1. Infusions of histidine into the carotid arteries of cockerels receiving a histidine-limiting, imbalanced diet caused an increase in food intake, whereas similar infusions into the jugular veins did not. 2. Infusions of lysine into the carotid arteries or jugular veins of young cockerels receiving a balanced, low-protein diet caused ...

Rats received intragastric infusions of various specified chemical meals and were subsequently tested for a reduction in food intake. A second experiment, using a novel technique, tested for conditioned aversion to the meal infusions. The nonnutritive substances, kaolin clay and emulsified fluorocarbon, had no significant effect on food intake. Infusions ...

1. Twelve sheep fitted with abomasal cannulas were given ad lib. access to a diet of chopped lucerne (Medicago sativa) hay to a ascertain if the amount of digesta being transported by the intestines was limiting intake. If this was the situation, pumping a solution of the bulk-laxative methylcellulose (100 ...

After 3-hr food deprivation, rats with gastric fistulas ate liquid food with the fistula closed (normal feeding) or open (sham feeding). Meal size (MS) was larger, latency to rest (LR) after a meal was longer, and intermeal interval (IMI) was shorter during sham feeding than during normal feeding. The putative ...

Pancreatic secretion of lipase and chymotrypsin in response to elemental diets and a crushed food homogenate was studied in normal subjects. The solutions were infused at constant flow rates at the ligament of Treitz with polyethylene glycol as a nonabsorbable marker. A triple lumen tube was used, enabling collection of ...

Interdigestive intestinal myoelectric activity is characterized by repetitive aborally migrating complexes which are inhibited by feeding. The aim of the present work was to study the effects of different food components on the duration of inhibition of the myoelectric complex and on the number of spike potentials during this period. ...

Intracellular glucopenia induced by 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2DG) administration in man produces increased hunger ratings and magnitude estimates of pleasantness for sucrose solutions. Augmented food intake substantiates these changes in affective behavior and relieves experimentally induced hunger. Intracellular glucopenia activates counterregulatory mechanisms to raise plasma glucose concentrations. Inducing hunger experimentally with 2DG ...

The effects of glucagon and secretin on food- or morphine-induced motor activity of the distal colon, rectum, and internal anal sphincter were investigated in 12 healthy subjects. Intraluminal pressure changes were measured using a triple-lumen polyvinyl tube assembly with 3 side orifices. Glucagon, administered intravenously, caused significant inhibition of food- ...

Rats which had recovered to Stage 3 or 4 following lateral hypothalamic lesions maintained their bodyweight at a chronically lowered level when eating dry food. Continuous, long term intravenous and intragastric water infusions increased food intake and promoted a slow weight gain. Infusions of a similar volume of 30% glucose ...

Intracarotid infusion of ouabain (1280 ng/min) over 4 1/2 hr virtually abolished water intake of sheep in response to intracarotid infusion of either angiotensin II (800 ng/min) or 4 M NaCl (1.6 ml/min for 20 min. Ouabain treatment did not affect mean arterial pressure either before or during infusion of ...

Unanaesthetized hens and cocks were infused into the cerebral lateral ventricle with 0.2 ml of a 6% glucose solution or equal volumes of isotonic saline following a 20-hr total food deprivation period. A more marked suppression of food intake occurred in the next 1-3 hr after glucose rather than after ...

The C-terminal octapeptide of cholecystokinin (CCK) was injected into water-deprived rats to observe the effect on water and milk intake. The doses used were 0, 20, and 40 Ivy dog units/kg. The data indicated that milk intake was suppressed in a dose-related fashion within 2-4 min of injection but water ...

When ingested food does not accumulate in the stomach or enter the small intestine, rats do not stop eating. Small amounts of food placed in the small intestine or intraperitoneal injections of the intestinal hormone cholecystokinin (CCK) elicit the full behavioral display of satiety in these sham-feeding rats. In rhesus ...

Contrary to earlier findings in rats, cerebral lateral ventricular infusions of 1 X 10(-3) M or 2 X 10(-3) M solutions of phloridzin at a rate of 2.5 micronl/min for 90 min had no significant stimulating effects on food intake and weight gain in hens and cocks. These different responses ...

Hepatic-portal infusions of isotonic glucose did not influence food intake in free-feeding rabbits. In contrast, several other macronutrients and some of their metabolites, infused via the same route, cause anorexia followed by prolonged hypophagia. Its duration was generally decreased when the same infusions were performed during the nocturnal period. Vagotomy ...

Nine mongrels dogs were fed for only 1 hour/day for 7-8 days and the time of onset of their eating and hourly intakes were recorded. At the end of this period, the hepatic portal vein was cannulated and the polyethylene cannula was exteriorized. Upon recovery to their preoperative food intake, ...

Unrestrained rats received continuous and discontinuous intravenous infusions of nutritive substances over long periods, and the effects on energy regulation were examined. Oral food intake was decreased by all glucidic infusions, but by less than the theoretical (caloric) value of the infused substances. A residual oral food intake thus persisted ...

The contributions of homeostatis mechanisms to spontaneous drinking were assessed in a study of residual oral drinking under several conditions of exogenous water administration. Continuous and/or discontinuous infusiors were conducted for long periods with dry food present ad libitum. The routes of administration were intravenous (IV), intragastric (IG) through a ...

A comparative study on the satiating effect of duodenal infusions of glycerol, casein and glucose was performed in intact and vagotomized rabbits during both diuranal and nocturnal periods. All duodenally infused substances had satiating effects. Glycerol infusions produced the largest reduction of food intake during the day while casein hydrolysate ...

Initially it was shown that infusion of Sar1-Ala8-angiotensin II (P113) into the third ventricle (50-100 mug/ml at 1.1 ml/hr) effectively abolished the large water intake induced 1-2 min after beginning an intracarotid infusion of angiotensin II at 800 ng/min which causes an unphysiologically high concentration of angiotensin II in cerebral ...

Five rhesus monkeys were infused intravenously with partially purified cholecystokinin (CCK) Just prior to a test meal of solid food after overnight food deprivation; CCK produced large, rapid, dose related suppressions of feeding. The lowest dose tested (5 Ivy U/kg body wt) produced a significant inhibition of food intake (26% ...

Intravenous infusions of three levels of 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2DG) were made through chronically implanted jugular and portal cannulas in rats. Food and water intakes were unaffected by 100 mg/kg 2DG, enhanced by 200 and 400 mg/kg 2DG, and unrelated to the route of administration. Drug-induced drinking occurred as readily when food ...

Serotonin infused through hepatic-portal cannulae of rabbits decreased food intake in a free-feeding condition. Following a 12 hr food deprivation period similar doses of serotonin increased food intake. Other investigators have shown release of serotonin to food and related stimuli. Our results demonstrate that serotonin is not a simple "satiety ...

Hepatic-portal infusions of small or large flucose loads in the rabbit had little or no stimulating effect on postinfusion food intake. However, marked differential changes in appetite were observed when small and large glucose loads were infused into the duodenum. The satiating effect of small glucose loads contrasted sharply with ...

The intestinal hormone cholecystokinin (CCK) elicits satiety in rats and inhibits food intake in rhesus monkeys. This behavioral effect is specifically related to the C-terminal octapeptide structure of CCK and is a new biological effect of the hormone. Endogenous CCK released by food entering the duodenum may inhibit feeding and ...

Magnesium sulphate, a substance known to cause release of cholecystokinin (CCK) from the small intestinal mucosa, was given by mouth (dose 0.1g/kg in 150 ml water) to 20 patients with the irritable bowel syndrome. A rapid increase in colonic segmental motor activity (onset within two to six minutes in most ...

Injections of 2-deoxyglucose into the hepatic-portal system of normal rabbits increased eating to a greater extent and with shorter latency than comparable injections of 2-deoxyglucose into the jugular vein or into the hepaticportal circulation of the vagotomized rabbit. These differences suggest the existence of vagally mediated peripheral glucoreceptors important in ...

Rats were infused through chronically implanted intragastric tubes with 100 percent of their normal total daily food intake. The infusion was given either continuously over 24 hours or divided into discrete meals programed to simulate the rats' natural eating pattern. The same diet was also available for consumption by mouth. ...

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 2006

Our previous study demonstrated that meals, particularly when rich in fat, significantly reduced the pain induced by the cold pressor stimulus in healthy human subjects. To determine the mechanisms involved, the aim of this study was to bypass the taste and cognitive component of food and to investigate the scope ...

Although cholecystokinin (CCK) has been proposed as a satiety agent, this property has been disputed by some who claim that the compound exerts its 'satiety' effects by inducing aversion. We considered that if CCK-induced reductions in food intake occur through the mechanism of normal satiety, CCK-induced satiety and normal satiety ...