There is currently considerable effort to incorporate both diagnostic and therapeutic functions into a single nanoscale system for the more effective treatment of cancer. Nanoparticles have great potential to achieve such dual functions, particularly if more than one type of nanostructure can be incorporated in a nanoassembly, referred to in ...

BACKGROUND & AIMS: The aim of present study was to compare the levels of essential trace and toxic elements in biological samples (blood, serum and scalp hair) of female liver cirrhotic/cancer patients (n = 132), of two age groups (20-45 years) and (46-60 years), before and after sixty days treatment with mineral ...

BACKGROUND: Several studies have suggested an increased risk of bladder cancer among hairdressers, who are occupationally exposed to hair dyes. There has also been concern about a possible increased risk of bladder cancer among users of hair dyes. However, the association between personal hair dye use and bladder cancer risk ...

Nanoparticles are the moieties that have undergone the most investigation in recent years for biomedical applications. They are applied in the field of oncology in the same way as in other branches of biomedical nanotechnology. Regarding cancer, nanoparticles, and especially magnetic nanoparticles, are studied for diagnosis, drug delivery, gene delivery, ...

PURPOSE: Pancreatic adenocarcinoma is an untreatable cancer with a 5-year survival rate of about 6 % or less for the past 35 years. This lack of significant progress is largely due to the lack of elucidation and understanding of the factors involved in the development of this cancer. Recent studies identified ...

The purpose of this study is to get more efficient gold nanoparticles, for necrosis of cancer cells, in photothermal therapy. Therefore a numerical maximization of the absorption efficiency of a set of nanoparticles (nanorod, nanoshell and hollow nanosphere) is proposed, assuming that all the absorbed light is converted to heat. ...

ABSTRACT-: The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of high background radiation (HBR) on mortality. A cohort of 31,604 men and women aged 30-74 y living in the study area in Guangdong Province, China, was followed during the period 1979-1998. The information on deaths and migrations of cohort members ...

PURPOSE: To perform a systematic literature review for critical evaluation of prevalence and factors contributing to malnutrition in childhood cancer. METHODS: A systematic search resulting in 46 suitable articles. RESULTS: Due to lack of uniform criteria and adequate studies, the prevalence rates of malnutrition can only be estimated. Based on ...

OBJECTIVE: To examine whether the incidence of childhood cancer is elevated in children with birth defects but no chromosomal anomalies. STUDY DESIGN: We examined cancer risk in a population-based cohort of children with and without major birth defects born between 1988 and 2004, by linking data from the California Birth ...

Approval of agents for the treatment of cancers by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) was granted to only six new chemical entities in the three years spanning 2008 to 2010. By contrast, in the first nine months of 2011, six new chemical entities were approved for use in ...

Trace element zinc deficiency or excess is implicated in the development or progression of some cancers. The exact role of zinc in the etiology of colon cancer is unclear. To cast light on this question, an experimental model of colon carcinogenesis was applied here. Six week old rats were given ...

Previously published studies on the risk of cancer among male priests have been based on cancer mortality with the exception of one case-control study. The aim of this study was to present estimates of cancer incidence among Nordic male priests. The study cohort for our analyses consisted of 6.5 million ...

People with cancer may be at increased risk for stroke, especially of cardioembolic and large vessel origin. Some clinicians are reluctant to use recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rTPA) in the cancer population due to safety concerns. We conducted a retrospective review of patients who received rTPA for acute stroke at ...

PURPOSE: We determined the total amount of diagnostic radiation that a patient with testicular cancer receives during the course of treatment and the associated risk of secondary malignancy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: At a single institution 119 men with seminomatous and nonseminomatous germ cell tumors of the testis were retrospectively identified. ...

Patients with chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) are at considerable risk of developing second primary neoplasms. However, mucosal squamous cell cancers (SCCs) of the head and neck have not been reported. We review the data of 7 patients with mucosal SCC of the head and neck that presented as metachronous second ...

Isothiocyanates (ITCs), the breakdown products of glucosinolates found primarily in species of Brassicaceae (Cruciferae), are potential anti-cancer compounds. This review compiles data on how through different modes of action ITCs and their synthetic counterparts target leukemia.

One pot three-component PEG-SO(3)H catalyzed reaction of 4-(Pyridin-4-yl)benzaldehyde and triethyl phosphite with various primary amines afforded α-aminophosphonates with high yields by the Kabachnik-Field's reaction. These new structurally diversified set of α-aminophosphonates (4a-j) were evaluated for their anti-tumor activity on human chronic myeloid leukemia cells (K 562), human colon carcinoma cells ...

A severe complication of the treatment of pediatric cancers is the development of an invasive fungal infection (IFI). The data to support antifungal prophylaxis in pediatric oncology patients derive primarily from adult patients, and thus the optimal agent to utilize is not clear. Fluconazole has been a standard option, but ...

Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a subpopulation of myeloid cells with immunosuppressive function whose numbers are increased in conditions such as chronic infection, trauma, and cancer. Unlike murine MDSCs defined as CD11b(+)/Gr-1(+), there are no specific markers for human MDSCs. The goal of this study was to delineate a specific ...

BACKGROUND: Cross-sectional studies have reported inconsistent findings on whether the risk of metabolic syndrome is high among cancer survivors. We conducted a meta-analysis of cross-sectional studies. METHODS: We searched MEDLINE (PubMed) and EMBASE in April 2010. Two evaluators independently reviewed and selected articles, based on pre-determined selection criteria. RESULTS: Out ...

Introduction: Amino acid auxotrophy or the metabolic defect which renders cancer incapable of surviving under amino acid depleted conditions is being exploited and explored as a therapeutic against cancer. Early clinical data on asparagine- and arginine-depleting drugs have demonstrated low toxicity and efficacy in melanoma, hepatocellular carcinoma and acute lymphoblastic ...

The goal of this project was to develop a referral system to increase the likelihood that patients of childbearing age with newly diagnosed cancer receive timely information about fertility, and reduce the burden oncologists may feel when discussing and exploring fertility preservation options with their patients. The group developed and ...

Patients with chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms, including essential thrombocytemia (ET), polycythemia vera (PV), and chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), are at increased risk of new hematological malignancies, but their risk of non-hematological malignancies remains unknown. We thus assessed the risk of both types of malignancies after an ET, PV, or CML diagnosis. ...

Background: Studies of family history of cancer and non-malignant diseases in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) show inconsistent findings. Most studies show no increased risk with family history of cancer. Non-malignant diseases such as allergic diseases, autoimmune diseases, birth defects and thyroid diseases have been reported to be associated with ...

OBJECTIVES: Epidemiologic studies suggest an association between environmental exposure to benzene and hematologic cancers, but the relationship is not firmly established. The aim of this study was to assess the potential association between residence near hazardous waste sites containing benzene and hospitalization discharge rates for persons having hematologic cancers. MATERIALS ...

It was Hippocrates, the father of Western medicine, who first emphasized the patient as the most important determinant of therapeutic efficacy. Although the principle of adjusting treatment to specific patient characteristics has since been the strategy of physicians, this is undermined by a population-biased approach to drug development. Therefore, it ...

This brief report displays comprehensive details of health services provided by Children's Welfare Teaching Hospital, medical city, Baghdad. In 2010; 366 children with newly diagnosed cancer were admitted for treatment, two thirds were leukemia and lymphoma cases followed by other solid tumors except brain tumors. With this large number of ...

Acute inflammatory reactions benefit the host by supporting the effective clearance of pathogens and fostering wound healing, in addition to other self-preservative processes. However, when the inflammatory program is not resolved, becoming chronic in nature, it creates an environment conducive to cancer development and progression. Therefore, minimizing exposure to risk ...

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is the first cancer in which a genetic alteration was proven to be of pathogenic significance and is considered a disease model for oncogene addiction, targeted therapy, and cancer stem cells (CSCs). The introduction of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) resulted in dramatic improvement in response and ...

Most cancers are characterized by multiple molecular alterations, but identification of the key proteins involved in these signaling pathways is currently beyond reach. We show that the inhibitor PU-H71 preferentially targets tumor-enriched Hsp90 complexes and affinity captures Hsp90-dependent oncogenic client proteins. We have used PU-H71 affinity capture to design a ...

AbstractImatinib mesylate is the first in a family of highly effective, minimally toxic, targeted agents used widely to treat Philadelphia-positive leukemias and selected other cancers, leading to a steady rise in the prevalence of patients using such therapy. Because failure of therapy would require conventional gonadotoxic chemotherapeutics, many female patients ...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The purpose of this review is to update knowledge on therapy-related myeloid neoplasms (t-MN), taking into account the new 2008 WHO classification, new genome-wide approaches for the definition of susceptibility towards t-MN and the introduction of new more aggressive treatments in cancer patients. RECENT FINDINGS: t-MN are ...

AbstractIntroduction. A comprehensive geriatric assessment systematically collects information on geriatric conditions and is propagated in oncology as a useful tool when assessing older cancer patients.Objectives. The objectives were: (a) to study the prevalence of geriatric conditions in cancer patients aged ≥65 years, acutely admitted to a general medicine ward; (b) ...

Background:We examined the relationship between weight change in the year before radical prostatectomy (RP) and biochemical recurrence (BCR) and adverse pathology.Methods:We abstracted data from 359 men undergoing RP in the SEARCH (Shared Equal Access Regional Cancer Hospital) database between 2001-2007. Logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards models were used to ...

Objective: African Americans are often viewed as ineffective communicators during medical encounters. However, most previous studies have been conducted among noncancer populations and based on the perceptions of health care providers (HCP) and researchers. This study aimed to explore African American cancer patients' perspectives of HCPs' communication behaviors and how ...

Paclitaxel (PTX) is a widely used antineoplastic agent against a variety of cancers. The common side effects are myelosuppression and peripheral neurotoxicity. There have been occasional instances of central nervous system toxicity after PTX treatment though the syndrome is not well described. We report a patient undergoing treatment for laryngeal ...

Long-term employment rates have been studied in cancer survivors, but little is known about the return to work of cancer patients. This study investigated return to work (RTW) within 2 years after the diagnosis of different types of cancer. This prospective study investigated the associations of demographics (age, gender, socioeconomic ...

The incidence of second malignancies was shown to be increased in patients with multiple myeloma. Although a shared genetic predisposition or common environmental carcinogens may account for the occurrence of both myeloma and additional cancers, multiple immune defects encountered in myeloma might play an important role in this regard. This ...

BACKGROUND: An increased incidence of cancer in chronic dialysis patients has not been confirmed in the Chinese population. The aim of this population-based study was to examine the risk of various types of cancers in chronic dialysis patients in Taiwan. METHODS: Data of 92 348 chronic dialysis patients extracted from the ...

BACKGROUND: Few population-based epidemiological data are available on Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC), a rare lethal non-melanoma skin cancer. We analysed multiple-cause-of-death records to describe MCC mortality and trends and the association with other primary cancers. METHODS: We reviewed all 6,713,059 death certificates in Italy (1995-2006) to identify those mentioning MCC. ...

Success of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) has given patients hope for a long disease-free-survival. A longer survival raises the question of late effects, including development of another malignancy. Records of 1445 patients with CML/myeloproliferative neoplasm or other hematologic malignancies treated with TKIs were reviewed to ...

PURPOSE This study aimed to assess the prevalence and natural course (incidence, persistence, remission, and relapse) of insomnia comorbid with cancer during an 18-month period. PATIENTS AND METHODS All patients scheduled to receive a curative surgery for a first diagnosis of nonmetastatic cancer were approached on the day of their ...

Abnormal Savda Munziq (ASMq) is a herbal preparation used in Traditional Uighur Medicine for the treatment and prevention of diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, chronic asthma and cancer. The recommended dose of this decoction for cancer patients is 500 mL administered orally three times a day. Our approach aimed at reducing the high ...

BACKGROUND: Cancer patients have an increased risk of venous thromboembolic events. Certain chemotherapeutic agents have also been associated with the development of thrombosis. Reported cases of acute arterial ischemic episodes in cancer patients are rare. METHODS: Patients who underwent surgery for acute limb ischemia associated with malignancy in a university ...

In the past, clinical phase I trials often suffered from low response rates and inadequate experimental drug doses. Over the past decade, however, phase I trials have evolved from simple dose-finding studies to trials that might provide clinically relevant therapeutic opportunities for patients with advanced-stage cancer for which no standard ...

To investigate how cancer survivors (CSs) experience the cancer-related support they get at the workplace, the proportion of CSs who change work due to cancer and the sociodemographic and work-related factors associated with CSs' work changes. CSs of the 10 most common invasive types of cancer for men and women ...

Interventional radiologists and staff members are frequently exposed to the effects of direct and scattered radiation, which undergo in deterministic effects (radiodermitis, aged skin, cataracts, telangiectasia in nasal region, vasocellular epitelioms, hands depilation) and/or stochastic ones (cancer incidence). A methodology has been proposed for estimating the radiation risk or detriment ...

Studies in medical journals regarding the delivery of a cancer diagnosis typically focus on a single clinic episode where the definitive news is disclosed to the patient by the physician. Far less research characterizes the diagnosis in the way patients and their family members often describe it: as a longitudinal, ...

Previous studies on childhood cancer and nuclear power plants (NPPs) produced conflicting results. We used a cohort approach to examine whether residence near NPPs was associated with leukaemia or any childhood cancer in Switzerland. We computed person-years at risk for children aged 0-15 years born in Switzerland from 1985 to ...

OBJECTIVE: To examine the feasibility and acceptability of routine provision of patient question prompt lists (QPLs) to promote patient participation and patient-clinician communication in medical consultations. METHODS: Four cancer centres across NSW, Australia (two rural, two urban) were invited to participate, involving distribution of QPLs to patients seeing a medical ...