A generic method to screen for new or unexpected contaminants at ppm levels in food has been developed. The method comprises an acidic acetonitrile extraction, detection with ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionisation time-of-flight mass spectrometry and statistical evaluation using a metabolomics approach comparing suspected contaminated food with uncontaminated ...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the validity and reproducibility of a 122-item interviewer-administered quantitative FFQ developed to determine food and nutrient intakes of adults in Botswana. DESIGN: Relative validity of the FFQ was evaluated by comparing nutrient and food group intakes against four non-consecutive 24 h recalls administered over 12 months. The ...

Background: Nutritional biomarkers have several advantages in acquiring data for epidemiological and clinical studies over traditional dietary assessment tools, such as food frequency questionnaires. While food frequency questionnaires constitute a subjective methodology, biomarkers can provide a less biased and more accurate measure of specific nutritional intake. A precise estimation of ...

Children with food-specific IgE (FSIgE) ≤2 kUa/L to milk, egg, or peanut (or ≤5kUa/L to peanut without history of previous reaction) are appropriate candidates for oral food challenge (OFC) to investigate resolution of food allergy, because these FSIgE cutoffs are associated with ∼50% likelihood of negative OFC. This study was ...

BACKGROUND:: We assessed the association between dietary diversity and CD4 count, moderate anemia, and mortality among 876 antiretroviral therapy (ART) naive people living with HIV infection (PLHIV) in Uganda. METHODS:: Participants were interviewed and followed for an average of 21.6 months. Dietary diversity was measured using the Individual Dietary Diversity ...

Attention on beverage intake, specifically sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB), has increased in recent years. A brief valid, reliable and sensitive assessment tool for quantifying beverage consumption and determining its influence on weight status could help to advance research on this topic. The valid and reliable 15-item beverage questionnaire (BEVQ-15) estimates mean ...

Food-based dietary guidelines (FBDG) aim to address the nutritional requirements at population level in order to prevent diseases and promote a healthy lifestyle. Diet quality indices can be used to assess the compliance with these FBDG. The present study aimed to investigate whether the newly developed Diet Quality Index for ...

An unconventional system for separate collection of food waste was investigated through evaluation of three full-scale systems in the city of Malmö, Sweden. Ground food waste is led to a separate settling tank where food waste sludge is collected regularly with a tank-vehicle. These tank-connected systems can be seen as ...

Dr. Bland takes issue with several aspects of our study design. Whereas our level of access to feather meal from rendering plants was likely much more limited than that of industry- or FDA-sponsored research 1,2,3, our study size was comparable to prior work. Other studies analyzed between 10 and 30 ...

BACKGROUND: The diagnostic gold standard of food allergy is the oral food challenge (OFC). Data on severe reactions and drug use during OFC are scarce. Our aims were (i) to investigate the prevalence and spectrum of reactions' severity during OFC and to assess drug use and epinephrine use in anaphylaxis ...

Background: Cow's milk allergy (CMA) is one of the causes of gastrointestinal symptoms in neonates. A relationship between non-immunoglobulin (Ig) E mediated allergic reactions and CMA in early infancy has been proposed, but the clinical features and pathogenesis have not been established. The objective of this study is to determine ...

The purpose of this study was to determine the food behaviors of nutritionally high-risk seniors as a function of their racial background, gender, marital status, and education level. A total of 69 seniors were identified to be at high nutritional risk using the Nutrition Screening Initiative (NSI) checklist. A supplemental ...

BACKGROUND: Evidence of a relationship between residential retail food environments and diet-related outcomes is inconsistent. One reason for this may be that food environments are typically defined in terms of the absolute number of particular store types in an area, whereas a measure of the relative number of healthy and ...

Refrigerated processed foods of extended durability (REPFEDs) are a heterogeneous group of food products. This study assesses the microbial safety and quality along the production process in five REPFED companies. Samples were taken of raw materials (n=123), intermediate products (n=123), end products at production day (n=45) and at end of ...

Food and beverage packaging has been identified as a contributing factor to malnutrition among elderly patients in hospitals. The focus of this research was to describe the types of food and beverage packaging used in NSW hospitals, determine the 'problematic' packaging from the users' perspective, investigate the effect of hand ...

Expected satiety informs self-selected portion sizes and thereby influences energy intake. At present the extent to which these beliefs are learned remains unclear. In an initial study the proposition that familiarity influences expected satiety was explored. Self-report measures of familiarity, along with other measures such as degree of liking, were ...

BACKGROUND: Cowpea is mostly utilised as cooked whole seeds. This is often achieved only after boiling for up to 2 h, resulting in high energy consumption and a long time for food preparation. Micronisation of pre-conditioned cowpeas reduces their cooking time. Micronisation changes the physicochemical properties of cowpea seeds, which ...

PURPOSE: Food allergy can have a profound effect on quality of life (QoL) of the family. The Food Allergy Quality of Life-Parental Burden Questionnaire (FAQL-PB) was developed on a US sample to assess the QoL of parents with food allergic children. The aim of this study was to examine the ...

SUMMARY In 2010, 7/44 (16%) reported foodborne outbreaks in Finland were linked with raw beetroot consumption. We reviewed data from the national outbreak registry in order to hypothesize the aetiology of illness and to prevent further outbreaks. In the seven outbreaks, 124 cases among 623 respondents were identified. Consumption of ...

In testing, it is necessary to obtain the correct measured values that reflect analyte concentrations in the lot. Control of the analytical performance and appropriate sampling are essential to obtain the correct values. In the present study, we estimated the distribution of the analyte concentrations in specific food product lots ...

Urban minority children are known to have high rates of asthma and allergic rhinitis, but little is known about food allergy in this population. To examine the prevalence and characteristics of food allergy in an urban pediatric population. A retrospective review of electronic medical records from children seen in the ...

To the Editor: In the study by Burks et al. (July 19 issue),(1) 22 of 40 patients (55%) passed the oral food challenge of 5 g of egg-white powder after 10 months of oral immunotherapy with egg-white powder. However, in the study by Burks et al., no oral food challenge ...

To the Editor: In the study by Burks et al. (July 19 issue),(1) 22 of 40 patients (55%) passed the oral food challenge of 5 g of egg-white powder after 10 months of oral immunotherapy with egg-white powder. However, in the study by Burks et al., no oral food challenge ...

  Cronobacter are opportunistic food-borne pathogens associated with meningitis, sepsis, and necrotizing enterocolitis. Little attempt has focused on detection of viable cell of Cronobacter spp. in dry aquatic products, which were frequently used for raw materials of infant foods due to high nutrition. In this paper, one-step reverse transcription polymerase ...

To the Editor: In the study by Burks et al. (July 19 issue),(1) 22 of 40 patients (55%) passed the oral food challenge of 5 g of egg-white powder after 10 months of oral immunotherapy with egg-white powder. However, in the study by Burks et al., no oral food challenge ...

To the Editor: In the study by Burks et al. (July 19 issue),(1) 22 of 40 patients (55%) passed the oral food challenge of 5 g of egg-white powder after 10 months of oral immunotherapy with egg-white powder. However, in the study by Burks et al., no oral food challenge ...

PURPOSE: Studies suggest that people who are food insecure are more likely to experience mental illness. However, little is known about which aspects of food insecurity place individuals most at risk of mental illness. The purpose of this study was to establish the prevalence of mental illness among food insecure ...

The level of some OCPs in human and cow milk collected from Asendabo, Serbo and Jimma in South-West Ethiopia were analyzed using GC-ECD. Results of the analysis indicated that all samples contained detectable quantities of p,p'-DDT and its metabolites, p,p-DDE and p,p-DDD, but none of the other OCPs analyzed. Mean ...

Usual intake estimates describe long-term average intake of food and nutrients and food contaminants. The frequencies of fish and shellfish intake over a 30-day period from National Health and Examination Survey (NHANES 1999-2006) were combined with 24-h dietary recall data from NHANES 2003-2004 using a Monte Carlo procedure to estimate ...

Commercial institutions have many factors to consider when implementing an effective recycling program. This study examined the effectiveness of three different types of recycling bins on recycling accuracy by determining the percent weight of recyclable material placed in the recycling bins, comparing the percent weight of recyclable material by type ...

Rats were initially trained in a symbolic delayed matching-to-sample task either to discriminate hedonic samples that consisted of food or no food or to discriminate tone samples that differed in frequency and location. The retention functions for both the hedonic and tone samples were asymmetric, with forgetting of the food ...

BACKGROUND: Reducing food residue by proper preparation methods before endoscopy after distal gastrectomy can increase the quality of examination and decrease patient discomfort. We evaluated the risk factors for food residue and proper methods of preparation for endoscopy after distal gastrectomy. METHODS: Follow-up endoscopy with questionnaires was performed on 1,001 ...

The main objective of this study was to assess the exposure of Catalonian (Spain) population to AFs. Thus, two sub-objectives were considered: 1) to assess the occurrence of AFs in food marketed in Catalonia, and 2) to assess the consumption of those foods susceptible to AFs contamination by Catalonian population. ...

Long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis) feed opportunistically in many habitats. The Burmese subspecies (M. f. aurea) inhabits coastal areas in southwestern Thailand and Myanmar, and some of their populations have adapted lithic customs for processing encased foods in intertidal habitats. We investigated the diet of such macaques in Laemson National Park, ...

Shigella spp are exquisitely fastidious Gram negative organisms that frequently get missed in the detection by traditional culture methods. For this reason, this work has adapted a classicalPCR for detection of Shigella in food and stool specimens to real-time PCR using theSYBR Green format. This method follows a melting curve ...

Over the past decade, an increased tendency to consume meals at dining facilities outside the home has been highlighted; moreover, meals supplied in food businesses have been involved in many foodborne disease outbreaks. Therefore, microbial air contamination in food processing facilities could be a concern and an increase of microbial ...

BACKGROUND: Dairy intake by college students is markedly lower than recommendations. Interventions to improve dairy intake based on Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) have potential to successfully change behavior by improving mediators that influence dietary choices. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to use SCT to improve social support, self-efficacy, outcome expectations, self-regulation, and ...

A labeling system for food allergenic ingredients was established in Japan in April 2002. To monitor the labeling, the Japanese government announced the official methods for detecting allergens in processed foods in November 2002. The official methods consist of quantitative screening tests using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) and qualitative confirmation ...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To provide an overview of clinical manifestations, diagnosis and pathophysiology of food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES), an under-recognized and often misdiagnosed nonimmunoglobulin E-mediated food hypersensitivity. This review will highlight updates on natural history and clinical management. RECENT FINDINGS: The main developments in FPIES involve epidemiology, common presentation ...

OBJECTIVE: To refine and validate an existing home food inventory (HFI) for low-income Somali- and Spanish-speaking families. DESIGN: Formative assessment was conducted using two focus groups, followed by revisions of the HFI, translation of written materials and instrument validation in participants' homes. SETTING: Twin Cities Metropolitan Area, Minnesota, USA. SUBJECTS: ...

Enhancing the quality and safety of dairy food is critical to maintaining the competitiveness of dairy products in the food and beverage market and in reinforcing consumer confidence in the dairy industry. Raw milk quality has a significant effect on finished product quality. Several microbial groups found in raw milk ...

The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) aims to alleviate hunger among its beneficiaries by providing benefits to purchase nutritious foods. We conducted a comprehensive dietary analysis of low-income adults and examined differences in dietary intake between SNAP participants and nonparticipants. The study population comprised 3835 nonelderly adults with a household ...

OBJECTIVE: The present study investigated Guarani village interviewees' diet changes over time, their perceptions about the changes and the effects of these changes on their health. DESIGN: The study employed qualitative methods with a sample of Guarani Indians selected by snowball sampling. Ethnographic methods and techniques included field diaries, informal ...

The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of inadequate micronutrient intake and excess sodium intake among adults age 19 years and older in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. Twenty-four-hour dietary recall and sociodemographic data were collected from each participant (n=1,663) in a cross-sectional study, Inquiry of ...

Fruit and vegetable (F/V) intake assessment tools that are valid, reliable, brief, and easy to administer and code are vital to the field of public health nutrition. To evaluate three short F/V intake screeners (ie, a 2-item serving tool, a 2-item cup tool, and a 16-item F/V intake screener) among ...

The accurate diagnosis of food allergy and its management has been the subject of two published guidelines, the National Institute of Health Sponsored Expert Panel Guidelines and the World Allergy Organization guidelines: Diagnosis and Rationale for Action Against Cow Milk Allergy. Both guidelines have drawn attention to the unique aspects ...

This study was performed to evaluate the validity of the food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), which is being used at the Samsung Medical Center. In total, 305 (190 males and 115 females) participants consented and completed the 3-day diet records and FFQ. Age, gender and energy-adjusted and de-attenuated correlations ranged from ...

Limited information is available on the nutritional status and the impact of supplements on nutrient adequacy in college students. This study aimed to assess nutritional status and evaluate the contribution of supplement use to overall nutrient adequacy in a sample of healthy college students. Sixty subjects (40 women and 20 ...

A variety of methods are available for assessing diet; however, many are impractical for large research studies in an institutional environment. Technology, specifically digital imaging, can make diet estimations more feasible for research. Our goal was to compare a digital imaging method of estimating regular and modified-texture main plate food ...

The consumption and food transfer efficiency of two commercially used termite bait materials, southern yellow pine wood and cardboard, and one potential bait material, maize (Zea mays L.) cob, were evaluated for use against the Formosan subterranean termite, Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae), in the laboratory. In the no-choice test, ...