Purpose:  In low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), a large proportion of people with epilepsy do not receive treatment. An analysis of the availability, price, and affordability of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) was conducted to evaluate whether these factors contribute to the treatment gap. Methods:  Data for five AEDs (phenytoin, carbamazepine, valproic ...

Contemporary medicine is a large and complex system involving many participants, all of whom play a critical role in managing the risks intrinsic to medical product use. Despite the robust premarket review and approval process of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), new information will inevitably be learned in ...

The publication rate of full text papers following an abstract presentation at a medical conference is variable, and few studies have examined the situation with respect to international emergency medicine conferences. This retrospective study aimed to identify the publication rate of abstracts presented at the 2006 International Conference on Emergency ...

Every year 1 billion people worldwide are affected by traditionally neglected diseases, such as malaria, tuberculosis, leishmaniasis, and lymphatic filariasis, which impose tremendous public health burdens. Governments, foundations, and drug manufacturers have, however, started to support development of new treatments. European Union Member States have been leaders in implementing so-called ...

The target population of a medicine may include different populations that may partially overlap including the population that has been evaluated in the clinical trials, the population for which the medicine provides an actual benefit (SMR), that for which the drug provides an improvement of the actual benefit (ASMR), etc. ...

To ascertain whether it is possible to assess countries bidding for international sporting events based on public health and sports medicine criteria. In particular, the authors undertook this exercise for countries bidding for the 2018 Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) Football World Cup (2018 World Cup). A scorecard framework ...

Interest in understanding the meaning of conscience and conscientious objection in medicine has recently emerged in the academic literature. We would like to contribute to this debate in four ways: (1) to underscore and challenge the existing hierarchy of conscientious objection in health care; (2) to highlight the importance of ...

Two University of Texas institutions based in San Antonio, Texas, partnered in 2007 to offer a dual 4-year Doctor of Medicine/Master of Public Health (MD/MPH) degree program. A dual MD/MPH degree is an important option for all medical students as a means of addressing pressing health issues through combined training ...

As escalating health-care costs continue to be a focus of public discourse, the populace has become increasingly attentive to its own health and lifestyle choices. Nonprescription (over-the-counter, OTC) medicines represent an important option in this evolving environment and, through novel "Rx-to-OTC" switch efforts, could expand beyond their traditional role in ...

This paper explores the problem of dealing with normalisation in public health concepts, using the example of the relaunching of anti-aging-medicine in Germany. The analysis mainly draws upon qualitative analyses of publications of different anti-aging-medicine organisations. The German branch of anti-aging-medicine's new concepts of the nature, the morality and the ...

As the scope of nanotechnology applications in medicine evolves, it is important to simultaneously recognize and advance contributions germane to public health. A wide range of innovations in nanomedicine stand to impact nearly every medical specialty and unveil novel ways to improve the quality and extend the duration of life ...

BACKGROUND: The global burden of cardiovascular disease (CVD) continues to rise. Successful treatment of CVD requires adequate pharmaceutical management. The aim was to examine the availability, pricing and affordability of cardiovascular medicines in developing countries using the standardized data collected according to the World Health Organization/Health Action International methodology. METHODS: ...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the availability of essential medicines and their prices in Hubei province. METHODS: The survey assessed the prices and availability of essential medicines using the World Health Organization and Health Action International methodology. Data were collected from 18 public hospitals and 18 private pharmacies. At each facility the ...

BACKGROUND: Preventive medicine physicians are uniquely trained in both clinical medicine and public health to understand and reduce the risks of disease, disability, and death in individuals and populations. The nation is facing a severe shortage of preventive medicine-trained physicians, which is largely due to unstable and inadequate residency program ...

Asymptomatic hypertension (HTN) is commonly encountered in the emergency department (ED), but in most circumstances little is done about it. While many factors may contribute to this, the failure to recognize asymptomatic HTN as a public health problem is particularly important. Given the established long-term consequences of elevated blood pressure ...

Anticipating pressing health care needs in the region, Florida International University (FIU) proposed the FIU College of Medicine (COM), which was approved by the Florida Board of Governors in March 2006. The FIU COM provides a program of study enabling graduates to pursue a wide spectrum of professional careers. This ...

This review provides a panoramic view of Prof. Kurt Hostettmann's contribution to the study of African medicinal plants as documented in over 85 publications with collaborators from about a dozen African countries. Many novel bioactive secondary metabolites were isolated, their structures elucidated by hyphenated HPLC techniques and their biological activity ...

Veterinary public health is an essential field in public health activities, based upon veterinary skills, knowledge and resources and which aims to protect and improve human health and welfare. This discipline has evolved through three stages, beginning with the fight against animal diseases, moving on to include meat inspection and ...

BACKGROUND: About 10% of the gross domestic product in Jordan is spent on health care, and almost one third of that is spent on pharmaceuticals. The public health sector in Jordan has 4 main governmental parties that purchase medicines independently through annual tenders (ie, the process of bidding, being awarded, ...

OBJECTIVES: Following the SARS outbreak, large gaps in the public health workforce have been identified. This study sought to understand the perceptions and attitudes of Canadian medical students with regard to public health to determine how this impacted their choice towards a career in Community Medicine (CM). METHODS: Five focus ...

This study quantifies the utilization of acetaminophen in life sciences and clinical medicine using bibliometric indicators. A total of 1626 documents involving acetaminophen published by 74 countries during 2003-2005 in the Thompson-Scientific Life sciences and Clinical Medicine collections were identified and analyzed. The USA leads in the number of publications ...

BACKGROUND: Departments of family medicine in Israel were established in the 1970s. Until now, little or no effort has been made to characterize the productivity of Israeli board-certified family medicine physicians in publishing peer-reviewed scientific articles. METHODS: Publications were identified by 2 methods. First, a PubMed search by names of ...

Medicine in Wales, c.1800–2000 is the first book to deal with the history of medicine in Wales in an interdisciplinary context. Drawing on a wide variety of sources, from documentary records to film, oral testimony, and participatory social research, the essays collected here examine how the relationships between the public ...

Medicine in Wales, c.1800–2000 is the first book to deal with the history of medicine in Wales in an interdisciplinary context. Drawing on a wide variety of sources, from documentary records to film, oral testimony, and participatory social research, the essays collected here examine how the relationships between the public ...

The separation of "medicine" and "public health" in academic institutions limits the potential synergies that an integrated educational model could offer. The roots of this separation are deeply imbedded in history. During the past two centuries, there have been repeated efforts to integrate public health education into the core training ...

Over the past three years (2006-2008), the medical/health and public health communities have shown a growing interest in using online 3D virtual worlds like Second Life(R) (http://secondlife.com/) for health education, community outreach, training and simulations purposes. 3D virtual worlds are seen as the precursors of 'Web 3D' , the next ...

In 2004, the government of Mexico established the National Institute of Genomic Medicine (INMEGEN), to carry out disease-related genomic studies that will address national health problems and stimulate scientific and technological development by generating new commercial products and services in genomic medicine. Towards this end, INMEGEN is carrying out a ...

In 2003, the American College of Occupational and Environmental Medicine (ACOEM) published its evidence-based statement, "Adverse Human Health Effects Associated with Molds in the Indoor Environment," in its Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine (JOEM). ACOEM's author selection, development, peer review, and publication of its mold position paper involved a ...

In 2002, the declaration of Barcelona launched a worldwide campaign that proposed to decrease in sepsis-related mortality by the introduction of evidence-based medicine into the management of sepsis. This paved the way for the publication of a wide selection of recommendations entitled the Surviving Sepsis Campaign (SSC) Guidelines. Whereas most ...

The concepts of 'one medicine' and 'one 'health' are supported and visualised as a tree (medicine), placed on the fertile soil (basic sciences), which divides into the two major branches of human and veterinary medicine, connected by the large branch of public health; minor branches (specialisations) depart from the three ...

"A Chronology of State Medicine, Public Health, Welfare and Related Services in Britain: 1066-1999" is an online version of a summary chronology developed over a period of decades by Michael Warren, Emeritus Professor of Social Medicine in the University of Kent at Canterbury.

Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) is an Executive Agency of the UK government's Department of Health. Its primary task is to help safeguard public health by working with users, manufacturers and legislators to ensure that medical devices meet appropriate standards of safety, quality and performance and that they ...

This article explores the intersection between the professional politics of medicine and national politics during the second Palestinian uprising, which erupted in 2000. Through an analysis of stories about childbirth from actors in the birth process--obstetricians, midwives and birth mothers--it examines two overlapping movements that contributed to building the public ...

The use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) for treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has increased both by parents and health care providers. Despite scientific evidence supporting the effectiveness of stimulants in the treatment of ADHD, the use of stimulants has received negative publicity and, for many parents, is worrisome. ...

The Primary Health Care Research, Evaluation and Development (PHCRED) Strategy aims to improve Australia's output of high-quality research from primary care. We compared publication rates from general practice, medicine and surgery for the period 2000-2007, and found that general practice publications increased since 1990-1999 from 1.0 to 3.0 publications per ...

Prisoners have a right to health care and to be protected against inhumane and degrading treatment. Health care personnel and public policy makers play a central role in the protection of these rights and in the pursuit of public health goals. This article examines the legal framework for prison medicine ...

Contradictory goals plague China's pharmaceutical policy. The government wants to develop the domestic pharmaceutical industry and has used drug pricing to cross-subsidize public hospitals. Yet the government also aims to control drug spending through price caps and profit-margin regulations to guarantee access even for poor patients. The resulting system has ...

Drug-induced torsades de pointes (TdP) remains a significant public health concern that has challenged scientists who have the responsibility of advancing new medicines through development to the patient, while assuring public safety. As a result, from the point of discovering a new molecule to the time of its registration, significant ...

AIMS OF THE STUDY: Commercially important indigenous medicinal plants of southern Africa are reviewed in the context of fundamental knowledge about their ethnobotany, phylogeny, genetics, taxonomy, biochemistry, chemical variation, reproductive biology and horticulture. The aim is to explore the rapidly increasing number of scientific publications and to investigate the need ...

As a result of significant public health issues in the developing world, there has been a strong desire to increase access to available treatments. In 2005, Canada amended its Patent Act to create the Canadian Access to Medicines Regime ("CAMR") to provide a mechanism whereby a Canadian manufacturer could produce ...

Effective April 7, 2008, the US National Institutes of Health (NIH) began to enforce a new law requiring all investigators funded by NIH to submit or have submitted for them to the National Library of Medicine's PubMed Central an electronic version of their final, peer-reviewed manuscripts upon acceptance for publication. ...

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of misrepresentation of publications and national presentations claimed in applications to the Maine Medical Center (MMC) Primary Care Sports Medicine Fellowship Program from 2001 through 2004. DESIGN: A retrospective chart review study. SETTING: The Maine Medical Center Primary Care Sports Medicine Fellowship Program. METHODS: Presentations ...

The evolution of preventive medicine and public health training in professional veterinary medicine curricula is documented. Most veterinary colleges in the US began with a single course in meat hygiene or public health, with a focus on food hygiene issues. These courses laid the foundation for modern veterinary preventive medicine ...

Nils Paul Larsen (1922-1964) was a significant transitional figure in Hawai'i as it was changing from the plantation era to a modem Pacific community. Larsen, who lived in Hawai'i from 1922 until his death in 1964, was recognized in varying degrees as a physician, director, researcher, writer, historian, politician, artist, ...

In Canada, recent events and global influences have led to an emphasis on enhancing the public health system and improving the training of physicians in public and population health. Responding to the World Health Organization's initiative, Towards Unity for Health, the Association of Faculties of Medicine in Canada launched its ...

Born, educated and trained in Germany, Julius Althaus migrated to London at the start of a long career in neurological medicine. He was a voluminous writer on a wide range of topics in both general medicine and neurology, especially electrotherapy. In addition, his textbooks form a snapshot of current concepts ...

In this work, a comparative study of neutron activation analysis (NAA) was performed by the nuclear institutes: CDTN/CNEN-Brazil, CCHEN-Chile and the SCK.CEN-Belgium aiming to investigate some generic, manipulated and reference medicines largely commercialized in Brazil. Some impurities such as: As, Ba, Br, Ce, Co, Cr, Eu, Fe, Hf, Sb, Sc, ...

BACKGROUND: The relationship between medicine and public health has a long and complex co-evolution. In developing countries where the health needs are greatest and resources are few, this relationship is of critical importance. DEVELOPMENT OF MEDICINE AND PUBLIC HEALTH AT THE AGA KHAN UNIVERSITY: This paper provides a case study ...

Radiology and public health have an emerging opportunity to collaborate, in which radiology's vast supply of imaging data can be integrated into public health information systems for epidemiologic assessments and responses to population health problems. Fueling the linkage of radiology and public health include (i) the transition from analog film ...

Dr John Rankin (1923-1981) is one of the many distinguished alumni of the former University Department of Materia Medica and Therapeutics, Stobhill Hospital Glasgow. While his varied international career encompassed pulmonary physiology, occupational medicine and public health, he remains best remembered in the United Kingdom for his early stroke publications. ...