This population-based, retrospective cohort study of neonatal seizures included all neonates born to residents of Fayette County, Kentucky, from 1985 to 1989. We ascertained potential cases by computer search of hospital-based medical record systems, Kentucky Center for Health Statistics birth certificate data files, and National Center for Health Statistics multiple-cause-of-death ...

Using data from the Quebec birth registration file, case-control analyses were conducted in order to evaluate the risk of low birth weight (< 2500 g), very low birth weight (< 1500 g), preterm birth (< 37 completed weeks), and small for gestational age (< third percentile) among infants born to ...

Birth at preterm gestation and/or with low birth weight is a major predictor of the infant mortality rate, which is twice as high in African-American as in Anglo and Hispanic infants in Texas. This study examined the relative proportions of Anglo, African-American, and Hispanic births that occurred in Texas at ...

This study examined the effect of maternal age on birth outcomes among young adolescents, ages 10 through 15. All records representing single births of primipara, Black or White adolescents, were selected for analysis from the 1983-1986 National Center for Health Statistics' Public Use Linked Live Birth-Infant Death Data File (n ...

OBJECTIVE: To compare perinatal mortality in the United States and Norway, using a new analytic approach based on relative birth weight. DESIGN: Comparison of linked birth and perinatal death records for US and Norwegian births from 1986 through 1987, the most recently available 2-year period. SETTING: Norway and the United ...

The present study was performed to find out which anthropometric measurement(s) could efficiently be substituted for weight to detect neonates with low birth weight at birth. A total of 874 neonates, between 32 and 43 weeks of gestational age were measured within 24 h of birth to interpret the validity ...

OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to describe the neonatal outcomes of 1804 very-low-birth-weight (< or = 1500 gm) infants delivered between November 1989 and October 1990 in the participating centers of the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Neonatal Research Network. STUDY DESIGN: In an observational study sociodemographic, pregnancy, ...

Animal studies have shown that maternal protein deficiency during pregnancy affects fetal birth weight. This study has examined whether or not the fetal birth weight of full-term newborns has any relationship with the acute protein nutrition status of the mother. Protein nutrition status was assessed by measuring the plasma transthyretin ...

A 40% restriction in maternal feed intake throughout gestation in the guinea-pig results in a 35% reduction in fetal body weight at term and a 20-25% reduction in muscle fibre number. To investigate the effect of maternal undernutrition in early gestation, four nutritional treatments were used: controls-pregnant females fed ad ...

This analysis examines the relationship between maternal determinants and birth weight in a population-based birth cohort of 5,284 mothers with singleton births of 28 completed gestational weeks in Qingdao, China, in 1992. Multiple linear regression models suggest that the length of the menstrual cycle, age at menarche, maternal weight, maternal ...

Using data from the Zimbabwe Demographic and Health Survey (1988), this study investigates the factors that determine the nutritional status of children under five years of age. Several sociocultural, economic, and demographic variables were selected for the study. These independent variables were regressed against three proxy measures of malnutrition: height-for-age, ...

This study was conducted to determine the incidence of low birth weight (LBW) in the indigenous population of Al Ain and to identify some risk factors associated with it. The population studied included all consecutive deliveries, occurring in the 3 hospitals in Al Ain City, where almost all deliveries take ...

The study was conducted from May 1991 to April 1992 to determine the factors which affect low infant birth weight. The sample was drawn from pregnant women who delivered live single infants. Weight and gender of the newborn were recorded as well as the parental smoking habit. The study found ...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relation between birth weight and socioeconomic disadvantage during childhood and adolescence in a birth cohort study. DESIGN: Longitudinal analysis of birth weight in relation to social class, household amenities and overcrowding, and financial difficulties as reported by parents at interview when participants were aged 7, 11, ...

The association between selected demographic variables and birth weight on the one hand and a composite hand preference score based on seven hand tasks (each performed twice) on the other was investigated in a sample of 1387 male and female schoolchildren aged 5 to 10 years old. In multiple regression ...

Neonatal and follow-up data of infants from the special care nursery whose birth weights were < 750 g, born between 1980 and 1990, were reviewed. There was a 20% relative improvement in the odds of surviving the neonatal period, a 16% improvement in the odds of being discharged and a ...

OBJECTIVE: To describe (1) short-term postnatal weight loss and gain patterns in infants with very low and extremely low birth weights and (2) the variables that may affect these weight change patterns. DESIGN: Descriptive, retrospective review. SETTING: University hospital in the intermountain western United States. SUBJECTS: Sixty-two charts of infants ...

The purpose of this study was to determine whether moderately low birth weight, singleton babies without congenital anomalies are at increased risk for postperinatal infectious disease mortality. The study cohort consisted of 54,795 live births assembled at 12 medical school-affiliated hospitals in different regions of the United States between 1959 ...

This is a two year retrospective analysis of 1,260 live single births at Sidamo Regional Hospital during 1989-1990. The mean birth weight was 3,243 g (SD +/- 625). There were 678(53.8%) boys and 582(46.2%) girls. The mean birth weight for boys and girls were 3,324 g (SD +/- 622) and ...

This paper explores the relationships between maternal weight, height and poor pregnancy outcome using a data set from a case-control study of low birth weight (LBW) and perinatal mortality in Ahmedabad, India. Maternal height and weights were compared between mothers of 611 perinatal deaths, 644 preterm-LBW, and 1465 normal birth ...

OBJECTIVE: Our goal was to evaluate various trends including gestational age, birth weight, and mode of delivery in an inner-city obstetric patient population delivered at a tertiary medical center. STUDY DESIGN: We used an 18-year computerized perinatal database collected prospectively since 1975 in an inner-city tertiary medical center. More than ...

Fifty preterm neonates were followed up at the age of 6 months and 1 year. In addition to developmental assessment, a complete ophthalmological examination was done on both visits. The largest (62%) gestational age group was of 34-36 weeks. At 6 months, none of the infants had normal vision. At ...

The study aimed at identifying and quantifying determinants of low birth weight (LBW) by following a community based prospective cohort of pregnant women in 45 villages in Pune district. In the 1922 live births born to mothers without a chronic illness, in whom birth weight was available within 24 hours, ...

The objectives were to compare perinatal mortality (PNM) in the Faroes and Denmark while accounting for the high birth weights in the Faroes, and to discuss methodological aspects related to this task. We applied conventional methods employing absolute birth weight standards, and the Wilcox-Russell way of comparing relative birth weights. ...

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to ascertain the influence of evolving obstetric and public health care on the occurrence of low birth weight and preterm birth in a large population. STUDY DESIGN: Birth statistics of 2,049,970 live births (25.1% nonwhite) and 156,009 low-birth-weight infants (39.8% nonwhite) were analyzed. ...

Eighteen abandoned low birth weight infants matched for sex and gestational age with infants who had mothers were followed up till discharge or death. Anthropometric measurements were taken on recruitment and then weekly. Initially all infants were on breast milk. For the abandoned ones, milk was obtained from other mothers. ...

A random retrospective review of the Teen Obstetrical Parenting Perinatal Services (TOPPS) clinic medical records for 1985 to 1989 was completed on 120 adolescent mothers (30 charts for each year). The purpose of this study was to evaluate maternal and infant outcomes related to the goals of the TOPPS clinic ...

1035 married women workers in three modern textile mills in Anhui, China were surveyed to investigate the association of rotating shiftwork with low birth weight and preterm birth in 1992. Information on reproductive health, occupational exposure history, and other covariates including age at pregnancy, time and duration of leave from ...

Adolescent fertility control has been linked with educational completion and long-term economic success. This study evaluated the effect of short-term prenatal intervention on selected maternal and child indexes with first-time pregnant adolescents. Birth patterns were examined over a 5-year period for three groups (N = 216) of adolescents who received ...

OBJECTIVE: Pancreatic beta-cell mass increases rapidly during gestation and early infancy. Infants who are small for gestational age, which is a marker for poor intrauterine nutrition, have reduced beta-cell mass. We examined whether weight and length in early infancy, and in inference beta-cell mass, is related to age at onset ...

The overall mean birth weight of the total deliveries (1986-1988) in Lundu Hospital was 2.96 kg. The mean birth weight for the male babies was 2.94 kg. The Chinese babies had a significantly higher mean birth weight (3.12 kg) than the other ethnic groups (p < 0.05). The overall incidence ...

We hypothesized that the postnatally reduced rate of bone mineralization observed in many very-low-birth-weight (VLBW) infants is the main cause of dolichocephalic flattening of the head in this group of newborns. We measured head shape by using the ratio of the frontooccipital and biparietal diameters, bone mineral content (BMC) at ...

OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to determine whether two or more ultrasonographic fetal growth assessments provide a superior estimate of birth weight than does a single examination. STUDY DESIGN: Five hundred and eighty five ultrasonographic procedures were performed in 263 patients, divided into single (n = 249) and multiple (n = ...

The authors analyzed the outcome for 357 infants with oesophageal atresia and 15 with H-type tracheoesophageal fistula treated from 1980 through 1992. Survival according to Waterston risk categories was 99% for group A, 95% for group B, and 71% for group C. Presently, with optimal management, virtually all infants in ...

OBJECTIVE: To determine the reliability of bioelectrical impedance analysis, and to compare and contrast the anthropometric and BIA status of newborns. DESIGN: BIA and anthropometric parameters were compared in the few days after birth and at about 3 weeks of age. SETTING: At the maternity hospital or in a paediatric ...

The distribution of birth weights among the infants of 172 Gambian primigravidae who had received chemoprophylaxis with Maloprim (pyrimethamine+dapsone) during pregnancy was compared with that of the infants of 149 primigravidae who had received placebo. Administration of chemoprophylaxis led to a reduction in the prevalence of low birth weight babies ...

A meta-analysis of 37 studies on the effects of an intervention program on physiological development of the premature infant was conducted using multidisciplinary research reported since 1979. Two homogeneous populations based on mean infant birth weight were found in which infant stimulation programs were shown to be effective in enhancing ...

The overall objectives of this study were to characterize the patterns of IUGR of infants weighing more than 2500 g at birth and to identify pregnancy-related risk factors associated with IUGR. A total of 195 term newborns were studied from a Pediatric Hospital in the city of Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico. ...

OBJECTIVE: Multiple gestation infants are overrepresented in intensive care nurseries, and have been reported to have greater morbidity than singletons. A cohort of very low birth weight infants was examined to determine outcome of premature infants based on gestation type (multiple or single) and hypothesized that at this low birth ...

This study provides population representative data on live births occurring in Niamey, Niger during the period 1980 to 1985. A total of 5097 live births were systematically sampled from maternity registers over the study period. Due to legislation and incentives to register all live births, between 90 and 95 per ...

This study examines the effects of birth order and interpregnancy interval on birthweight, gestational age, weight-for-gestational age, infant length, and weight-for-length in a sample of 2063 births from a longitudinal study in the Philippines. First births are the most disadvantaged of any birth order/spacing group. The risks associated with short ...

A case-control study on different groups of isolated congenital limb deficiency was performed using a population-based and validated Hungarian data set of 537 cases. All groups showed a significantly lower birth weight. The adjusted odds ratio indicated a significantly lower mean birth weight in infants with terminal transverse deficiencies and ...

The effects of parental consanguinity on gestational age and birth measurements were evaluated on 2880 newborn infants. Consanguineous marriages were considered in three subgroups: first-cousin, first-cousin-once-removed and distant-cousin marriages, versus non-consanguineous marriages. Anthropometric parameters were weight, length, leg length, head, chest and mid-arm values obtained within 24 h of birth. ...