Vietnamese-Australian women have infants with lower birth weight than Australian-born women. Traditional humoral food habits, based on ancient Chinese medicine, are more likely to be followed during life changes like pregnancy. These food habits may influence maternal energy intake, weight gain and therefore infant birth weight. This study determined the ...

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the risk of maternal overweight associated with an excessive rate of gestational gain needs to be balanced against the risks of impaired fetal growth associated with a low rate of gain. METHODS: Rate of gestational weight gain was measured prospectively in a sample of 274 young, ...

The purpose of this study was to describe the intra- and interexaminer reliability of weight measurements obtained from critically ill infants on an in-bed electronic scale. Weight measurements were obtained using the in-bed scale (Smart Model 35, Olympic Medical, Seattle, Washington) for 32 infants; 16 were in an incubator, and ...

Growth monitoring in infancy is a useful tool for detecting growth disorders and failure to thrive. However, current weight charts do not monitor growth as such, they only identify infants whose weight centile is low and/or falling. A reference of conditional weight gain is described which compares an infant's current ...

OBJECTIVE: To study the postoperative outcome of infants under the age of 18 months in whom an adenotonsillectomy had been performed, with particular emphasis on the pre- and postoperative weight gain and linear growth velocities, and the resolution of symptoms of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA). METHODOLOGY: A retrospective study of ...

Total body water (TBW), extracellular water (ECW) and intracellular water (ICW) were measured within 6 h of birth in 99 appropriate for gestational age (AGA) infants. The two groups of infants included were term (mean +/- SD gestation 272 +/- 7 days) and preterm (mean +/- SD gestation 238 +/- ...

OBJECTIVE: To determine the effects of maternal factors, including prepregnancy maternal adiposity, weight gain during pregnancy, degree of abnormality of the glucose tolerance test, glycemia during pregnancy, and treatment with insulin versus diet therapy, on neonatal body weight, adiposity, and blood pressure in infants of mothers with gestational diabetes (IGDM) ...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relationships between maternal attitude toward weight gain, actual weight gain, and infant birth weight. METHODS: Maternal attitude toward weight gain during pregnancy was assessed in 1000 women, using an 18-item questionnaire administered at a mean of 20 weeks' gestation. Composite scores were compared with pregnancy weight ...

To investigate the changes in body composition corresponding to postnatal weight loss and regaining of birth weight, total body water (TBW) and extracellular water (ECW) were measured at birth, on the day of maximum weight loss and on regaining of birth weight in 23 preterm appropriate for gestational age (AGA) ...

Ten chicks each from Giant Jungle Fowl (JF), broiler breeders (BB), and the respective F1 cross between them, were reared under typical broiler management practices until they reached a market weight of approximately 1,818 g. When individual birds reached market weight they were killed by CO2 asphyxiation and variables (length ...

Data from the Dutch Famine Birth Cohort Study were analyzed to assess the influence of acute famine on the relation of maternal weight gain to birth weight, length, and ponderal index. Records were examined for 734 women receiving at least one month of prenatal care and delivering live-born singleton females ...

The reliability of commonly used predictive equations for estimating energy expenditure in infants in both health and disease was assessed by comparing resting energy expenditure (REE, measured by indirect calorimetry) in relation to weight, height, and body cell mass (by total body potassium analysis) with predictive equations (Harris-Benedict, Food and ...

The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between maternal factors, including rates of gestational weight gain before and after 24 weeks' gestation, and adequacy of intrauterine growth for gestational age at birth of triplets, as a mean Z-score of the triplet set. The study design was a ...

We report a 2 month-old infant referred for failure to thrive. At birth, weight was 3820 g and length 52 cm. After physiologic weight loss, the patient showed no further weight gain for the next two months. On admittance (age 2 mo), weight was 3340 g and length 53 cm; ...

OBJECTIVE: We studied the effect of varying only protein intake on energy balance, protein balance and estimated weight gain composition in premature infants fed either a formula with a protein content of 2.0 g/100 ml (F2) or a protein content of 1.5 g/100 ml (F1.5). DESIGN: Premature infants were randomly ...

Young weaned calves are susceptible to viral and bacterial infections. In two studies 279 and 500 weaned calves were injected at random with an adjuvant, with saline or were left untreated in order to evaluate their weight gain or illness and mortality during the first 10 weeks of fattening on ...

The effects of pregravid weight, gestational weight gain and smoking on infant size, and the extent to which weight gain can compensate for smoking behaviour are explored in multivariate analysis of 1,330 healthy mothers and their full-term infants at the PEI Prenatal Nutritional Counselling Program. Stratified analysis by pregravid weight ...

We investigated whether acute weight gain between the weigh-in and competition was associated with success in a collegiate wrestling tournament. Wrestlers at the NCAA championships were weighed at the official weigh-in and again just before the first round of the tournament (20 h later). Weight gain and the weight discrepancy ...

National Swine Improvement Federation (NSIF) adjustment factors presently used to standardize litter data for age at 21 d, number born alive (NBA), 21-d litter weight, and number after transfer (NAT) were evaluated using 104,884 litters in 1,348 Yorkshire herds and 20,370 litters in 197 Landrace herds. In addition, adjustment factors ...

The influence of maternal growth in knee height during pregnancy on birth weight, gestation, and maternal body composition was examined in 318 teenagers (144 growing, 174 nongrowing) and 276 mature women from the Camden Study. Body-composition differences associated with maternal growth did not arise until after 28 wk gestation, when ...

Twenty-eight chronic hemodialysis patients were studied, and 118 consecutive measurements of the diameter of their inferior vena cava (VCD) were performed with ultrasonography. There was a significant correlation between the percent change in VCD in the expiratory phase (delta VCD-E%) and the percent change of in body weight (delta BW%). ...

Heritabilities for two body weights and five antler characteristics were estimated for a captive white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) herd maintained by the Texas Parks and Wildlife Department. Single male breeding pens with 10-14 female deer were used for five consecutive generations. To minimize selection and maintain a broad genetic base, ...

OBJECTIVES: To determine appropriate indicators and age intervals for growth monitoring in this population, the relationship between monthly weight and length indicators and nutritional status at 12 months was evaluated among 102 low-income Peruvian infants. METHODS: Cutoffs for defining adequate vs slow growth were obtained from published reference data, and ...

A model for predicting the relationship between protein and energy intakes of low-birth-weight (LBW) infants and the rate and composition of weight gain is described. It is based on linear multiple regression equations summarizing the rates of weight gain, nitrogen retention, and energy retention of 101 previously studied LBW infants ...

The objectives were to characterize and determine the predictors of birth weight among women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and to establish whether these predictors vary by prepregnancy body mass index (BMI). A cohort of 353 women with GDM was examined by using data from clinic charts and the McGill ...

Postnatal body weight changes were assessed in 99 infants with birth weights of less than 1200 gm. Growth was monitored during the first 50 postnatal days, and two growth curves were generated for comparison with the lowest Dancis grids. Our critically ill infants, in whom parenteral alimentation was a major ...

Birth (4,197) and weaning (2,441) weight data on Boran, F1 Boran Friesian and three quarter Friesian calves as well as adjusted one-year (390), 2-year (177) and 3-year (364) weights on Boran cattle were analysed to estimate the influence of genetic and environmental factors. Boran, F1 and three quarter calves weighted ...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of lactation on the health status of women with cystic fibrosis and their infants. DESIGN: Data were acquired through a retrospective review of pulmonary, obstetric, and pediatric medical records. SETTING: A medical school-based Pediatric Cystic Fibrosis Center in Philadelphia, Pa. SUBJECTS: Five women with cystic ...

To investigate the hypothesis that weight gain can influence periodic breathing in healthy infants, we prospectively studied, by nocturnal pneumogram technique, respiration and heart rate in 99 full-term infants during the first month of life. Eighty-eight infants had a repeat study at about 2 months of age. Pneumograms were analyzed ...

The relationship between changes in maternal subcutaneous fat and infant birth weight was studied in 608 low income women. A loss of upper arm fat area (> 6.4 cm2), measured from 28 wk gestation to 4-6 wk postpartum, was associated with greater birth weight (+144 g, P < 0.01). However, ...

We documented the pattern and distribution of weight gain through twin pregnancies of healthy non-smoking women with good birth outcomes. The mean birthweight was 2621 g and the mean gestational age at delivery was 37.6 weeks. As few of the women were weighed after 34 weeks, the weight gain graph ...

Production data from 681 yearling ewes were evaluated for the effect of ewe breed and management system on fertility, prolificacy, lamb birth weight, lamb survival, lamb weaning weight, ewe fleece weight, and total lamb weight weaned per ewe exposed. Two hundred seven straightbred Targhee (T) and 474 1/4 Finn-1/4 Dorset-1/2 ...

The effects of offspring sex, weight, age, and level of interaction with the dam on responses to weaning were examined to assist in the development of a weaning protocol for alpacas. In the first study, preand post-weaning activities, and weight change over Days -12-0,0-7 and 7-16 with respect to weaning, ...

OBJECTIVE: To examine the relationship among maternal age, prepregnancy weight, gestational weight gain, and birth weight in 141 low-income black adolescents and their infants. STUDY SAMPLE: One hundred forty-one consecutively enrolled, low-income, black adolescents who entered prenatal care prior to their 23rd week of gestation, were free of chronic diseases, ...

Data on a total of 492 randomly selected women who delivered at term (37-41 weeks) singleton babies in the facilities are analysed. These mothers had been followed up regularly from the booking clinic till delivery of their babies. There were 51 (10.4%) large babies with birth weight > or = ...

Targhee ewes lambing to Romanov vs Finnish Landrace rams gave birth to .22 more lambs (P = .02) and had .15 more lambs alive at weaning (P = .11) but did not rear more lambs. Finnish Landrace x Targhee (FT) and Romanov x Targhee (RT) lambs were similar for preweaning ...

Thirty preterm cocaine-exposed preterm neonates (mean gestational age 30 wks, mean birth weight = 1212 g, mean intensive care unit duration = 18 days) were randomly assigned to a massage therapy or a control group as soon as they were considered medically stable. Group assignment was based on a random ...

The nutrient requirements of most (pre) term newborns receiving intensive care appear to be relatively fixed. The range of optimal fluid load however, is perceived as being quite narrow and highly variable in time. We designed four amino acid-dextrose mixtures for a standardized neonatal parenteral nutrition, delivering a fixed amount ...

We measured 24-hour fecal losses of sodium (Na) and potassium (K) in immediate post natal period of preterm neonates to determine the role of this route in the electrolyte imbalances seen in such infants. The values from preterm infants were compared to a group of age matched term infants. Eleven ...

A retrospective descriptive study was done to determine the potential usefulness of using incremental weight charts in the management of infants followed in a high-risk infant follow-up clinic. For this study, 135 charts were reviewed and 42 were subjected to data collection and analysis by using commercially available weight velocity ...

Ninety-three preterm infants (M gestational age = 30 wks; M birth weight = 1204 g; M ICU duration = 15 days) were randomly assigned to a massage therapy group or a control group once they were considered medically stable. The treatment group (N = 50) received three daily 15-minute massages ...

Weight gain advice showed a notable shift for white married mothers during the 1980s, with a large decline in reported advice of less than 22 pounds concomitant with a substantial increase in reported advice of 28 pounds or more. For black married mothers, there was little change in reported advice, ...

The performance of Nguni, Bonsmara and Hereford oxen which were maintained free of ticks by short interval treatment with acaricide irrespective of tick load (tactical) was compared with similar groups which were treated for tick infestation only when the numbers of adult ticks on the cattle increased to moderately high ...

In spite of increasing interest in techniques and devices for quantifying trunk strength and lifting capacity, relatively little research has been done to determine optimal normalizing factors for strength. The isolation of the ideal factors is a critical prerequisite for comparison of patient data to expected physical capacities in the ...

Variation in the number, total weight, mean individual weight and minimum individual weight of live pups at first and second litter were studied in hemiovariectomized (H = 54 does) and normal (N = 55 does) rabbit does. The total number of implanted embryos in 25 unoperated (N) and 54 hemiovariectomized ...

This study was conducted to investigate the redistribution of fluid compartments and to examine the factors contributing to the variability of early weight loss in premature infants. Fourteen preterm infants (mean +/- SD: birth weight, 1473 +/- 342 gm; gestational age, 30.7 +/- 2.4 weeks) were studied at 1 and ...

Maternal weight gain is the most important modifiable determinant of infant birth weight. Effective intervention requires an understanding of the factors that influence the amount of weight women gain during pregnancy. We studied the dietary, health, and social habits of 141 poor, black, 12- to 19-year-old prenatal patients to learn ...

This study of 459 subjects from prenatal clinics for teenagers at three universities across the United States, addresses questions about gestational weight gain in adolescents raised by the 1990 Institute of Medicine Report. Rate and pattern of gain, independent of pregravid weight, are based on serial measures of mothers with ...

OBJECTIVE: To clarify the advantages and disadvantages of large gestational weight gain among pregnant adolescents. DESIGN: Prospective, longitudinal survey. SETTING: Adolescent-oriented maternity program in Rochester, NY. PARTICIPANTS: One hundred forty-one poor, black, pregnant 12- through 19-year-olds grouped according to rate of gestational weight gain. Slow weight gain was defined as ...