To understand vendor perspectives regarding changes made in 2009 to the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infant, and Children (WIC) food package. Fifty-two in-depth, qualitative interviews with owners or managers of small stores in 8 urban areas across 7 states conducted 6-12 months after the changes. Store owners experienced ...

To understand perceived influences on consumption of fruits, vegetables, and fast foods for urban, low-income African Americans. Semi-structured interviews with 33 African American adults from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, using continuous, iterative, thematic analysis. Influences on dietary behaviors that emerged included economic considerations; food characteristics; health concerns and health effects; participants' personal ...

Biltoft-Jensen A., Trolle E., Christensen T., Islam N., Andersen L.F., Egenfeldt-Nielsen S. & Tetens I. (2012) WebDASC: a web-based dietary assessment software for 8-11-year-old Danish children. J Hum Nutr Diet. ABSTRACT: Background:  The present study describes the development and formative evaluation of the Web-based Dietary Assessment Software for Children (WebDASC). ...

Predators are often confronted with a broad diversity of potential prey. They rely on cues associated with prey quality and palatability to optimize their hunting success and to avoid consuming toxic prey. Here, we investigate a predator's ability to assess prey cues during capture, handling, and consumption when confronted with ...

Objectives. We sought to better understand the prevalence and consequences of food insecurity among American Indian families with young children. Methods. Parents or caregivers of kindergarten-age children enrolled in the Bright Start study (dyad n = 432) living on the Pine Ridge Reservation in South Dakota completed a questionnaire on their child's ...

Since the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) statement on mesh in July of 2011, there has been controversy regarding synthetic mesh repairs for vaginal prolapse. In this article, we review the biochemical basis for the use of synthetic mesh in prolapse repair as well as clinical results of anterior ...

OBJECTIVE: To examine the roles of gender and race in students' determinants of food choices on a college campus. METHODS: A total of 405 college students participated in a survey entitled "Campus Food: You Tell Us!" Chi-square and logistic regression were used to examine associations between demographics and food choice ...

Nematomorph parasites manipulate crickets to enter streams where the parasites reproduce. These manipulated crickets become a substantial food subsidy for stream fishes. We used a field experiment to investigate how this subsidy affects the stream community and ecosystem function. When crickets were available, predatory fish ate fewer benthic invertebrates. The ...

ABSTRACT: INTRODUCTION: Mexican-origin women in the U.S. living in colonias (new-destination Mexican-immigrant communities) along the Texas-Mexico border suffer from a high incidence of food insecurity and diet-related chronic disease. Understanding environmental factors that influence food-related behaviors among this population will be important to improving the well-being of colonia households. This ...

In the industrialized world, functional foods have become a part of an everyday diet, and are demonstrated to offer potential health benefits beyond the widely accepted nutritional effects. Currently, the most important and frequently used functional food compounds are probiotics and prebiotics, or as they are collectively known as 'Synbiotics'. ...

The prevalence of food allergies in the pediatric population has risen significantly in the past decade. School districts and advocacy groups have made progress in developing systematic approaches to address pediatric food allergies; however, the widespread variance in child care settings, organization, and staff training still presents unique challenges. Addressing ...

Objective: Women play a critical role in men's dietary health, but how men think about the nature and mechanisms of their wives' influence on their eating behavior is not well understood. This study examined how African American men described the roles their wives played in shaping their eating behavior. Methods: ...

While the number of scholars working on the broad topic of food has never been greater, the topic is still divided among numerous disciplines and specialists who do not often communicate with each other. This paper discusses at some of the deep differences between disciplinary approaches, and concludes that food ...

[Formula: see text] [ The consumer Ceriodaphnia reticulata. This experiment used a very similar species to the one shown here, namely Ceriodaphnia reticulata. This freshwater cladoceran grazer can consume phytoplankton species that have a maximal axial dimension of upto ∼35 μm. As a result, Pediastrum simplex (CPCC 431), Fragilaria crotonensis (CPCC ...

In-store food marketing can influence food-purchasing behaviors and warrants increased attention given the dramatic rise in obesity. Descriptive and experimental studies of key marketing components have been conducted by consumer scientists, marketing researchers, and public health experts. This review synthesizes research and publications from industry and academic sources and provides ...

Products of unknown safety and efficacy were once referred to as "quackery," and the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) was empowered to protect public health by preventing their sale and forcing them from the market. However, in 1994, the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act legitimized their sale as ...

Persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia of infancy (PHHI) is the most common cause of neonatal hypoglycemia. Feeding plays a major role in its management. We evaluated the magnitude of food aversion among our patients with PHHI. A retrospective medical record review was conducted for patients with PHHI managed during the last 15 ...

Chronic malnutrition in children remains highly prevalent in Laos, particularly among ethnic minority groups. There is limited knowledge of specific nutrition practices among these groups. We explored nutritional status, cultural beliefs and practices of Laos' Khmu ethnic group to inform interventions for undernutrition as part of a Primary Health Care ...

Nutrition facts panels (NFPs) contain a rich assortment of nutrition information and are available on most food packages. The importance of this information is potentially even greater among older adults due to their increased risk for diet-related diseases, as well as those with goals for dietary modifications that may impact ...

Study design:A single centre survey.Objectives:The objective of this study is to (1) assess patients' food intake and (2) measure satisfaction with current food provision, as judged by patients and by stakeholders (medical and nursing staff, managers and catering staff).Methods:Standardised questionnaires were used to record food intake over a 24-h period, ...

OBJECTIVE: Application of the Transtheoretical Model (TTM) to Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program Education (SNAP-Ed) evaluation and development and validation of an evaluation tool used to measure TTM constructs is described. METHODS: Surveys were collected from parents of children receiving food at Summer Food Service Program sites prior to SNAP-Ed participation. ...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: It is well known that many aspects of food allergy are lacking sufficient research and publication. Practising evidence-based medicine in this field is, therefore, a particular challenge. Internationally, there is considerable variation in practices and no agreed treatment pathways. The time was right to review the evidence ...

This document provides the latest recommendations for evaluation of gestational carriers and intended parents. It incorporates recent information from the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the US Food and Drug Administration, and the American Association of Tissue Banks, with which all programs offering gestational carrier services must be ...

Food ingredient fraud and economically motivated adulteration are emerging risks, but a comprehensive compilation of information about known problematic ingredients and detection methods does not currently exist. The objectives of this research were to collect such information from publicly available articles in scholarly journals and general media, organize into a ...

Research has shown that traditional food safety training programs and strategies to promote hand hygiene increases knowledge of the subject. However, very few studies have been conducted to evaluate the impact of food safety training on food handlers' attitudes about good hand hygiene practices. The objective of this meta-analytical study ...

Kochujang is a traditional Korean fermented food that is made with red pepper, glutinous rice, salt, and soybean. Kochujang is fermented by naturally occurring microorganisms through which it obtains various health-promoting properties. In this study, the bacterial diversities of 9 local and 2 commercial brands of kochujang were analyzed with ...

To assess the use and understanding of the Nutritional information Panel (NIP) of pre-packaged foods by Mexican consumers. A questionnaire and an understanding test for NIP were applied to adult consumers in supermarkets of six cities in the Northern, Central, and Southern regions of Mexico. Data were analyzed by frequencies ...

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of a healthy school tuck shop program, developed as a way of creating a healthy and nutritional school environment, on students' access to healthy foods. Five middle schools and four high schools (775 students) participated in the healthy school tuck ...

The hand hygiene behavior of 400 middle school students (grades 1-3) in Seoul and Gyeonggi-Do was studied to determine how stages of change were affected by food safety education, focusing on hand hygiene and general food safety. Subjects were 51.3% male and 44.3% of study subjects were first graders of ...

Among children with food allergy, we aim to describe differences in allergy severity by sociodemographic characteristics and potential differences in healthcare characteristics according to food allergy severity. Using the 2007 National Survey of Children's Health, we identified children with food allergies based on parental report (n = 4,657). Food allergic children were ...

A large part of the research focus on food constituents in the 20th century was toward health-detrimental contaminants-pathogens, toxins, chemical residues, and some food additives. This is reflected in the publications in the Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry and other journals. This era witnessed the formation of the U.S. ...

Studies of ecological networks (the web of interactions between species in a community) demonstrate an intricate link between a community's structure and its long-term viability. It remains unclear, however, how much a community's persistence depends on the identities of the species present, or how much the role played by each ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: The timing of complementary food introduction is controversial. Providing information on the timing of dietary introduction is crucial to the primary prevention of food allergy. The American Academy of Pediatrics offers dietary recommendations that were updated in 2008. OBJECTIVE: Identify the recommendations that general pediatricians and registered dietitians ...

OBJECTIVE:: To summarize the validity and reliability of child/adolescent food frequency questionnaires that assess food and/or food groups. METHODS:: We performed a systematic review of child/adolescent (6-18 years) food frequency questionnaire studies published between January 2001-December 2010 using MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, PsycINFO, and Google Scholar. Main inclusion criteria were: peer-reviewed, ...

  Effective food safety and food defense risk communication helps to inform consumers without causing panic and alarm. The Risk Communication Team of the Natl. Center for Food Protection and Defense has developed a list of 11 best practices recommended for effective risk communication. These practices, designed for a food ...

OBJECTIVE: While children's magazines 'blur the lines' between editorial content and advertising, this medium has escaped the calls for government restrictions that are currently associated with food advertisements aired during children's television programming. The aim of this study was to address significant gaps in the evidence base in relation to ...

Scand J Caring Sci; 2012; Patients' lived experiences of a reduced intake of food and drinks during illness: a literature review Aim:  This study aims to identify patients' lived experiences of having a reduced intake of food and drink during illness, through a literature review. Methods:  Scientific studies were selected ...

This paper reports on a complex environmental approach to addressing 'wicked' health promotion problems devised to inform policy for enhancing food security and physical activity among Māori, Pacific and low-income people in New Zealand. This multi-phase research utilized literature reviews, focus groups, stakeholder workshops and key informant interviews. Participants included ...

Abstract This manuscript describes the follow-up study of our previous publication on the presence and risks of nanosilica in food. New information on the presence of nanosilica in the gastrointestinal tract is evaluated and information on nanosilica and Synthetic Amorphous Silica (SAS) is compared to asses its relevance for risk ...

Developmental psychologists have devoted significant attention to investigating how children learn from others' actions, emotions, and testimony. Yet most of this research has examined children's socially guided learning about artifacts. The present article focuses on a domain that has received limited attention from those interested in the development of social ...

The aim of this research was to work collaboratively with an urban Aboriginal community to understand meanings of food and food insecurity and strengthen responses to this issue. The project took place at the Wathaurong Aboriginal Cooperative in Geelong, South Eastern Australia in 2009-2010. Photo-voice research methods were used to ...

The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) recently proposed a partial alignment of their respective review processes for new medical products. The proposed "parallel review" not only offers an opportunity for some products to reach the market with Medicare coverage more ...

The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) was established as a regulatory agency to protect the public health by ensuring that foods, medications, devices, and many other products are safe, effective, and properly labeled. William Abrams demonstrated that scientists from the pharmaceutical industry and the FDA can work together with ...

My favorite food is Japanese cuisine. The most important thing I learned from my parents is a love for dedicated and reliable craftsmanship.

Is hiding medicine in food ever ethically justified?

Grantmakers In Health (GIH) convened a group of grantmakers, researchers, and practitioners on November 4, 2011, for an Issue Dialogue discussing the intersection of food and health. The program focused on the current U.S. food system and approaches that foundations can employ to improve food access and nutrition.

We tested for unintended mercury contamination problems associated with estuarine floodplain restoration projects of the Louisiana coastal zone, USA. Barataria Bay and Breton Sound are two neighboring deltaic estuaries that were isolated by levees from the Mississippi River about 100 years ago. These estuaries recently have been reconnected to the ...

The proper procedures for the measurement of amounts of compounds that may occur in a food or other matrices are presented in this perspective. Factors dealt with include sampling, use of standards, advantages and limitations of chromatographic and other techniques for quantitation, and proper presentation and reporting of data. Such ...

Food allergies can result in life-threatening reactions and diminish quality of life. In the last several decades, the prevalence of food allergies has increased in several regions throughout the world. Although more than 170 foods have been identified as being potentially allergenic, a minority of these foods cause the majority ...

Efficient coding, redundancy reduction, and other information theoretic optimization principles have successfully explained the organization of many biological phenomena, from the physiology of sensory receptive fields to the variability of certain DNA sequence ensembles. Here we examine the hypothesis that behavioral strategies that are optimal for survival must necessarily involve ...