Fish-borne zoonotic trematodes (FZTs) can cause pathology in humans. Fish weight was reported as important risk factor for transmission from snail to fish. However, in fingerlings, the relation between fish weight and infection is unknown. Aim was quantifying the effect of fish weight on infection probability, attack rate, and metacercariae ...

The samples from 13 perches (Perca fluviatilis) - muscle with skin and bones; fish gonads; and acanthocephalan parasites were analysed for mercury (Hg). Hg concentrations were present in all analysed samples. There were found no statistically significant difference in Hg concentration in fish tissues between perches either with or without ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Toxoplasmosis is an important parasitic zoonosis caused by the protozoan Toxoplasma gondii that is distributed world-wide and infects a variety of hosts. However, the prevalence of T. gondii in the environment (such as soil, water and food) is largely unknown. Due to the technical difficulty in oocyst counting ...

The number of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) cases has increased over the past 10 years in Brazil, especially in the North and Northeast regions of the country. The aim of this study was to evaluate the urbanisation of VL vectors in Barcarena, Pará, an area in northern Brazil where VL is ...

Blastocystis sp. is a common intestinal parasite. To date, there have been sporadic and scanty studies on Blastocystis sp. carried out in rural communities in Nepal. We surveyed the prevalence of Blastocystis sp. and its possible associated risk factors, and reported the predominant Blastocystis sp. subtype in two rural communities, ...

From August 2006 to 2008, 411 dogs in northeastern Brazil were evaluated for seropositivity to Neospora caninum. The dogs were clinically examined, and their owners were interviewed about the conditions in which the animals were maintained in order to assess the factors associated with infection by this parasite. A serum ...

We demonstrated the presence of the agent of human granulocytic anaplasmosis (HGA), Anaplasma phagocytophilum, and the agent of Lyme borreliosis, Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, in north-western Turkey. A total of 241 questing Ixodes ricinus adult ticks were sampled by flagging from recreational parks of the Asiatic and European sides of ...

The genus Cryptosporidium includes many common parasites infecting animals and humans, and is a major cause of diarrheal illness worldwide. The biology of gastric Cryptosporidium spp., including replication in the stomach, has not been well documented. This study evaluated the viability of Cryptosporidium andersoni sporozoites in gastric environments after excystation ...

Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a key proinflammatory mediator, which plays a pivotal role in inflammatory and immune diseases. We attempted to clarify the association of functional polymorphisms of MIF gene promoter with the development of gastro-duodenal ulcer. The study was performed in 471 stocked DNAs obtained from the ...

We report a case of invasive gastric infection caused by Monascus ruber observed in a patient from French Guiana with gastric adenocarcinoma. The originality of this case is that, first, this invasive mycosis is extremely rare and, second, the probable mode of infection was by the consumption of Monascus ruber-contaminated ...

A case of a 62-year-old man with Candida krusei peritonitis secondary to duodenal perforation due to Candida duodenitis that was successfully treated with a 14-day course of caspofungin is reported. The potential role of Candida infection in the pathogenesis of peptic ulcers and duodenal perforation is considered. If this role ...

Spices and herbal remedies have been used since ancient times to treat a variety of disorders. It has been experimentally demonstrated that spices, herbs, and their extracts possess antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antirheumatic, lipid-lowering, hepatoprotective, nephroprotective, antimutagenic and anticancer activities, besides their gastroprotective and anti-ulcer activities. Despite a number of reports on ...

The presence of pneumothorax, pneumomediastinum, or cervical subcutaneous emphysema due to perforated duodenal ulcer is a rare presentation. We report a 23-year-man who showed bilateral cervical subcutaneous emphysema, pneumomediastinum, and pneumothorax with no respiratory abnormality. He was found to have active duodenal ulcers, but no detectable pneumoperitoneum or duodenal leak. ...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: We investigated the incidence of upper gastrointestinal lesions in the esophagus, stomach and duodenum in patients on low-dose aspirin (LDA) therapy. METHODS: The subjects were 101 consecutive outpatients who had been on LDA therapy (average age 67.2 +/- 8.3 years; male : female ratio 3.8:1). All subjects ...

AIM: To assess the risk factors and the efficacy of medications of patients with gastric and duodenal ulcers among Chinese patients in Taiwan. METHODS: Patients with peptic ulcers, diagnosed by upper endoscopy, were retrospectively collected between January 2008 and December 2008. The differences were compared. RESULTS: Among all 448 cases, ...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: We reviewed recent clinical studies performed in adults, children, and neonates exploring the possible association of gastric acidity inhibitors use with intestinal infections. Possible mechanisms have also been reported. RECENT FINDINGS: Many studies and systematic reviews demonstrate an increased risk of bacterial infection in adults taking acid ...

BACKGROUND: This study investigated if the H. pylori dupA genotype and certain host single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their inhibitors (TIMPs), including MMP-3, MMP-7, MMP-9, TIMP-1 and TIMP-2, might correlate with ulcer risk of H. pylori-infected Taiwanese patients. RESULTS: Of the 549 H. pylori-infected patients enrolled, ...

Late postoperative intra-abdominal infections after laparoscopic gastric banding are extremely rare and may or may not be associated with the device following uncomplicated adjustable gastric banding procedures. The spectrum of pathogens associated with intra-abdominal infections is diverse and depends on the origin of the infection. Streptococci is a significant cause ...

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: As recently as 40 years ago, a decline in the incidence of peptic ulcers was observed. The discovery of Helicobacter pylori had a further major impact on the incidence of ulcer disease. Our aim was to evaluate the trends in the incidence and bleeding complications of ulcer disease in ...

Analysis of rodent models of inflammatory bowel disease, airways hyper-reactivity, diabetes, and multiple sclerosis has shown that infection with helminth parasites can significantly reduce the severity of the disease. Here, we assessed whether rats infected with the tapeworm Hymenolepis diminuta were protected from gastric ulceration induced by the serosal application ...

The inadequacy of information on the treatment of gastric candidiasis with antifungal agents promoted us to evaluate patients with fungal infections who had gastric ulcers and assess the need for proton-pump inhibitors or antifungal agents. Sixteen patients were included in the study. The criterion for the diagnosis of candidiasis was ...

Pylephlebitis or septic thrombophlebitis of the portal vein is a rare entity with a high mortality rate. It is often a complication of intra-abdominal infection most commonly caused by diverticulitis and appendicitis. Diagnosis is often delayed since clinical signs and symptoms are nonspecific. Pylephlebitis should be considered in patients with ...

The first and most important action on encountering a patient with unexplained gastric or duodenal ulceration is to double check that they are truly H. pylori negative and also not taking any ulcerogenic medicines. Once the patient is confirmed to be H. pylori negative and NSAID negative, ensure that biopsies ...

A 22-year-old man presented with a two-year history of colicky upper abdominal and dyspnoea. His absolute eosinophil count (AEC) was 980/mm3. Chest x-ray revealed hilar prominence. An upper gastrointestinal endoscopy showed marked oedema and nodularity of duodenal mucosal folds. Duodenal biopsy disclosed heavy lymphoplasmacytic infiltrates in the lamina propria and ...

A low curability of ulcers infected with Candida has been reported in the literature. The aim of the study reported here was to investigate experimentally whether Candida infection affects the healing of ulcers. Candida albicans (the Candida group) or saline (the control group) was administered intragastrically into rats with a ...

Gastroscopic examinations were performed in 62 Thoroughbred broodmares (33 pregnant, 29 non-pregnant) at one breeding farm to investigate the prevalence of gastric ulceration. Age, pregnancy status, race earnings, last race start, herd size, medical history, number of live foals, breeding years, feed type and number of feedings were recorded, plus ...

Whether it is a requirement to continue with anti-secretory therapy following anti-Helicobacter therapy in H. pylori positive gastric ulcers is an important question. As gastric ulcers tend to heal more slowly than duodenal ulcers, may be asymptomatic or only causing mild symptoms and success at curing H. pylori with current ...

Lymph node cannulation allows the collection of lymph draining from a defined anatomical region. Proteomic analysis of that lymph offers a potentially valuable insight into the immunoinflammatory response of that particular region. In this study, ovine gastric lymph has been used to monitor the proteomic changes occurring in the tissue ...

Gastrointestinal ulcers occur frequently and are mainly caused by H. pylori infection. In this report, we present a rare case of gastro-duodenal ulcer following selective internal radiation therapy (SIRT). SIRT is a palliative treatment for unresectable liver tumours. During SIRT, (90)Y-microspheres are infused into the hepatic artery. Pre-treatment evaluation for ...

Farm ruminants were infected experimentally with four mammalian gastric Cryptosporidium, namely Cryptosporidium andersoni LI03 originated from cattle and three isolates of Cryptosporidium muris from brown rat (isolate RN66), Bactrian camel (isolate CB03) and firstly characterized isolate from East African mole rat (isolate TS03). Sequence characterizations of the small-subunit rRNA gene ...

AIMS: The aim was to compare the use of four different systems of foot ulcer classification in a consecutive population with diabetes presenting to a specialist clinic in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. METHODS: Clinical data were collected prospectively in all patients presenting with foot ulcers between 3 January 2003 and ...

This study was carried out on detection of risk factors for gastric ulcer in the Caspian horses in Iran. Gastric endoscope was performed on 23 Caspian horses to detect of gastric ulcer. Gastric ulcer was observed in 47.8% of horses. In Caspian horses 81.8% of ulcers were in non-glandular region ...

Esomeprazole (Nexium); S-omeprazole) is a single optical isomer proton-pump inhibitor (PPI) approved for the management of reflux oesophagitis, the symptomatic treatment of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD), the prevention and healing of NSAID-associated gastric ulcer disease (and the prevention of NSAID-associated duodenal ulcers in the UK), the treatment of Helicobacter pylori ...

Evidence is reviewed that Helicobacter pylori infection may cause a deficiency of the hormone secretin that allows peptic ulcer disease to develop by impairing the body's defenses to gastric acid. Secretin is released into the circulation from the S-cells of the duodenal crypts in response to gastric acid entering the ...

BACKGROUND: Diabetic extremity ulcers are associated with chronic infections. Such ulcer infections are too often followed by amputation because there is little or no understanding of the ecology of such infections or how to control or eliminate this type of chronic infection. A primary impediment to the healing of chronic ...

Transcription factor Nrf2 regulates the expression of detoxifying and antioxidant genes. Three promoter polymorphisms of this gene have been identified. We attempted to clarify the association of these polymorphisms with the development of peptic ulcer diseases. The study was performed with 384 stocked DNAs obtained from subjects with no evidence ...

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Although H. pyloric eradication therapy is indicated for peptic ulcer patients, the prevalence of H. pylori infection may be different between patients with active or chronic (scarred) peptic ulcers. This study aimed to compare the prevalence of H. pylori infection in active and chronic peptic ulcer patients with or ...

Despite the widely held belief that gastric acid serves as a barrier to bacterial pathogens, there are almost no experimental data to support this hypothesis. We have developed a mouse model to quantify the effectiveness of gastric acid in mediating resistance to infection with ingested bacteria. Mice that were constitutively ...

Candida bezoars of the stomach usually occur after gastric surgery. We report a small Candida mass occurring on a non-healing gastric ulcer in a 40-year-old male non-smoker. The ulcer healed with fluconazole and withdrawal of the proton pump inhibitor.

The co-stimulatory molecule CD80 is a ligand of CD28, which plays a key role in the induction of cell-mediated immune responses. Many tumors, including gastric cancer, decrease the expression of CD80, which results in the failure of immune recognition. We evaluated the effect of interleukin-2 addition combined with CD80 infection ...

Gastric ulcers have been known to develop in critically ill patients secondary to physiological stress since the 19th century. It is only relatively recently that stress ulcer prophylaxis has become an established routine practice in the intensive care unit. Numerous terms have been used to describe stress ulcers, but stress-related ...

Bartonella henselae, the causative agent of cat scratch disease and bacillary angiomatosis, is associated with an expanding spectrum of diseases. Here, we report on a 40-year-old patient suffering from chronic recurrent painful ulcers of the toes, distal axonal sensomotor polyneuropathy and Raynaud's phenomenon. Biopsy of the sural nerve demonstrated an ...

AIMS: The aim of the present study was to follow the time trends of mortality from gastric and duodenal ulcer in countries outside Europe and compare them with previous reports of ulcer mortality from Europe and North America. METHODS: Mortality data from eight different countries were analyzed, including Argentina, Australia, ...

In Thailand, infection with the liver fluke Opisthorchis viverrini is a serious health problem, with over 8.6 million human infections each year. Early stage biliary intrahepatic migration and infection of O. viverrini in the Syrian golden hamster were used to study the growth and development of this fluke. Fifty metacercariae ...

In the present study we investigated the existence of duodenal ulcer activity monthly changes and clarify the roles played by gender, age and <I>Helicobacter pylori</I> We performed a hospital based cross sectional study of 939 patients with an incident duodenal ulcer out of 4339 dyspeptic patients from April 2004 to ...

The aim of this study was to investigate the identity of the Helicobacter heilmannii-like bacteria found in the stomach of a human patient suffering from stomach ulcers and her asymptomatic pet dog. An elderly woman was referred for gastroscopy because of right hypochondrial pain, nausea, anorexia and vomiting. Gastric ulcers ...

A 55-year-old man was hospitalized for treatment of a giant, fluid-filled bulla in the upper lobe of the right lung. The infection was resistant to antibiotics, and the resulting drug-induced liver dysfunction prohibited us from performing emergency lobectomy. Percutaneous drainage of the bulla was done initially, using a 28-Fr chest ...

Two young man patients with refractory post-bulbar duodenal ulcer (post-bulbar ulcer) were encountered. They had a single punched-out ulcer in the absence of an underlying disease. Patient 1 was Helicobacter pylori (Hp)-positive, and did not respond to Hp eradication therapy. The ulcer scarred after the long-term administration of a proton ...

CONTEXT: Strongyloidiasis is a worldwide parasitic infection affecting approximately 75 million people. In Italy, it was more prevalent in the past among rural populations of irrigated areas. OBJECTIVE: To determine the histopathologic alterations of the gastric and duodenal mucosa associated with the presence of Strongyloides stercoralis parasites. DESIGN: Fifteen cases ...

BACKGROUND/AIMS: H. pylori and NSAIDs are the two most important pathogenic factors in gastric ulcer. NSAIDs and H. pylori share common pathogenic characteristics, but have different effects in modulating COX-2 and local cytokines in gastric ulcer mucosa. This study was designed to explore the influence of COX-2 and local cytokine ...