of pregnant adolescents with abnormal cervical cytology including: atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS), low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL) and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) was done to determine the regression, persistence and progression of abnormal cervical cytology in adolescent pregnancies. Follow-up cervical cytology within ...

Histopathologic diagnosis of tubal intraepithelial carcinoma (TIC) has emerged as a significant challenge in the last few years. The avoidance of pitfalls in the diagnosis of TIC is crucial if a better understanding of its natural history and outcome is to be achieved. Herein, we present a case of a ...

BACKGROUND: We evaluated the usefulness of follow-up BRAF(V600E) mutation analysis using ultrasonography-guided fine-needle aspiration (US-FNA) in diagnosis of thyroid nodules showing negative BRAFV600E mutation on prior analysis. METHODOLOGYPRINCIPAL FINDING: A total of 49 patients (men: 6, women: 43, mean age: 50.4 years) with 49 thyroid nodules were included. Patients had ...

Optic nerve tuberculomas are rarely reported and their natural history, prognosis, and duration of required treatment remain unclear. A 40-year-old immunocompetent male presented with complete loss of vision in his right eye, which had evolved over 6 weeks. He had optic atrophy on examination. Initial imaging showed right optic nerve ...

Detection of acute kidney injury is undergoing a dynamic revolution of biomarker technology allowing greater, earlier, and more accurate determination of diagnosis, prognosis, and with powerful implication for management. Biomarkers can be broadly considered as any measurable biologic entity or process that allows differentiation between normal function and injury or ...

Apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is an atypical phenotype of nonobstructive HCM with an indistinguishable histology. In Japan this apical variant constitutes ap-proximately 25% of patients with HCM. Electrocardiogram typically shows repolarization changes and giant (>10 mm), inverted T waves in the anterolateral leads. Transthoracic echocardiography is the initial test of ...

We report a case of neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) examined by infrared fundus autofluorescence (IR-FAF) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) to characterize the associated choroidal abnormalities. The conventional ophthalmoscopic findings were unremarkable. However, IR-FAF revealed multiple bright patchy lesions in the choroid of the posterior pole, in both eyes. OCT ...

In this multicenter study, we investigated the management algorithm for thyroid nodules with benign cytology using US features from data collected from 7 institutions. The institutional review board approved this retrospective study. Data on 700 focal thyroid nodules in 673 consecutive patients were collected from 7 university-affiliated hospitals. This study ...

We present a case of a young woman who was initially diagnosed with acute stroke with no obvious risk factors. Preliminary investigation with transthoracic echocardiography and subsequent advanced imaging with transoesophageal echocardiography suggested the diagnosis of a benign cardiac tumour on the anterior leaflet of mitral valve. The patient underwent ...

A 70-year-old woman with a recent diagnosis of dermatomyositis (DM) presented to the dermatology department for study of a probably paraneoplastic syndrome. On examination, we observed discrete, indurated, reddish, painful plaques and nodules on her abdomen and both thighs. A cutaneous biopsy from an abdominal nodule, performed as part of ...

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignant haematological disease characterised by clonal proliferation of malignant plasma cells in the bone marrow. MM is expressed by diffuse infiltration of the bone marrow, focal bone lesions and extra-medullary lesions. Conventional staging follows the Salmon and Durie classification, which was recently revised (Salmon and ...

BACKGROUND We previously described two dynamics of contrast enhancement in scans of active multiple sclerosis lesions: Medium-sized, early lesions enhance centrifugally, whereas larger, slightly older lesions enhance centripetally. Due to technical limitations, our previous study did not characterize lesions < 5 mm in diameter, cortical enhancement, and anatomical structures within ...

Surgical success for the combination of truncus arteriosus with unbalanced atrioventricular septal defect is limited. A low incidence and a poor understanding of these lesions, along with a dismal outcome, have made comfort care a common option. We report our experience with initial successful palliation of this combined lesion in ...

A unilateral facet dislocation noted in a 17-year-old boy after an axial cervical trauma proved to be an incidentally encountered preexisting lesion, most likely originating from a forceps delivery at birth. The surgical treatment initially considered was converted to a conservative approach, with full clinical recovery.

Less than 10% of chondrosarcomas occur in children. In addition, as little as 0.5% of low-grade chondrosarcomas arise secondarily from benign chondroid lesions. The presence of focal pain is often used to crudely distinguish a chondrosarcoma (which is usually managed with wide surgical excision), from a benign chondroid lesion (which ...

A case is presented of a 14-year-old female undergoing orthodontic fixed appliance treatment who presented with right facial swelling in the parotid region. An initial diagnosis of acute infective parotitis was made by her primary care clinician. However, after clinical examination and ultrasonographic imaging, a diagnosis of salivary stasis secondary ...

This study aimed to provide the initial laparoscopy results as well as the results after a 16-month follow-up of a 78-year-old patient with tuberculous peritonitis. Imaging and laboratory examinations were performed for preliminary diagnosis, and laparoscopy and Gram staining were used for definitive diagnosis. The initial laparoscopy results showed the ...

A 37-year old general practitioner thought to be in good health presented to the ophthalmology department with palinopsia, headaches and transient visual obscurations. A CT scan revealed a large destructive lesion centred on the occiput and stealth guided excisional biopsy of the occipital lesion showed diffuse large B cell, Non-Hodgkin's ...

Skin necrosis and limb gangrene are occasional thrombotic manifestations of anticoagulation therapy. We report a man heterozygous for the Factor V Leiden (FVL) mutation, and with a history of recurrent deep venous thrombosis, who initially presented with a necrotic skin lesion of the right flank while on warfarin therapy with ...

We describe in detail three cases of primary bone lymphoma (PBL), initially treated as osteomyelitis of unknown etiology. These cases show which difficulties can occur with diagnosing this entity and highlight the urgent need for rapid diagnostic results in the field of bone pathology. Case 1: A 22-year-old man with ...

BACKGROUND: Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMN) may represent a field defect of pancreatic ductal instability. The relative risk of carcinoma in regions remote from the radiographically identified cyst remains poorly defined. This study describes the natural history of IPMN in patients initially selected for resection or surveillance. METHODS: Patients with ...