The Monier-Williams distillation procedure has a long history of successful use for determining sulfite in fruit products and wine; however, a systematic evaluation of its accuracy and precision with other food matrices has not been undertaken. We found that the Monier-Williams distillation yielded greater than 90% recovery of sulfite added ...

It has been shown previously that dendritic reticulum cells (DRC) in human secondary lymphoid follicles possess an immunoreactive acid cysteine-proteinase inhibitor (ACPI). In the present study, lymph nodes from 12 patients with AIDS-related persistent generalized lymphadenopathy (PGL) were investigated in order to detect whether or not any alterations occur in ...

Sulfites are widely used as preservatives in the food and pharmaceutical industries. In the United States more than 250 cases of sulfite-related adverse reactions, including anaphylactic shock, asthmatic attacks, urticaria and angioedema, nausea, abdominal pain and diarrhea, seizures and death, have been reported, including 6 deaths allegedly associated with restaurant ...

Cephalic phase digestive responses may be particularly critical in determining our various reactions to different diets, since these responses are the first physiological adjustments to food. The potential importance of the cephalic responses is also underscored by the fact that many of the most important food attributes for humans--color, appearance, ...

Nine children with very severe adverse reactions to foods during the first 2 years of life were followed to determine the subsequent course of their reactions. Cautious challenges were given in these children over a period of time. Three of nine children can tolerate the offending food in usual portions; ...

The occurrence of sulfites in foods, drug products, and the environment; the characteristics of sulfite-sensitivity reactions; and the management of sulfite-sensitive individuals are reviewed. Sulfites are used in foods, beverages, and pharmaceuticals for their antioxidant properties; they are frequently used in restaurant foods to keep vegetables and fruits looking fresh. ...

Lumbar vertebral columns, removed from 23 male cadavers aged from 18 to 84 years, were tested for their reaction to a longitudinal traction load. Sustained lumbar traction using a load of 9 kg for 30 min was applied to each specimen. The amount of initial distraction and traction creep recorded. ...

Forty-five adult patients, referred to here as the index population, with a history of immediate adverse reactions after food ingestion were evaluated by history, physical examination, laboratory studies, and skin testing. Fifty-six percent of these patients reported adverse reactions to only one food, whereas 84% of the patients reported up ...

Fatal malignant hyperthermia occurred in a patient who was taking tranylcypromine (Parnate) and ingested wine and cheese. The case findings are presented along with a review of the literature concerning adverse interactions between monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors and certain foods and beverages. Hyperthermia and its possible causative mechanisms and treatments ...

The current toxicological status of sulphiting agents is reviewed, including evidence of adverse reactions to sulphited foods by a sub-population of asthmatics. Against this background are assessed the applications and benefits of sulphiting agents in foods. It is concluded that further information is required to determine the magnitude of risk ...

Thirty-seven patients with moderate or severe persistent atopic dermatitis gave a history of skin reactions following the ingestion of certain foods. These reactions fell into three groups: immediate reactions (within one hour) which included angio-oedema, contact urticaria, generalised itching and erythema, or urticaria; late reactions, where patients experienced late urticaria, ...

The complex mixture of molecules called food contains many types of molecules, some of which cause allergic or pseudo-allergic reactions in some humans. The identification of the antigenic molecules in the various foods and the type of allergic reaction they elicit is important for the satisfactory diagnosis in the individual ...

Allergic or pseudo-allergic reactions elicited by per os intake of foods, food additives or drugs may be based on one or several of the following immunopathologic mechanisms: 1) specific IgE bound to mast cells and/or basophils; 2) antigen-IgE soluble complexes hitting various target cells; 3) antigen-IgG complexes generating anaphylatoxins; 4) ...

The discovery of IgE in the mid-1960s resulted in a widespread view that allergy was the basis of most adverse reactions to food, but it is becoming increasingly clear that other, as yet poorly understood, mechanisms are responsible in the overwhelming majority of cases. This, together with the proliferation of ...

Food reactions in children may be divided into two types: immediate and delayed. Cow's milk, egg and peanuts are the most commonly implicated foods. Immediate food reactions are associated with the presence of specific IgE antibodies to the food concerned, although detection of specific IgE is of no help in ...

The Anaerobe Combo Panel (American MicroScan, Mahwah, N.J.) was evaluated for its ability to identify anaerobic bacteria. The frozen, 96-well panel utilizes 24 biochemical reactions and four antimicrobial agents for species identification. The Anaerobe Combo Panel was used to test 114 clinical isolates of strict anaerobes. Reactions were read after ...

The interaction of the argon laser with the mucous membrane of the upper aerodigestive tract was studied. The advantages of the argon laser are a small spot that can be varied in size and intensity, selective vascular absorption, the capability of being incorporated into a flexible delivery system, and a ...

In guinea pigs, macroscopic cutaneous reactions to initial (primary) Ixodes holocyclus feeding were first apparent at 96 hr post-tick attachment, peaked at 7 days (5 mm), and were gone by Day 14. Microscopic analyses of these primary tick feeding sites at 12, 24, 48, 72, and 96 hr post-attachment revealed ...

Foods may cause mental and behavioural symptoms by means of a variety of mechanisms. Food allergy is only one of many of these. The paper presents a brief overview of evidence, as of early 1982, concerning cerebral allergy, food addiction, the hypoglycaemias, caffeinism, hypersensitivity to chemical food additives, reactions to ...

A 42 year-old beekeeper who had an inhalant allergy to Compositeae pollen presented an adverse reaction while eating a honey which contained large numbers of Compositeae pollens. As she was not intolerant to honey of own production, which contained no Compositeae pollen, the adverse reaction seems to be attributed to ...

The feeding behavior of dogs in one-pan and two-pan tests was measured in the usual way (total food intake in the test) and at a fine-grained level (cumulative amount eaten on a moment-by-moment basis during the test). The four experiments reported studied dogs' reactions to different dry foods, and to ...

Several gastrointestinal diseases and symptoms have been attributed to food intolerance, but in only a few cases has the participation of immune mechanisms been confirmed. Acute or chronic gastroenteritis is commonly due to allergic reactions to food proteins, inflammatory diseases and infections, or the presence of immunological defects may induce ...

Diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH), a stable, intensely purple free radical, is used as a reagent in the quantitative determination of various aromatic and aliphatic thiols by indirect spectrophotometric analysis. Plots of degree of reaction vs. time show that thiophenol and its derivatives react more quickly than aliphatic thiols with DPPH. Calibration plots ...

We report 8 infants with immediate hypersensitivity reactions to foods (milk, egg, or peanut), occurring at the first-known exposure. Each developed symptoms within the first hour, but these generally settled within 2 hours. Sensitisation to the food concerned was demonstrated by positive immediate allergen skin prick tests in every case. ...

Twenty-four adult patients with adverse reactions to foods and food additives took part in a double-blind crossover study to compare the efficacy of oral sodium cromoglycate, 1600 mg daily, with placebo. Duration of treatment was eight weeks. There were statistically significant differences (p less than 0.01) in favor of active ...

In this paper we show that phosphoribomutase is induced in Bacillus cereus by the same metabolizable purine and pyrimidine ribonucleosides previously shown to induce the purine nucleoside phosphorylase (Tozzi, M.G., Sgarrella, F. and Ipata, P.L. (1981) Biochim. Biophys. Acta 678, 460-466). The mutase allows ribose 1-phosphate formed from nucleosides to ...

Protein is perhaps the most reactive of the major food components. During food processing, the essential amino acids, lysine, tryptophan, methionine and cyst(e)ine, may react with other food components causing a loss in amino acid bioavailability and sometimes a reduction in the digestibility of the whole protein molecule. This review ...

Contact urticaria is an immediate wheal response generated by a wide variety of contactants in susceptible individuals. These contactants can be divided into three categories based on their mechanism of action: nonimmunologic, allergic, and unknown. The list of known illicitors of CU is growing rapidly, and the syndrome is being ...

Intestinal allergic states are common, but so are misconceptions about them. Since cow milk is one of the most common foods to produce an adverse immunologic reaction, it serves here as a prototype of food allergy in general. The mechanism of this reaction and its clinical and laboratory manifestations vary ...

Observations of reversibility in the surface depletion of glycosaminoglycans in articular cartilage after experimental surgical operations focussed attention on whether the depletion always leads to osteoarthritis or may be an early nonspecific response of articular cartilage to differing injuries. Histologic sections obtained from the patellae of 42 rabbits were investigated ...

Serious sequalae to the ingestion of several foods such as egg, fish and milk--and the lack of profound reactions to chocolate--have been well documented. However, no comparable study exists in regard to peanut, which has long been known to be a patent antigen. This article explores the role of peanut ...

Of the various mechanisms proposed to explain the cytoprotective properties of prostaglandins, mucus discharge seems the most probable. Mild irritants capable of eliciting mucus release have also been shown to exert cytoprotection. It is suggested that prostaglandins act as mild irritants of the mucosa and that cytoprotection is a mucosal ...

Satietin, a potent endogenous anorectic substance separated from human serum, plays a role of a rate limiting satiety signal in the negative feed back of food intake. The selectivity of satietin on some behavioral tests (unconditioned avoidance reaction, one-way as well as two-way conditioning, open field, consolidated conditioned reflex) was ...

Internal corrosion in food cans is characterized by metallic dissolution which is an electrochemical reaction. In lacquered cans, corrosion may also cause disruption in the continuity of the lacquer film. These reactions may cause organoleptic changes in the product, loss of vacuum, swelling, and leaking in extreme cases. In some ...

9-epi-Leucomycin A5 has been obtained from leucomycin A5 (I) by the following reaction sequence. Leucomycin A5 (I) was treated with Collins reagent (CrO3-pyridine) in the presence of water (13%) to provide 9-dehydroleucomycin A5 (II) in 95% yield. The formyl group was internally protected by the reaction of II with acetic ...

1. One thousand individuals were asked whether they avoided any foods. Of the 560 replies 33% stated that they avoided one or more foods because they caused 'unpleasant physiological reactions'. 2. Adverse reactions to one of thirteen foods were reported by 1-4% of the respondents and it is suggested that ...

A short summary of the literature about the cytotoxic leucocyte test was presented. The results of 1824 CLTs involving 23 food allergens were analyzed. Of the foods tested malt, orange, rye, milk, corn, tomato, oats, wheat, brewers yeast and rice were the ten foods giving a reaction most often in ...

Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is a common and widely used food additive which has been passed as GRAS (generally recognized as safe) by the American Food and Drug Administration. However, it may have a significant adverse effect on certain individuals; the physician must be able to recognize the symptoms of MSG ...

The reaction time crossover (redundancy associated deficity) scores of 28 process schizophrenics, selected for the presence of crossover, were correlated with the crossover scores of 53 of their first-degree relatives (one to five relatives for each patient.). The resulting product-moment correlation coefficient was .27 (p < .05), thus lending support ...

Staling, as it is applied to bakery foods, is a generic term covering a number of changes that occur in the products during normal storage. Consumers judge staleness by direct perception, which provides a subjective estimate that represents an unconscious integration of many factors. This review will discuss the main ...

Reaction of 0.20M orthophosphate with 0.20M N,S-diacetylcysteamine in 0.40M imidazole at pH 7.0 or 8.0 under drying conditions at 50 degree C for 6 days yields pyrophosphate and tripolyphosphate in the presence and absence of 0.10M divalent metal ion. The efficiency of utilization of N,S-diacetylcysteamine in the formation of pyrophosphate ...

Adverse reactions to food may, in some cases, be due to IgE-mediated immune reactions to the ingested antigens. A mast cell protector has been shown to protect patients against challenge with food to which they are sensitive. An IgE-mediated intestinal anaphylaxis reaction in the rat has been developed as a ...

Patients with "aspirin disease" are often offered a diet devoid not only of food colorants and food preservatives but also of salicylic acid. In patients reacting with bronchial asthma after aspirin ingestion administration of large amounts of sodium salicylate did not elicit any reaction. It is therefore concluded that a ...

The principal reactions described in Guthrie and Horton's classic learning monograph appear to have been caused by the mere presence of the experimenters. Neither escape nor food reinforcement is necessary for the establishment of such responses. They are species-typical "greeting" reactions, readily elicited by the sight of human observers.

A 58-year-old pharmaceutical worker regularly developed asthma and rhinitis when handling bromelain, a purified protease of pineapple (Ananas comosus), at her work-place, where she had been employed for about 10 years. RAST and prick test showed strong positive reactions to bromelain. Both inhalation test with 0.03 mg bromelain and peroral ...

Thirty-two patients who reacted adversely to foods were given oral cromoglycate and placebo separately for two periods of seven days each. Adverse reactions were prevented by cromoglycate alone in 24. The symptoms responding to cromoglycate affected not only the gastrointestinal tract but also the skeletal, vascular and nervous systems.

Furan represent a class of compounds that have been reported in a wide variety of foods. Normally, they result from thermal decomposition reactions, and, as such, are important in foods. They also possess unique sensory properties and, thus, can significantly contribute to food flavor. This review shall attempt to summarize ...

We have studied a number of condensation reactions involving ImpU, ImpT, ImpC, ImpA, ImpG, ImpUgG and ImpCpA as activated nucleotide donors and a variety of homo- and hetero-polynucleotides as templates. We did not not obtain any evidence of a template effect with ImpU and ImpT, but observed some condensation of ...

In order to extend previous investigations of adverse reactions to foods performed at this institution, 68 children, aged 5 mo to 15 yr, were studied. All subjects reported a history of adverse reaction to ingestion of one or more of the 14 foods under study. Sixteen of 43 subjects, 3 ...

Serum alkaline phosphatase estimations by the Selected Method [Clin. Chem. 21, 1988 (1975)] are very sensitive to small errors in the wavelength setting of the spectrophotometer. With a setting error as small as 3 nm, results can be too low by as much as 23%. The product of the reaction, ...