Summary.  Clevudine has been approved for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) in South Korea. However, its long-term antiviral effect and safety awaits more study. The aim of this study was to evaluate antiviral efficacy, predictors of virologic response, and development of myopathy after clevudine therapy for CHB. The ...

Tenofovir is a nucleotide analog reverse transcriptase inhibitor approved recently by the US FDA for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) in adult patients based on the results of two double-blind randomized trials demonstrating superiority of tenofovir compared with adefovir. Tenofovir is available orally as tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (ester ...

We aimed to study the prevalence and clinical implications of hepatitis B virus (HBV) subgenotypes in Chinese patients. A total of 4,300 patients, mainly from northern China, were enrolled, including 182 patients with acute hepatitis B and 4,118 patients with chronic HBV infection who had been exposed to nucleoside or ...

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate efficacy of lamivudine in reducing in utero transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV). DATA SOURCES: A database was constructed from Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, National Science Digital Library, China Biological Medicine Database, and through contact with experts in the field from January 1990 to October 2009. METHODS ...

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection persists among patients undergoing maintenance dialysis in the industrialized world. Knowledge of the epidemiology and the natural history of HBV infection in dialysis patients has markedly improved but antiviral therapy for hepatitis B remains a significant challenge in this population. A variety of therapeutic options ...

Reactivation of hepatitis B virus (HBV) replication is a frequent phenomenon in patients receiving immunosuppressants or chemotherapy. It was recently reported that regional therapy, such as transarterial chemotherapy (TAC) or radiotherapy, can also induce HBV reactivation in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and this can be prevented by preemptive lamivudine ...

Treatment guidelines recommend dual nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI ) as a part of combination antiretroviral therapy. The objective of this study was to assess the relative efficacy and toxicity of the dual NRTI part of the regimen in antiretroviral-naïve HIV-1-infected adults. A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled ...

Lamivudine is a nucleoside analogue that is used clinically for treating chronic hepatitis B infection. However, the main problem with prolonged use of lamivudine is the development of viral resistance to the treatment. Mutations in the YMDD motif of the hepatitis B virus DNA polymerase gene have been associated with ...

BACKGROUND: Currently, hepatitis B immunoglobulins (HBIg) and/or lamivudine have become the main options for prevention of hepatitis B recurrence after liver transplantation. AIM: To assess the benefits of HBIg and/or lamivudine for prevention of hepatitis B recurrence after liver transplantation. METHODS: We conducted a search of electronic databases and a ...

The authors assessed the efficacy and antiviral resistance of 48-week clevudine therapy versus lamivudine in treatment of naïve patients with HBeAg positive chronic hepatitis B. In this retrospective study, a total of 116 HBeAg positive patients, who received 30 mg of clevudine once daily (n=53) or 100 mg of lamivudine ...

A cross-sectional study was conducted in HIV-1-infected patients receiving lamivudine-containing antiretroviral therapy (ART) to determine the prevalence and risk factors of hepatitis B virus drug resistance (HBV-DR). HBV DNA and HBV genotypic resistance test were performed. Patients were categorized into two groups: with and without HBV-DR. There were 84 patients ...

Pakistan remains in the intermediate prevalence area for Hepatitis B with an estimated carrier rate of 2.5%. Chronic Hepatitis B patients should be considered for treatment if Alanine transaminase (ALT) is persistently elevated in the last 6 months and HBV DNA is > 2000 IU/ml, irrespective of HBeAg status. In ...

BACKGROUND: As a radical cure for post-hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, liver transplantation has been applied in many medical centers. Before the use of effective measures, hepatitis B recurrence and the existence of HBsAg(+) donors, patients with hepatitis B-related diseases are contraindicated for liver transplantation. Application ...

A 57-year-old man developed acute hepatitis B virus (AHB), caused by HBV genotype Ae. Lamivudine (LAM) therapy was started at 8 months after the disease onset, because the infection was persistent, but not self-limited. Despite LAM therapy, the hepatitis became chronic. Further, virological breakthrough developed due to the emergence of ...

Until the advent of tenofovir, many HIV/hepatitis B virus (HBV) co-infected patients had been treated with lamivudine as the only agent active against HBV. Selection of lamivudine-resistant HBV strains occurred in many of these patients, complicating clinical prognosis and rescue therapy. These individuals might also transmit HBV-resistant strains. Moreover, a ...

In the past 15 years, improvements in the treatment of HIV infection have dramatically reduced morbidity and mortality. Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors are the backbone of combination antiretroviral therapy for the treatment of HIV. One of the recommended and commonly used therapies in this class is the once-daily fixed-dose combination ...

BACKGROUND: Large clinical studies assessing long-term adefovir dipivoxil salvage monotherapy in patients with lamivudine-resistant chronic hepatitis B (CHB) are lacking, particularly in patients positive for hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg). We assessed the efficacy and resistance profile of adefovir dipivoxil monotherapy for up to 5 years in a large cohort ...

Lamivudine is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor that is widely used for the treatment of HIV-1 infection in combination with other antiretrovirals. It is a highly effective agent that can be dosed once or twice daily due to its long intracellular half-life. It also has one of the best tolerability ...

BACKGROUND: Lamivudine and interferon have been widely used for the treatment of patients with chronic HBV infection. Serum HBV RNA is detected during lamivudine therapy as a consequence of interrupted reverse transcription and because RNA replicative intermediates are unaffected by the drug. In this study, we aimed to determine the ...

Substantial advances have been made in the treatment of chronic hepatitis B in the past decade. Currently, there are seven approved agents including two forms of interferon (conventional and pegylated), and five oral nucleoside/nucleotide analogues (lamivudine, adefovir, entecavir, telbivudine and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate). The availability of these multiple treatment options ...

BACKGROUND: The roadmap approach is recommended to guide chronic hepatitis B treatment. We evaluated the cost-effectiveness of various treatment strategies in the global market. METHODS: Lamivudine and telbivudine were tested in roadmap models with switch-to tenofovir if HBV was detectable at week 24 or add-on tenofovir if resistance developed at ...

OBJECTIVES: The main aims of this work were to describe patterns of medication use in the treatment of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in patients in the northern part of the Netherlands and to compare these practices with established guidelines. In addition, the duration of use and the costs ...

Abacavir has been at the center of research and clinical interest in the last two years. The frequency of the associated abacavir hypersensitivity syndrome has decreased substantially since the introduction of routine testing for the HLA-B*5701 allele; the activity of the drug in HIV-infected persons with HIV RNA values more ...

Chronic viral hepatitis B remains a global public health concern. Currently, several drugs, such as lamivudine and telbivudine, are recommended for treatment of patients with chronic hepatitis B. However, there are no conclusive results on the comparison of the efficacy of lamivudine (LAM) and telbivudine (LdT) in the treatment of ...

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Severe acute hepatitis B is a rapid deterioration of liver function, which carries a high mortality rate. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of lamivudine in patients with severe acute hepatitis B. METHODS: In this study, 80 patients with severe acute hepatitis B ...

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is the one of the most common causes of the liver diseases in Korea. Since the discovery of Australia antigen (hepatitis associated antigen, or HBsAg later), hepatitis associated antigen was tested widely. HBsAg was detected in 6.6-8.6% in 1980's. Later, it decreased to 5.7% in ...

BACKGROUND: Fixed dose antiretroviral combinations (FDC) may improve therapy adherence with reduced pill burden. Abacavir and lamivudine are well-established nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors available as a once-daily FDC. Abacavir is currently considered an alternative treatment option in most established treatment guidelines based on associations with cardiovascular events and lesser efficacy in ...

Here we report three cases of hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation after cessation of preemptive lamivudine therapy in B-cell lymphoma patients treated with rituximab plus CHOP (R-CHOP). Two patients received eight cycles of R-CHOP, and one received two cycles of R-CHOP followed by two courses of rituximab. As all the ...

Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (tenofovir DF) is an orally administered ester prodrug of tenofovir, a nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor that shows potent in vitro activity against both hepatitis B virus (HBV) and HIV-1. As a component of antiretroviral combination therapy regimens, tenofovir DF is well established in the treatment of adults ...

Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate is a nucleotide analog reverse transcriptase inhibitor recently approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in adults. Tenofovir has been available in the United States for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) since ...

Chronic hepatitis B is a serious disease both worldwide and in the United States. There are two types of drugs available to treat chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection: interferons that boost the immune system, and antiviral or nucleoside analogues that are designed to interfere with HBV DNA to prevent ...

OBJECTIVE: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation is a well-known complication in cancer patients receiving cytotoxic chemotherapy, resulting in varying degrees of liver damage. The objective of this study was to investigate the efficacy of lamivudine for the prevention of HBV reactivation in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) patients undergoing high-dose chemotherapy and ...

Aim: Continuous lamivudine treatment is associated with high frequency of drug resistance. We analyzed the incidence of tyrosine-methionine-aspartate-aspartate (YMDD) motif mutant and breakthrough hepatitis (BTH) in hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA positive patients receiving lamivudine for > 1 year and correlated it with HBV DNA and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels ...

De novo hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) always progresses to chronic hepatitis because of the patients' immunocompromised status, and only a few then acquire hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) seroconversion even with efficient antiviral therapy. Here we reported the case of a liver transplant recipient ...

Nucleoside or nucleotide analogs (NUCs) are a major step forward in the treatment of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Apart from their proven antiviral efficacy, these drugs have proved able to significantly improve liver fibrosis as short-term treatment. Using different definitions of fibrosis regression, after 1 year of treatment, improvement ...

At present, there is no consensus treatment for patients who have poor response to Adevofir dipivoxil (ADV) monotherapy and no ADV-associated mutation. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of a new therapeutic strategy combining Lamivudine (LAM) and ADV in patients with HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B (CHB) ...

This retrospective analysis was conducted to describe the characteristics of nucleoside-na?ve hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-positive patients with chronic hepatitis B, who achieved hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) loss during entecavir or lamivudine therapy. HBeAg-positive adults with chronic hepatitis B, elevated serum alanine aminotransferase, and compensated liver disease were randomized ...

Entecavir (Baraclude), a nucleoside analogue, is rapidly phosphorylated to the active intracellular 5'-triphosphate form that inhibits replication of hepatitis B virus (HBV). Oral entecavir is approved in the US, EU and several countries worldwide for the treatment of chronic HBV infection in adults (> or =16 years of age) with ...

Lamivudine prophylaxis is an effective strategy in HbSAg-positive patients receiving cancer chemotherapy. Recent data indicate that a lamividune-prophylaxis strategy results in a decrease of hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation rates, though its effect on HBV-mortality remains equivocal. This report evaluates the benefits from this strategy among lymphoma patients and develops ...

BACKGROUND: A recommendation was made by the ACT-HBV Asia-Pacific Steering Committee regarding the withdrawal of lamivudine in chronic hepatitis B patients after achieving effective maintained virological suppression. The outcome of patients following this therapeutic guideline has not been clearly investigated. OBJECTIVE: In this study, we examined the outcome of patients ...

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effectiveness and safety of antiretroviral therapy with unboosted atazanavir (400 mg once daily) plus co-formulated abacavir/lamivudine as a treatment simplification strategy in HIV-infected patients with sustained viral suppression in routine clinical practice. METHODS: We performed a retrospective study including patients who were switched to unboosted atazanavir ...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the long-term efficacy and safety of lamivudine treatment for chronic hepatitis B and the impact of emergence of YMDD mutation of hepatitis B virus (HBV). METHODS: A total of 429 patients with serum HBsAg, HBeAg and HBV DNA positive were randomized to receive either lamivudine 100 mg ...

Entecavir is a potent inhibitor of hepatitis B virus (HBV) polymerase. The efficacy and safety of entecavir in nucleoside-na??ve patients with hepatitis B virus e antigen (HBeAg)-positive chronic hepatitis B was established in a large, international, double-dummy study (ETV-022) where patients were randomized to entecavir 0.5 mg/day (n = 354) ...

BACKGROUND: Acute exacerbation (AE) of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in cancer chemotherapy patients and in organ transplant recipients receiving immunosuppressants may cause catastrophe and high mortality. Hence, immediate treatment with nucleoside analogues for such patients has become a consensus. Anti-HBV therapeutic trials in Asia have shown that AE ...

Chronic hepatitis B is a worldwide health problem. Research interests have focused on the development of potent and safe antiviral agents with low resistance rates. Among these, telbivudine is an oral nucleoside analogue with specific activity against hepatitis B virus DNA polymerase. Various prospective, randomized clinical trials have demonstrated the ...

The goal of antiviral therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis B is to prevent, through persistent suppression of HBV replication, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Currently, seven drugs are available: IFN-alpha, pegylated interferon, lamivudine, adefovir dipivoxil, entecavir, telbivudine and tenofovir. The choice of the drugs should always take into consideration the ...

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is known to be responsible for both hepatic and extrahepatic manifestations including dermatitis, polyarthralgias and arthritis, pulmonary disease, aplastic anemia, glomerulonephritis and vasculitis. The mechanism of these extrahepatic disorders is thought to be linked to immune complex disease, but their pathogenesis is poorly clarified. Immunosuppressive ...

We investigated the relationship between hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg) serum level decline and posttreatment response in patients with hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-negative chronic hepatitis B from a large multinational study of pegylated interferon alfa-2a (peginterferon alfa-2a), with or without lamivudine, versus lamivudine alone. Serum HBsAg was quantified ...

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Patients with hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-negative chronic hepatitis B treated with peginterferon alpha-2a with or without lamivudine achieve significantly higher 6-month posttreatment rates of response compared with those treated with lamivudine alone. The durability of <or=3-year posttreatment response was investigated in this study. METHODS: Patients received ...

Serial monotherapy and add-on regimes for treatment of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection may induce the accumulation of viral resistance mutations in patients, reducing the options for ongoing viral suppression. The induction of antiviral resistance by serial application of polymerase inhibitors does not necessarily imply that the subsequent combined ...