Food allergy is among the most common of the allergic disorders, with a prevalence of 6-8 per cent in children up to the age of three. However, many people self-diagnose, putting their children at risk of malnutrition, possibly as a result of lack of awareness by health professionals of food ...

Epinephrine is the treatment of choice for anaphylaxis. Delay in administration of epinephrine is a known risk factor for food allergy reaction-related mortality; however, individuals with food allergy may not have epinephrine readily available. This study was designed to determine the percent of food-allergic children that have an epinephrine autoinjector ...

In the century since Paul Portier and Charles Richet described their landmark findings of severe fatal reactions in dogs re-exposed to venom after vaccination with sea anemone venom, treatment for anaphylaxis continues to evolve. The incidence of anaphylaxis continues to be difficult to measure. Underreporting due to patients not seeking ...

To identify the patient and dietary characteristics associated with low omega-3 levels in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and determine whether these characteristics are useful to identify patients who may benefit from omega-3 testing and treatment. Dietary habits of 1487 patients in the 24-center Translational Research Investigating Underlying disparities ...

Allergen detection and quantification is an essential part of allergen management as practiced by food manufacturers. Recently, protein MS methods (in particular, multiple reaction monitoring experiments) have begun to be adopted by the allergen detection community to provide an alternative technique to ELISA and PCR methods. MS analysis of proteins ...

Scope: Oral immunotherapy (OIT) involving continuous oral administration of allergenic foods has gained attention as a therapy for food allergies. To study the influence of oral administration of allergenic foods on gastrointestinal symptoms including inflammation, we established a mouse model of food-induced intestinal allergy. Methods and results: BALB/c mice were ...

Background: Cross-reactivity among plant food allergens belonging to the nonspecific lipid transfer protein (LTP) family is well known. In contrast, the relationship among these allergens and their putative homologs from olive (Ole e 7) and Parietaria (Par j 1) pollen has not been clarified. Methods: Sera with specific IgE to ...

BACKGROUND: Component-resolved diagnosis and microarray technology have been recently introduced into clinical allergy practice, and may be particularly useful in poly-sensitized allergic patients. METHODS: We compare the clinical usefulness of a microarray-based IgE detection assay (ISAC(®)) with skin tests and specific IgE with standard allergens (sIgE) or their monocomponents in ...

Objectives. To determine asthma and allergy phenotypes in unselected urban black teenagers and to associate bronchial hyper-responsiveness (BHR) with asthma, other atopic diseases and allergen sensitisation. Methods. This was a cross-sectional study of 211 urban high-school black children of Xhosa ethnicity. Modified ISAAC questionnaires regarding asthma, eczema and rhinitis were ...

This study aimed to explore the impact of food allergy on quality of life in children with food allergy and their primary caregivers, compared to a healthy non-food allergy comparison group. Food allergy children (n=34) and control children (n=15), aged 8-12, and their respective primary caregivers (n=30/n=13), completed generic quality ...

Objective: The goal of this study was to better estimate the prevalence and severity of childhood food allergy in the United States. Methods: A randomized, cross-sectional survey was administered electronically to a representative sample of US households with children from June 2009 to February 2010. Eligible participants included adults (aged ...

Abstract Perceived food hypersensitivity is a prevalent, but poorly understood condition. In this review article, we summarize narratively recent literature including results of our 10 years' interdisciplinary research program dealing with such patients. The patients (more than 400) included in our studies were all adults referred to a university hospital ...

Multiple national, state, and local organizations recommend that emergency action plans (EAPs) direct therapy of allergic reactions in schoolchildren. To investigate the school nurse's perception of food allergies and the presence of EAPs for food allergic students in Mississippi. An investigator-developed food allergy survey was offered to all Mississippi public ...

In the last years proteomic science has started to provide an important contribution to the disclosure of basic aspects of food-related diseases. Among these, the identification of proteins involved in food allergy and their mechanism of activation of toxicity. Elucidation of these key issues requires the integration of clinical, immunological, ...

The interplay between atopic dermatitis (AD) and food allergy is complex and subject to significant misconceptions both by the general public and the medical community. Childhood AD is a very prevalent disorder. In its moderate and severe forms, AD is a challenging disorder to manage from the perspective of the ...

The goal was to assess the effectiveness of specific immunotherapy (SIT) in reduction of symptoms and medication score in patients with immunoglobulin E (IgE) mediated extrinsic form of atopic dermatitis (AD); and to assess the effectiveness of oral immunotherapy (OIT) as "active" treatment to achieving tolerance for food(s) in patients ...

Fenugreek is a legume mostly used as a spice in Indian-style cooking. Although it has been used since ancient times, its allergenicity has only been reported in the last two decades. It poses special problems as an emerging and often hidden allergen. Fenugreek exposure may have serious implications also for ...

Pediatric eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a newly recognized antigen-induced form of chronic esophagitis (CE). Characterization of long-term clinical outcomes in patients with pediatric EoE is needed. From histologic review of 3817 pediatric esophageal biopsy specimens from 1982-1999, we conducted a nested case-control study of patients with retrospectively identified histologic eosinophilic ...

Food allergies are recognised as a major paediatric health problem in Western countries, affecting 6% to 8% of children up to the age of three years. Food allergy symptoms can be very severe or subtle and sometimes overlooked. Following a Department of Health review of allergy services in 2006, the ...

The prevalence of food allergy in children in the UK is now around 5%. The number of children put on restricted diets by their parents because of presumed allergy is likely to be much higher. Accurate diagnosis of food allergy is essential in order to ensure that the correct foods ...

The prevalence of atopic dermatitis (AD) in school-age children has increased in industrialized countries. As diet is one of the main factors provoking AD, some studies have suggested that food additives in processed foods could function as pseudoallergens, which comprise the non-immunoglobulin E-mediated reaction. Eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) is an ...

Spices are ingredients to confer improved taste to foods. As they are derived from plants, they have the potential for inducing allergic reactions. There is a lack of studies to accurately determine the rate of pepper allergy in children. Allergic reactions to pepper in children are rare. This case illustrates ...

Food allergen is one of the important food safety issues nowadays, to keep the safety of allergens reaction people, labeling is required for many countries and efficient and reliable detection methods are necessary. Here we report a novel method for the rapid identification of food allergens on base of a ...

BACKGROUND: A one-step polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method for the simultaneous detection of the major allergens of pecan and Brazil nuts was developed. Primer pairs for the amplification of partial sequences of genes encoding the allergens were designed and tested for their specificity on a range of food components. RESULTS: ...

Food allergy predominantly affects children rather than adults with atopic dermatitis (AD). Early food sensitization has been found to be significantly associated with AD. Three different patterns of clinical reactions to food allergens in AD patients have been identified: 1) immediate-type symptoms, 2) isolated eczematous late-type reactions, and 3) combined ...

The occurrence of patients with gastrointestinal symptoms attributed either to food allergy or intolerance has significantly increased. Nevertheless, an accurate and detailed case history, a systematic evaluation and the outcomes of specific allergy tests to identify the offending foods, including "in vivo" and "in vitro" allergy tests, are often negative ...

The majority (approximately 75%) of children with cow's milk allergy tolerate extensively heated (baked) milk products. Long-term effects of inclusion of dietary baked milk have not been reported. We report on the outcomes of children who incorporated baked milk products into their diets. Children evaluated for tolerance to baked milk ...

Selected members of plant pathogenesis-related and seed storage proteins represent specific groups of proteins with potential characteristics of allergens. Efforts to understand the mechanism by which pathogenesis-related proteins mediate a broad cross-reactivity in pollen-plant food allergens are still limited. In this study, computational biology approach was used to reveal specific ...

Monosodium glutamate (MSG), the prototypical umami source, can enhance preference for associated flavors in humans and rodents. Although MSG flavor preference has been attributed to its taste, vagally-mediated post-oral detection has also been demonstrated. Recent studies showed that water-restricted rats acquired a preference for a flavor paired with intragastric (IG) ...

The introduction of live insects into human food is rare in developed countries. However, we report, for the first time, an emerging risk that exists from dried fruit in Central Europe. Recently, massive and frequent infestation of dried fruit imported from the Mediterranean region by the mite, Carpoglpyhus lactis L. ...

White potato is a very common ingredient in the diet of infants in Mediterranean countries, and in its cooked form, it is one of the first solid foods introduced, usually around the age of 4-6 months. Allergy to potato is uncommon, and allergic reactions to cooked potato have been reported ...

Food allergy is defined as an adverse health effect arising from a specific immune response that occurs reproducibly on exposure to a given food and is distinct from food intolerance. Clinical manifestations of food allergy are varied and involve many systems including respiratory, cutaneous, and gastrointestinal. The double-blinded placebo-controlled oral ...

Food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES) is an under-recognized and frequently misdiagnosed non-IgE-mediated food hypersensitivity disorder, characterized by severe vomiting and/or diarrhea. Despite the potential severity of acute reactions, FPIES can be considered self-limiting as avoidance of the incriminating allergen(s) leads to resolution of symptoms. Symptoms typically begin in the first ...

Atopic disease represents a spectrum of disorders characterized by abnormal sensitivity mediated by IgE; approximately 20% of Americans suffer from some form of allergic disease. The sequelae of inhalant and food allergies may present in many organ systems. Manifestations of allergic disease in one site are often associated with symptoms ...

Aim:  To evaluate the prevalence of parent-reported food allergies requiring avoidance diet at early school age. Methods:  The school health nurses interviewed, by using a structured questionnaire on the required diet at school, the parents of all the 1542 children starting elementary school in a Finnish town with 210 000 inhabitants. ...

Food exchange lists are one of the main methods of nutritional education. However, Korean food exchange lists have not been revised since 1994. Therefore, we surveyed the opinions of diabetes educators and patients with diabetes regarding the need for revision of the current food exchange lists. For two weeks beginning ...

The prevalence of sesame food allergy continues to increase worldwide. The diagnostic tools to confirm such allergy include skin prick tests, specific IgEs and food challenge. We report the case of a 7-year-old girl who presented recurrent episodes of wheezing and dyspnoea. After performing skin tests and evaluating specific IgEs ...

Food allergens have been described in studies in southern parts of Nigeria but rarely in northern parts of Nigeria. Furthermore, the role of specific antibody to such allergen moieties have not been determined. The aim of this study is to assess the role of two common food items in the ...

Food protein induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES) is a food-related non-IgE-mediated gastrointestinal hypersensitivity disorder. Atypical FPIES is characterized by the presence of specific IgE for the causative food. The guidelines suggested for diagnostic oral food challenge in pediatric patients affected by suspected FPIES are different from the ones for children with ...

Food allergy is defined as "a phenomenon in which adverse reactions (symptoms in skin, mucosal, digestive, respiratory systems, and anaphylactic reactions) are caused in living body through immunological mechanisms after intake of causative food." Various symptoms of food allergy occur in many organs. Food allergy falls into four general clinical ...

Four to eight percent of the population are estimated to be food-allergic. Most food allergies in adolescents and adults are acquired on the basis of cross-reaction to pollen allergens. Theses allergens are ubiquitous in the plant kingdom. Therefore pollen-allergic patients might acquire a multitude of different plant food allergies, and ...

Allergic rhinitis is common among children and quite often represents a stage of the atopic march. Although sensitization to food and airborne allergens may appear in infancy and early childhood, symptoms of the disease are usually present after age 3. The aim of this study was to determine the most ...

Whether breastfeeding protects against the development of allergic disease has been a frequent subject of study and debate for 75 years. This paper summarizes the published evidence concerning the risks of atopic dermatitis, asthma, allergic rhinitis, positive allergen skin tests, and food allergy associated with infant feeding. The summary is ...

Alterations of commensal flora may cause various gastrointestinal and extraintestinal diseases, including food intolerances and food allergies. According to the 'microflora hypothesis', alterations in the composition of gut microbiota in industrialized countries have disturbed the mechanisms of mucosal immune tolerance. Over the past few years several studies have looked for ...

Disruption of the skin barrier function caused by epidermal hyper-proliferation, results in the skin becoming dry and showing high transepidermal water loss (TEWL). Gamma linolenic acid (GLA) is reportedly efficacious for treating TEWL and epidermal hyper-proliferation. In this study, to elucidate the effect of GLA-rich oil on skin function, GLA-containing ...

To determine the most frequent food allergens causing immediate hypersensitivity reactions in Swiss children of different age groups and to investigate the clinical manifestation of IgE-mediated food allergies in young patients. The study was a prospective analysis of children referred for assessment of immediate type I food hypersensitivity reactions. The ...

The prevalence of allergic diseases such as asthma, atopic dermatitis, and allergic rhinitis has increased during the past two decades and contributed a great deal to morbidity and an appreciable mortality in the world. Until now, few novel efficacious drugs have been discovered to treat, control, or even cure these ...

Eczema, as defined by the World Allergy Organization (WAO) revised nomenclature in 2003, affects 15% to 20% of school children and 2% to 5% of adults worldwide. About 50% of people with eczema demonstrate atopy, with specific immunoglobulin E responses to allergens. METHODS AND OUTCOMES: We conducted a systematic review ...

Allergic proctocolitis (APC) in exclusively breast-fed infants is caused by food proteins, deriving from maternal diet, transferred through lactation. In most cases a maternal cow milk-free diet leads to a prompt resolution of rectal bleeding, while in some patients a multiple food allergy can occur. The aim of this study ...

Proteomic profiles of RAST(+) subjects with severe food allergies and RAST(-) subjects were compared using 2D-DIGE analysis to obtain candidate biomarkers specific to food allergies. Our analysis highlighted 52 proteins that were differentially expressed between the RAST(+) and RAST(-) groups of which 37 were successfully identified that include chondroitin sulfates, ...