This report describes two infants with recurrent pulmonary edema after umbilical cord blood transplantation (CBT). A 3-month-old boy and a 7-month-old boy with infant acute lymphoblastic leukemia underwent CBT from an unrelated donor in the first complete remission. The conditioning regimen consisted of busulfan, etoposide, and cyclophosphamide. Tacrolimus and short-term ...

Objective:To characterize normal patterns of intestinal motility by ultrasound (US) in the preterm neonate during the first 5 days of life.Study Design:Bowel US examinations were performed with an US machine (Vivid-i, General Electric) equipped with a 13-MHz linear and 7 MHz sector transducer. Still images and clips were taken from all ...

PURPOSE: The splanchnic-cerebral oxygenation ratio (SCOR) is a measurement comparing regional tissue oxygen saturation of splanchnic organs and brain tissue. SCOR has been previously proposed as a marker of clinical conditions associated with gut ischemia. Our goal was to determine SCOR values in healthy neonates in their first and second ...

Background: In 2005, the European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism released guidelines for the use of pediatric parenteral nutrition (PN). The purpose of this study was to compare PN prescribing patterns in preterm infants with current guideline recommendations. Materials and Methods: Six neonatologists in Germany conducted observational, retrospective medical ...

OBJECTIVES: To report the neonatal morbidity in fetuses with severe congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) treated with fetoscopic endoluminal tracheal occlusion (FETO) and compare it with historical controls with less severe forms that were managed expectantly. METHODS: This is a prospective multicenter study on neonatal outcomes and prenatal predictors in 90 ...

AIM: To describe the outcome of the 4-month immunisation in a cohort of extremely preterm babies who had clinically significant apnoea after their 2-month immunisation. METHOD: A retrospective audit was conducted from January 2001 to January 2011 at Flinders Medical Centre (FMC). Suspected apnoeic reactions to the 2-month immunisation in ...

Baboons (Papio hamadryas anubis) of a conventional breeding colony were nursery-reared to create a specific pathogen-free (SPF) baboon-breeding program. Because the founding generations were nursery-reared until 2 years of age, it was suspected that the SPF baboons would exhibit increased reproductive challenges as adults. Mothering behavior was of interest, because ...

BACKGROUND: Cystatin C (CysC) is a promising endogenous marker for renal function. However, the reference serum CysC level is not sufficiently studied in neonates. This study was conducted to investigate the reference level of serum CysC for neonates, including very low birth weight infants according to the postconceptional age (PCA). ...

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) are persistent, bioaccumulative and toxic chemicals. These compounds are transferred to breast milk, therefore breastfed infants are at risk of being exposed to considerable amounts of PCBs and PCDD/Fs during this sensitive age. In the present study individual breast milk ...

This study examined the viability of 4,554 D'man lambs born alive at Errachidia research station in south-eastern Morocco between 1988 and 2009. Lamb survival to 1, 10, 30 and 90 days old was 0.95, 0.93, 0.93 and 0.92, respectively. The majority of deaths (85.7 %) occurred before 10 days of age. Type and ...

Objective:To investigate the effects of parental presence and infant holding in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) on neurobehavior at term equivalent.Study Design:Prospective cohort enrolled 81 infants born 30 weeks gestation. Nurses tracked parent visitation, holding and skin-to-skin care throughout the NICU hospitalization. At term, the NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scale ...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the longitudinal changes in amino acid (AA) and acylcarnitine (AC) profiles of preterm neonates over the first 2 wk of life, and to detect any significant deviation from full term values that requires change of cut-off values used for detection of metabolic disorders in preterm neonates. METHODS: This ...

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the characteristics of biliary atresia (BA) in preterm infants. STUDY DESIGN: Nationwide screening for BA in Taiwan using an infant stool color card was launched in 2004. We investigated the characteristics of BA in preterm infants using the national stool card registry center database. RESULTS: We identified ...

The risk linked to furan ingestion has been assessed in previous papers for Belgian adults and children. The present paper focuses on infants consuming only ready-to-eat baby food. As there is no Belgian baby dietary database, the furan exposure assessment was carried out by using an Italian infant consumption database ...

OBJECTIVE: To assess whether early somatosensory evoked potentials (SEP) predict long-term neurodevelopmental outcome in normothermic, full-term infants with mild to moderate neonatal encephalopathy (NE), and to compare their predictive value to already available amplitude integrated EEG (aEEG) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). METHODS: Fifty-six infants with post-asphyxia NE were prospectively ...

BACKGROUND: Surfactant protein D (SP-D) is a soluble oligomeric C-type lectin known to protect against lipopolysaccharide and ventilator-induced lung injury in preterm lambs. Here we assess the expression and functional status of SP-D in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) from preterm infants at risk of chronic lung disease (CLD) of prematurity ...

To determine the prognostic impact of the embryo nuclear status at day 2 among other major morphologic parameters (first cleavage at day 1, number of blastomeres and anuclear fragmentation at day 2) on the birth rate. Retrospective study. Hospital IVF department. Women undergoing 1,629 day 2 transfers of 2,732 embryos ...

The first days after delivery of a newborn infant are critical for breastfeeding establishment. Successful initiation and continuation-especially of exclusive breastfeeding-have become public health priorities, but it is fraught with many individual- and systems-level barriers. In this article, we review how hospital newborn services can be constructed or restructured to ...

: To determine whether exclusively pumping mothers of preterm infants could achieve full milk production while using the Ameda Platinum breast pump the first 14 days postpartum. : Twenty-six mothers who delivered infants between 26 and 32 weeks' gestation at 2 Intermountain Healthcare hospitals completed the study. Mothers could not ...

Objective:To study the incidence of sepsis and neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) costs as a function of the human milk (HM) dose received during the first 28 days post birth for very low birth weight (VLBW) infants.Study design:Prospective cohort study of 175 VLBW infants. The average daily dose of HM ...

PURPOSE: To systematically review the characteristics, prevalence, evolution, and obstetric associations of retinal hemorrhages (RH) in newborns. METHODS: A systematic review, searching 10 databases (1970-2011), identified 45 studies, which underwent two independent reviews via the use of standardized critical appraisal. Studies meeting the following criteria were included: examination by an ...

BACKGROUND: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) caused by Acinetobacter baumannii is increasing. It has a high mortality rate but experience in using inhaled colistin as monotherapy for VAP in children, especially pre-term infants, is limited. This study presents experiences using aerosolized colistin as monotherapy for VAP due to A. baumannii infection in ...

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a cause of neurological complications in infants. We report a rare case of RSV encephalopathy in an infant who presented with poor sucking and hypothermia at 17 days of age after suffering from rhinorrhea and a cough for several days. After hospitalization, the patient presented with ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) is a major cause of pediatric morbidity and mortality, especially among non-affluent communities. In this study we determine the impact of respiratory viruses and how viral co-detections/infections can affect clinical LRTI severity in children in a hospital setting. METHODS: Patients younger than 3 ...

Acquired Bartter-like syndrome (BLS), characterized by hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis, hypomagnesemia, hypocalcemia, and normal kidney function, can be induced by diuretics or antibiotics. It is a very rare condition and only anecdotal cases mostly in adults were reported. Although tubulopathy associated with colistin was reported in adults, to the best of ...

Coagulase-negative staphylococci are the most common cause of late-onset sepsis in premature neonates. The optimal approach in persistent coagulase-negative staphylococcal bacteremia, despite adequate treatment with glycopeptides, is not well established. A retrospective study was conducted on preterm neonates with persistent coagulase-negative staphylococcal bacteremia treated with the combination of vancomycin-rifampicin. Ten ...

Abstract Objective To determine whether maternal antihypertensive drugs influenced cerebral oxygenation in preterm infants during the first days after birth. Methods We included 49 preterm infants (median gestational age 30.3 weeks, (range 26.0-31.9), birth weight 1250 grams, (560-2250)). Regional cerebral oxygen saturation (r(c)SO(2)) was measured by near-infrared spectroscopy on postnatal ...

BACKGROUND:: Early-term birth (gestational age, 37-38 weeks) has been associated with increased infant mortality relative to later-term birth, but mortality beyond infancy has not been studied. We examined the association between early-term birth and mortality through young adulthood. METHODS:: We conducted a national cohort study of 679,981 singleton births in ...

Background: Spectral EEG analysis using automated quantification of total absolute band power (tABP) for long-term brain monitoring is reliable. We hypothesised that tABP during the first critical days of life could be a useful tool for predicting later developmental outcomes. Objective: To determine whether measuring EEG background activity in premature ...

The objective of this study was to summarize current information about the normal values on infant sleep polysomnography for clinical use. MEDLINE (Ovid), EMBASE (Ovid), and CINAHL (Ovid) from January 1976 to May 2007 were searched. Two reviewers independently reviewed all relevant articles, using preset inclusion criteria. The population of ...

Current knowledge suggests that laryngeal chemoreflexes (LCR) are involved in the occurrence of certain neonatal apneas/bradycardias, especially in the preterm newborn. While caffeine and/or nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) are the most frequent options used for treating apneas in preterm newborns, their effects on LCR-related apneas/bradycardias are virtually unknown. ...

INTRODUCTION: Circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) are bone marrow derived progenitors that can be mobilized by erythropoietin or in response to tissue injury, and participate in vascular repair. EPC are understudied in human neonates. Whether EPC frequency in newborn infants may be influenced by gestational age or postnatal stress is ...

Immunological mechanisms influencing the risk of mother-to-child cytomegalovirus (CMV) transmission in preterm infants have not been studied sufficiently. In this study, the correlation between maternal and neonatal serum anti-CMV IgG levels and risk of postnatal CMV transmission in preterm infants was assessed. Anti-CMV IgG levels of 79 CMV seropositive mothers ...

OBJECTIVE: To examine whether preterm very low birth weight (VLBW) infants have an increased risk of late-onset sepsis (LOS) following early-onset sepsis (EOS). STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective analysis of VLBW infants (401-1500 g) born September 1998 through December 2009 who survived >72 hours and were cared for within the National Institute ...

Feeding intolerance (FI) is usually defined as "gastric residual volume of more than 50 % of the previous feeding volume, emesis, abdominal distension or both of these symptoms and a decrease, delay or discontinuation of enteral feedings." We aimed to compare the incidence of FI in preterm infants fed with powdered ...

The objective of this research was to study influence of birth routines on mother-infant interaction at Day 4. The present research is part of a longitudinal study where mother-infant pairsfrotocol for the assessment/coding of the affective quality of maternal behaviors indicative of early mother-infant interaction was developed and interculturally validated. ...

Objective To describe the clinical characteristics and outcomes of neonatal intensive care unit patients with a radiographic diagnosis of pneumatocele.Study Design Retrospective chart review.Results Our cohort (n = 27) had a gestational age of 27 ± 5 weeks, birth weight of 1038 ± 760 g, and a predominance of females (59%) and black infants (74%). All infants were ventilated at ...

We describe an infant with cutaneous and leptomeningeal diffuse hemangiomata. Clinical facial anomalies were evident at birth. Routine transfontanellar ultrasonography revealed very diffuse leptomeningeal hemangioma. Magnetic resonance imaging during the first days of age confirmed vascular lesions. The patient was otherwise normal, and was monitored at ages 3.5, 9, and ...

Abiotic inputs such as photoperiod and temperature can regulate reproductive cyclicity in many species. When humans perturb this process by intervening in reproductive cycles, the ecological consequences may be profound. Trophic mismatches between birth pulse and resources in wildlife species may cascade toward decreased survival and threaten the viability of ...

Diffusion weighted MR imaging (DWI) plays an important role in the diagnosis of perinatal arterial ischemic stroke (PAIS) during the acute phase. Its derived apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) can be used to quantify the diffusion restriction. Aim of the current study was to identify the changes in ADC values in ...

Objective-To determine whether the concentrations of airborne virulent Rhodococcus equi in stalls housing foals during the first 2 weeks after birth are associated with subsequent development of R equi pneumonia in those foals. Sample-Air samples collected from foaling stalls and holding pens in which foals were housed during the first ...

Gestational and chronological age may have an impact on myocardial function. We studied the longitudinal changes of the atrioventricular tissue Doppler velocities in premature infants through the neonatal transitional period and at expected term and explored the reproducibility of the measurements. Prospective, observational and longitudinal cohort study. Two-centre study, from ...

Trisomy 22 is a common trisomy in spontaneous abortions. In contrast, live-born trisomy 22 is rarely seen due to severe organ malformations associated with this condition. Here, we report on a male infant with complete, non-mosaic trisomy 22 born at 35 + 5 weeks via caesarean section. Peripheral blood lymphocytes ...

To describe profile of births occurring in teaching institution on selected parameters. Considering feasibility, four months were systematically chosen for two-year time frame over a decade to gather selected information of consecutive singleton intramural births from log books of labor room on structured pro-forma. Data management was done using software ...

Background. In adults severely disturbed microcirculatory flow can be observed by Orthogonal Polarized Spectral (OPS) imaging techniques during sepsis. Therefore we set out to assess for microcirculatory changes in term newborns with suspected early onset infection using OPS. Methods. OPS images were obtained prospectively from the vascular bed of the ...

To analyze the global microbial composition, using large-scale DNA sequencing of 16 S rRNA genes, in faecal samples from colicky infants given DSM 17938 or placebo. Twenty-nine colicky infants (age 10-60 days) were enrolled and randomly assigned to receive either (10 cfu) or a placebo once daily for 21 days. ...

Objective This study was conducted to evaluate the predictive value of urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (uNGAL) for acute kidney injury (AKI) among septic preterm infants.Methods Twenty-six very low-birth-weight (VLBW) babies were separated into three groups: group I, healthy preterms; group II, preterms with sepsis but without AKI; group III, preterms with sepsis ...

OBJECTIVE: To share our experience in treating a large cohort of infants with congenital vallecular cysts using endoscopic laser marsupialization. We describe the clinical characteristics of infants with pediatric vallecular cysts and compare these characteristics between infants with and without concurrent laryngomalacia and those who did or did not require ...

Busulfan, an antineoplastic bifunctional-alkylating agent, is known to induce developmental anomalies and fetal neurotoxicity. We previously reported that busulfan induced p53-dependent neural progenitor cell apoptosis in fetal rat brain (Ohira et al., 2012). The present study was carried out to clarify the characteristics and sequence of busulfan-induced pathological changes in ...

OBJECTIVES: The prevalence and clinical significance of persistent candidemia among neonates are poorly understood. This study aimed to describe the rate and the clinical relevance of persistent candidemia over a 4-year period in Kuwait. METHODS: A retrospective chart review of infants admitted to the Neonatal Care Unit of the Maternity ...