OBJECTIVES: To perform a bibliometric analysis of theses and dissertations on prematurity in the Capes database from 1987 to 2009. METHODS: This is a descriptive study that used the bibliometric approach for the production of indicators of scientific production. Operationally, the methodology was developed in four steps: 1) construction of ...

AIM: To evaluate the impact of an improved nutritional policy for extremely low birth weight infants on nutritional deficits and postnatal growth. METHOD: We compared two groups of 37 extremely low birth weight infants, born before and after the introduction of an improved nutritional policy in April 2006. Group A ...

Background:Correct evaluation of iron status is important in young infants, as both iron deficiency and excess may have negative effects on development, growth and morbidity.Methods:We evaluated iron status by using erythrocyte parameters, including reticulocyte hemoglobin content (CHr) in infants with birth weight <3000 grams (g) (n=80). Blood samples and infant's ...

OBJECTIVE: The aims of this study were to develop a nomogram of umbilical cord diameter (UCD) for pathologic examination of the placenta, to identify the umbilical cord components responsible for variations in UCD, and to examine the relationship between UCD and other placental pathologic features and perinatal outcome. STUDY DESIGN: ...

Increasing concentrations of air pollution have been shown to contribute to an enormity of adverse health outcomes worldwide, which have been observed in clinical, epidemiological, and animal studies as well as in vitro investigations. Recently, studies have shown that air pollution can affect the developing fetus via maternal exposure, resulting ...

BACKGROUND: The effects of low-level prenatal manganese (Mn) exposure on neonatal growth remain unclear. The level of fetal Mn that may be considered "safe" has never been examined. METHODS: A multicenter study including 1377 mother-infant pairs was conducted from 2008 through 2009 in Shanghai. Mn concentrations were determined for both ...

Inconsistent associations between maternal vitamin D status and fetal size have been published in small studies. Our objective was to examine the association between maternal 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels and measures of newborn and placental weight. We measured maternal 25(OH)D in mothers from the Collaborative Perinatal Project, an observational cohort ...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate perinatal and long-term complications of fetuses with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) compared to constitutionally small ones (SGA). STUDY DESIGN: Outcome of infants with IUGR and SGA born at the Medical University Graz, Austria between 2003 and 2009 was retrospectively analyzed. Group assignment was based on birth weight, ...

BACKGROUND: Micronutrient deficiencies may be related to poor fetal growth and short gestation. Few studies have investigated the contribution of maternal vitamin A deficiency to these outcomes. OBJECTIVE: In rural northwestern Bangladesh, we examined the effects of weekly antenatal vitamin A and β-carotene supplementation on birth weight, length, circumferential body ...

OBJECTIVE: To determine the morbidity and mortality in ELBW babies till discharge from a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). METHODS: This study was a prospective observational study conducted in a 40 bed well equipped level III care NICU between 01.12.2006 and 30.04.2008. All ELBW babies admitted during this period were ...

Infants with myelomeningocele (MMC) increase step frequency in response to modifications to the treadmill surface. The aim was to investigate how these modifications impacted the electromyographic (EMG) patterns. We analyzed EMG from 19 infants aged 2-10months, with MMC at the lumbosacral level. We supported infants upright on the treadmill for12 ...

OBJECTIVES: To document the patterns of first-order fertility rates associated with extreme maternal ages in Taiwan; determine if there is a gap in adverse birth outcomes (specifically low birth weight and prematurity) between adolescent mothers and older mothers; and determine which factors are important in explaining the differences in adverse ...

OBJECTIVES: To examine the impact of maternal pregestational body mass index (BMI) and smoking on neonatal abdominal circumference (AC) and weight at birth. To define reference curves for birth AC and weight in offspring of healthy, nonsmoking, normal weight women. DESIGN: Population-based study. SETTING: Data from the Danish Medical Birth ...

BACKGROUND: Anemia of prematurity commonly occurs in infants with very low birth weight; blood transfusion is an important treatment. However, there is no clear evidence to support the criteria currently widely used, based on blood hemoglobin (bHb) and hematocrit indices. Previous studies showed that overtransfusion or a low threshold for ...

Early growth patterns have been associated with subsequent obesity risk. However, findings from middle-income populations suggest that early infant growth may benefit lean mass and height rather than adiposity. We tested the hypothesis that rapid weight or length gain in different growth periods would be associated with size and body ...

AIM: Intrauterine, early life and maternal exposures may have important consequences for cancer development in later life. The aim of this study was to examine perinatal and birth characteristics with respect to Cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM) risk. METHODS: The Northern Ireland Child Health System database was used to examine gestational ...

Background:Overweight has its origins largely in early life. We aimed to identify the most important parental, fetal and infant risk factors of preschool overweight.Methods:In a prospective cohort study, among 3,610 Caucasian preschool children, we assessed the associations of 34 putative parental, fetal and infant factors with overweight risk.Results:Higher maternal BMI, ...

BackgroundInfants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), and especially those born with very low birth weight (VLBW; <1500 grams), are at risk for respiratory decompensation requiring endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation. Intubation and mechanical ventilation are associated with increased morbidity, particularly in urgent unplanned cases.MethodsWe tested the hypothesis ...

OBJECTIVES: This study aims to (1) follow up and characterize infant growth patterns during the first year of life in Bolivia, and (2) determine whether there exists an association between weight gain and cognitive development in children living near contaminated mining industries. METHODS: Data on 175 children participating to the ...

OBJECTIVE: To test the hypothesis that high-risk ventilator-dependent extremely low birth weight (birth weight ≤1000 g) infants treated with 7 days of hydrocortisone will have larger total brain tissue volumes than placebo treated infants. STUDY DESIGN: A predetermined sample size of 64 extremely low birth weight infants, between 10-21 days ...

Interorganizational collaboration has become a popular strategy for addressing population health and well-being. However, evidence for its effectiveness in achieving outcomes at the population level is limited, at least in part due to a variety of methodological challenges such as reduced sample size at the population level, the availability of ...

Abstract Objective: Documentation of examination of brain structural development by MRI beyond the neonatal period is scarce for both preterm and small for gestational age (SGA) infants. Aim: To investigate by MRI structural brain development during infancy in preterm children born SGA. Methods: A total of 205 preterm infants, 139 ...

To compare pulmonary function testing including respiratory compliance (Crs) and time to peak tidal expiratory flow to expiratory time (TPTEF:TE) at term corrected age in healthy infants born at 33-36 weeks of gestation versus healthy infants delivered at term. We performed a prospective cohort study of late preterm infants born ...

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate growth and neurodevelopmental outcome of very low birth weight infants (VLBW) and compare with term normal birth weight infants (NBW) till 12 months corrected age. DESIGN: A prospective cohort study. SETTING: Tertiary care neonatal unit in northern India. SUBJECTS: 37 VLBW infants and 35 NBW infants born ...

Infants in NICUs undergo a variety of painful procedures. The management of pain has become an integral part of newborn infant care with the use of both systemic and topical agents to provide analgesia and anesthesia for procedural pain. Tetracaine and prilocaine-lidocaine are the 2 topical anesthetics most frequently used. ...

OBJECTIVES: (i) To construct hour-specific serum total bilirubin (STB) nomogram in neonates born at <35 weeks of gestation; (ii)To evaluate efficacy of pre-discharge bilirubin measurement in predicting hyperbilirubinemia needing treatment DESIGN: Diagnostic test performance in a prospective cohort study. SETTING: Teaching hospital in North India. SUBJECTS: Healthy neonates with gestation ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Gestational age and birth weight are the principal determinants of newborn's health status. Chile, a middle income country traditionally has public policies that promote maternal and child health. The availability of an exhaustive database of live births has allows us to monitor over time indicators of newborns health. ...

Previous studies have explored the association between air pollution levels and adverse birth outcomes such as lower birth weight. Existing literature suggests an association, although results across studies are not consistent. Additional research is needed to confirm the effect, investigate the exposure window of importance, and distinguish which pollutants cause ...

This study aimed to assess early development in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants with mild intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) or those without IVH and to identify the perinatal morbidities affecting early neurodevelopmental outcome. Bayley Scales of Infant Development-II was used for assessing neurological development in 49 infants with a birth ...

Weight gain in infancy depends on in utero nutritional status, with postnatal growth also dependent on feeding practices, culture, food accessibility and parents' education. To evaluate the relationship between umbilical cord blood leptin levels and feeding mode (breast-fed vs. formula) on weight gain at three months of life. Ninety-nine full-term ...

Objective: Passenger cars often are at a disadvantage when colliding with light trucks (sport utility vehicles [SUVs] and pickups) due to differences in mass, vehicle structural alignment, and stiffness. In 2003, vehicle manufacturers agreed to voluntary measures to improve compatibility, especially in front-to-front and front-to-side crashes, with full adherence to ...

To evaluate intraocular pressure in very low birth weight preterm infants and correlate it with postconceptional age. The intraocular pressure in a prospective cohort of very low birth weight premature infants (defined as a birth weight <1,500 g and gestational age <32 weeks) admitted to Hospital de Clínicas de Porto ...

Objective: To determine the likelihood that infants born to Filipina, other East Asian, and Canadian-born women may be misclassified as small for gestational age when using conventional Canadian birth weight curves rather than those specific to their world region. Methods: We conducted a population-based study of 548 418 singleton live ...

Morbidity and mortality rates are higher among preterm infants due to physiological immaturity and greater growth demands. Nutritional intervention contributes to proper weight gain, which translates into better growth and neurological development, and prevents the onset of metabolic complications. The effect of breastfeeding duration was studied in the analytic profile ...

Preterm birth is a major cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity. While advances in medical care have improved the survival of preterm infants, neurodevelopmental problems persist in this population. This article aims to review factors associated with their neurodevelopmental outcomes. English language studies of neurodevelopmental outcomes in preterm infants were ...

Hyperbilirubinemia is a common problem during neonatal period especially in preterm neonates. Transcutaneous bilirubin measurement (TcB) by special devices had been documented as an effective tool for predicting neonatal jaundice in full term neonate, but for preterm infants the present evidences are controversial. We carried out a prospective study in ...

Background: Low birth weight (LBW) infants are at high risk of zinc deficiency, but there is a paucity of data on their zinc status. Objective: To evaluate zinc status of LBW (BW <2,500 g) and normal birth weight (NBW; BW ≥2,500 g) infants at birth and in early infancy. Methods: ...

To examine breastfeeding outcomes and factors associated with breastfeeding <8 weeks among preterm infants. Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS) data for seven sites from 2004 to 2007 were used. Logistic regression was used to identify correlates of short breastfeeding duration among preterm infants. Among preterm infants, short breastfeeding duration (<8 weeks) ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Many stillbirths show evidence of fetal growth restriction, and most occur at preterm gestational age. The objective of this study is to compare birth weights at preterm gestational ages between live births and stillbirths, and between those occurring before or during labour. METHODS: Based on singleton births from ...

Although data showing adverse effects with high and low gestational weight gain (GWG) come from a large number of countries, a variety of guidelines about the GWG exist. Our objectives were to compare existing GWG and energy recommendations across various countries, as well as the rationale or evidence on which ...

Abstract Compared with term infants, late preterm infants are immature physiologically and metabolically, and have higher risks for medical complications such as respiratory distress, hypoglycemia, hyperbilirubinemia, sepsis, feeding difficulty, and poor neurodevelopmental outcomes. The incidence of late preterm birth is increasing. We evaluated the clinical and demographic characteristics, short-term outcomes, ...

To determine risk factors for childhood overweight that can be identified during the first year of life to facilitate early identification and targeted intervention. Systematic review and meta-analysis. Electronic database search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, PubMed and CAB Abstracts. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: Prospective observational studies following up children from birth for at ...

BACKGROUND: Current literature has been inconsistent in demonstrating that minimizing the duration of mechanical ventilation in very low birth weight (VLBW) newborns reduces lung damage. This study sought to determine if introduction of bubble nasal continuous positive airway pressure (bnCPAP), early surfactant treatment and rapid extubation (combined bnCPAP strategy) in ...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate inflations (initial sustained inflations and consecutive inflations) and breathing during mask ventilation in preterm infants at birth. STUDY DESIGN: Resuscitation of infants <32 weeks' gestation receiving mask ventilation at birth were recorded. Recorded waveforms were divided into inflations (sustained and consecutive inflations), breaths in between inflations, breaths ...

Florida resident birth certificates for 2004-2006 were linked to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's National ART Surveillance System and were used to investigate 1) whether the association of assisted reproductive technology (ART) with preterm birth varies by prepregnancy body mass index and 2) whether the association varies by ...

OBJECTIVE:To compare the time required to obtain a continuous audible heart rate signal from an electrocardiogram (ECG) monitor and pulse oximeter (PO) in infants requiring resuscitation.METHODS:Infants who had both ECG and PO placed during resuscitation were analyzed using video and analog recordings. The median times from arrival until the ECG ...

Background: Acrylamide is a common dietary exposure that crosses the human placenta. It is classified as a probable human carcinogen, and developmental toxicity has been observed in rodents. Objectives: We examined the associations between prenatal exposure to acrylamide and birth outcomes in a prospective European mother-child study. Methods: Hemoglobin (Hb) ...

This research determines whether the observed decline in infant mortality with socioeconomic level, operationalized as maternal education (dichotomized as college or more, versus high school or less), is due to its "indirect" effect (operating through birth weight) and/or to its "direct" effect (independent of birth weight). The data used are ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Effect of indoor air pollution (IAP) on birth weight remains largely unexplored but yet purported as the most important environmental exposure for pregnant women in developing countries due to the effects of second-hand smoke. We investigated the associations between the determinants of indoor air quality in households and ...

To determine the predictive value for death before 12 months of age of mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) and weight-for-length Z score (WFLz). A retrospective cohort analysis of infants living in Keneba, in rural Gambia, was conducted. Anthropometric measures were obtained from demographic surveillance system records for infants registered between February 1974 ...