Glycogen storage in the α-glucosidase knockout((6neo/6neo)) mouse recapitulates the biochemical defect that occurs in the human condition; as such, this mouse serves as a model for the inherited metabolic deficiency of lysosomal acid α-glucosidase known as Pompe disease. Although this model has been widely used for the assessment of therapies, ...

Meat extract with acid-soluble glycogen (macroglycogen) from M. longissmus dorsi of carriers and non-carriers of the PRKAG3 mutation (RN- and rn+ genotype) were analyzed by both 1H liquid-state NMR spectroscopy and a biochemical method. The 1H NMR analysis revealed that shorter polymers (dimers, trimers etc.) of α-1,4 linked glucose were ...

Background Modern gas analysis techniques permit real time and on-line quantification of multiple volatile trace gases within a single exhalation. However, the influence of various respiratory manoeuvres affecting exhalation flow and the kinetics of metabolite release to the gas-phase remain largely unknown. Methods We examined variation in the concentrations of ...

The topic of ambient gas analysis has been rapidly developed in the last few years with the evolution of the exciting new techniques such as DESI, DART and EESI. The essential feature of all is that analysis of trace gases can be accomplished either in the gas phase or those ...

With increasing public concerns for agrochemicals and their potential movement in the ecosystem, very sensitive, selective and precise methods for the analysis of pesticides are needed. Because these substances are present usually at trace levels, the extraction and preconcentration steps are so far essential for their detection. Discoveries of novel ...

This work describes the gas-sensitive properties of a one-dimensional organic conductor before and after exposure to carbon monoxide and human breath. A sensitive material, an anion-radical salt of tetracyanoquinodimethane, has been investigated by infrared spectroscopy and electrical resistivity measurements. Drastic spectral and electrical changes are found after gas exposure showing ...

Helicobacter pylori living in the human stomach release volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that can be detected in expired air. The aim of the study was the application of breath analysis for bacteria detection. It was accomplished by determination of VOCs characteristic for patients with H. pylori and the analysis of ...

Previously, we presented automated methods for thoraco-abdominal asynchrony estimation and movement artifact detection in respiratory inductance plethysmography (RIP) signals. This paper combines and improves these methods to give a method for the automated, off-line detection of pause, movement artifact and asynchrony. Simulation studies demonstrated the new combined method is accurate ...

The molecular profiles of perchloric acid solutions extracted from the flesh of Sparus aurata fish specimens, produced according to different aquaculture systems, have been investigated. The (1)H-NMR spectra of aqueous extracts are indicative of differences in the metabolite content of fish reared under different conditions that are already distinguishable at ...

Exhaled breath condensate (EBC) analysis is a non-invasive method to repeatedly evaluate airway inflammation. Dissolved carbon dioxide contributes to lowering EBC pH which is reversed by degassing with argon. Hypothetically, argon may also improve biomarker stability by removing reactive gases, since many markers are pH sensitive or easily oxidized. In ...

Dynamic three-phase hollow fiber liquid-liquid-liquid microextraction (HF-LLLME) based on two immiscible organic solvents, with automated movement of organic acceptor phase to facilitate mass transfer was introduced for the first time. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were used as model compounds and extracted from water and soil samples. The extraction involved filling an ...

Within the field of toxicology exhaled breath is used as specimen only for determination of alcohol. However, it was recently discovered that when using sensitive liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) technique, amphetamine, methamphetamine, and methadone are detectable in exhaled breath following intake by drug addicts. We therefore undertook to develop a ...

Breath gas analysis is a promising technology for medical applications. By identifying disease-specific biomarkers in the breath of patients, a non-invasive and easy method for early diagnosis or therapy monitoring can be developed. In order to achieve this goal, one essential prerequisite is the reproducibility of the method applied, i.e. ...

The risk of severe decompression sickness (DCS) increases rapidly above 6248 m (20,500 ft) and is greater when breathing higher proportions of inert gas. Contemporary aircrew may be exposed to higher cabin altitudes while breathing molecular sieve oxygen concentrator (MSOC) product gas containing variable concentrations of oxygen, nitrogen, and argon. ...

This study describes a practical and suitable approach to solve a real problem: the analysis of polyherbal products for which some specifications addressing the composition are lacking (e.g. chemical components). It is reported that an analytical procedure to verify the possible presence in a botanical supplement of a plant is ...

Breath analysis constitutes a promising tool in clinical and analytical fields due to its high potential for non-invasive diagnostics of metabolic disorders and monitoring of disease status. An optical fiber (OF) sensor has been developed for determination of volatile organic compounds (ethane, pentane, heptane, octane, decane, benzene, toluene and styrene) ...

Cysteinyl leukotrienes (CysLTs) can be measured in exhaled breath condensate (EBC); however, there is considerable variation in reported EBC CysLT concentrations from asthmatic and healthy subjects between published studies, which may be partially explained by CysLT degradation during processing and storage. We assessed CysLT stability over 6 months in EBC ...

The phenomenon of liquid film retraction, occurring in bursting bubbles, is investigated in the simplest case of a semi-infinite sheet of inviscid liquid. Discretized equations of motion are solved on a staggered grid, with the boundary condition adapted to handle movement and breakup of liquid domain. Two independent approaches show ...

A simple, selective and precise thin-layer chromatographic method has been developed for the analysis of eight cephalosporin antibiotics, namely cephadroxil, cephalexin, cefixime, cefaclor, cefpodoxime proxetil, cefuroxime axetil, cefotaxime sodium and ceftriaxone sodium. The hR(F) values of these cephalosporins were investigated on silica gel G-zinc ferrocyanide layers. Mixing of zinc ferrocyanide ...

A new high-performance thin-layer chromatographic (HPTLC) method has been developed for the simultaneous quantitation of three bioactive steroidal glycoalkaloid (SGA) markers, solasonine (SN), solamargine (SM) and khasianine (KN) in the plant Solanum xanthocarpum. Extraction efficiency of targeted SGAs from plant matrix using methanol and acidified methanol were studied using percolation, ...

The micropatterned poly(vinyl cinnamate) (PVCi) alignment layers are fabricated by a solvent-assisted micromolding method. Without UV irradiation, the alignment layer can induce the unidirectional liquid crystal (LC) orientation, which is influenced by topography-based anchoring energies. With photodimerization of PVCi by UV irradiation, we could modulate the anchoring energies caused by ...

A high-performance thin-layer chromatographic method was developed for the determination of ketoconazole. The sample was separated on a silica gel 60 F254 plate and developed in ethanol-acetone-1.0 mol l-1 H2SO4 by means of an automatic multiple-development system. The area of the spot was quantified by a TLC scanner at a ...

An n-hexane extract of fresh, mature leaves of Cestrum nocturnum (Solanales: Solanaceae) containing thin layer epicuticular waxes was analysed by thin-layer chromatography, infrared and gas liquid chromatography using standard hydrocarbons. Seventeen long chain alkanes (n-C(18) to n-C(34)) were identified and quantified. Hentriacontane (n-C(31)) was established as the major n-alkane, while ...

Thin-layer chromatographic method, with postchromatographic derivatization, was applied for the purposes of the quality control of pharmaceutical preparations, containing S. officinalis L. extract. Six finished products underwent the analysis: capsules, tablets, two ointments, tincture and finished product being a mixture of ethanolic S. officinalis and Thymi vulgaris extracts. Chromatographic and ...

Introduction - Asparagus officinalis L. has several biological activities including antifungal, antiviral and antitumoral activities due to the steroidal saponins. Normally diosgenin and sarsasapogenin are analysed separately by thin-layer chromatography or high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC-UV or HPLC-ELSD), which is time-consuming and expensive, so we need to find a rapid solution ...

A simple method of fabricating pristine few-layer and single-layer graphene which could be used for production on a gram scale is described.

The effect of onion and garlic on the formation of two cholesterol oxidation products (COPs): 7-ketocholesterol and 7-hydroxycholesterol was evaluated by comparing their concentrations in meat and gravy samples obtained from three pork dishes prepared in the presence and absence of these flavourings. The concentration of these compounds in meat ...

A simple, fast, specific, and precise high-performance thin layer chromatography method has been developed for the estimation of monosodium l-glutamate (MSG) in food products. Aluminum plates precoated with silica gel 60 GF(254)were used as stationary phase and a mixture of methanol-chloroform-formic acid in the ratio 5:5:1 (v/v) as mobile phase. ...

This paper reports the implementation and integration of a self-assembled nanoporous anodic aluminum oxide (np-AAO) film and liquid crystal (LC) on an ITO-glass substrate for liquid crystal display (LCD) panel applications. An np-AAO layer with a nanopore array acts as the vertical alignment layer to easily and uniformly align the ...

A new rapid method which allows simultaneous one step detection of two analytes of different nature (2,4,6,-trichlorophenol (TCP) and ochratoxin A (OTA)) in red wine was developed. It was based on a column test with three separate immunolayers: two test layers and one control layer. Each layer consisted of sepharose ...

When a very thin, hard layer supported by a soft substrate is laterally compressed beyond a critical strain, then buckling of the hard layer occurs, leading to the formation of small sinusoidal surface undulations (microwrinkles). The orientation of the wrinkle grooves can be reversibly altered by simply adding a strain ...

Conditions for separation and determination of diastereoisomers of cefuroxime axetil by HPTLC on cellulose layers with densitometry were developed. A good separation of the constituents was achieved using a mobile phase composed of 1% aqueous beta-cyclodextrin-methanol (15 + 1, v/v). For detecting spots on the chromatograms, densitometric measurements were used ...

Eucalyptol (1,8-cineole) is a common active agent in non-prescription pharmaceutical products that is employed to clear the airways during mucus blockages. Following ingestion of a eucalyptol-containing capsule, the capsule dissolves in the gut and transfers eucalyptol into the blood, which is subsequently expelled via the lungs, thus exposing this decongesting ...

High-performance thin-layer chromatography is a separation technique commonly used to identify and quantify components in chemical mixtures. Sophisticated analytical tools are required to extract the full analytical power from this technique and especially for miniaturized planar chromatography its utility has not been harnessed. A new approach uses an elegant, simplified ...

A series of superlipophilic or highly lipophilic semisynthetic betulin derivatives was prepared and their relative lipophilicity was measured by reversed-phase thin-layer chromatography (RP-TLC) at different pH values using 1,4-dioxane-acetate buffer mixtures as mobile phases. Cholesterol, 17beta-estradiol and pure betulin were used as the reference compounds. Linear relationships were found between ...

Conditions have been elaborated for the identification of all the compounds belonging to the group of angiotensin convertase inhibitors: lisinopril, quinapril, ramipril, spirapril, moexipril, trandolapril, benazepril, cilazapril, fosinopril, captopril, enalapril, imidapril and zofenopril by thin-layer chromatography. The selected conditions were used to design the densitometric method for the content determination ...

Volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs), specifically hydrogen sulfide, methyl mercaptan and dimethyl sulfide, are generally considered to be the primary volatiles responsible for 'morning' malodors in breath. To date, the 'gold standard' for detecting VSC concentrations in breath is the use of gas chromatography coupled with sulfur chemiluminescence detection. Breath gas ...

The aim of this study was to examine the parasite remains present in rodent coprolites collected from the archaeological site Alero Destacamento Guardaparque (ADG) located in the Perito Moreno National Park (Santa Cruz Province, 47 degrees 57'S 72 degrees 05'W). Forty-eight coprolites were obtained from the layers 7, 6 and ...

The purpose of this work was to present a chromatographic methods to analyse synthetic food dyes. The following techniques has been described: thin-layer liquid chromatography (TLC), high performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC), traditional column chromatography, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), include: ion-pair chromatography (HPLC IP), reversed phase chromatography (RP HPLC) and ...

Electrical carrier separation from a photoexcited photochromic molecule could be a promising method for controlling the photosensitivity of such a molecule. We report an efficient carrier separation from a photochromic diarylethene (DAE) molecule by adopting a device structure with a heterojunction consisting of an n-type diarylethene layer and a p-type ...

The newest achievements in the employment of principal component analysis, a multivariate mathematical statistical method, in the evaluation of chromatographic retention data are compiled. The results obtained by various chromatographic technologies such as gas-liquid chromatography, thin-layer chromatography, high-performance liquid chromatography and electrically driven systems are compiled and briefly discussed.

The fetal membrane (FM) layers, amnion and choriodecidua, are frequently noted to have varying degrees of separation following delivery. FM layers normally separate prior to rupture during in vitro biomechanical testing. We hypothesized that the adherence between amnion and choriodecidua decreases prior to delivery resulting in separation of the FM ...

Thin layer chromatography is the easiest way to analyze the total glycosphingolipid mixtures extracted, and, in some cases, partially purified from tissues and cultured cells. Several solvent systems have been introduced to separate the complex mixtures as a function of their composition, presence of contaminants and, in some cases, of ...

3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) is the major ingredient of ecstasy illicit pills. It is a hallucinogen, central nervous system stimulant, and serotonergic neurotoxin that strongly releases serotonin from serotonergic nerves terminals. Moreover, it releases norepinephrine and dopamine from nerves terminal, but to a lesser extent than serotonin. Poisoning and even death from ...

This paper describes a facile solvothermal method to synthesize self-assembled three-dimensional (3D) Ni2+-Fe3+ layered double hydroxides (LDHs). Flower-like Ni2+-Fe3+ LDHs constructed of thin nanopetals were obtained using ethylene glycol (EG) as a chelating reagent and urea as a hydrolysis agent. The reaction mechanism and self-assembly process are discussed. After calcinating ...

Since 1987, the Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum has been regularly affected by the brown ring disease (BRD), an epizootic caused by the bacterium Vibrio tapetis. This disease is characterized by the development of a brown deposit on the inner face of valves. While most of the clams die from the ...

Raman signatures of the carotenoid component are studied in individual pollen grains from different species of trees. The information is obtained as differences in the strong pre-resonant Raman spectra measured before and after photodepletion of the carotenoid molecules. The results provide the first in situ evidence of interspecies differences in ...

Post-column identification of target compounds in complex samples is one of the major tasks in drug screening and discovery. In this work, we demonstrated that double layer porous silicon (PSi) attached with affinity ligand could serve as a sensing element for post-column detection of target molecule by Fourier transformed reflectometric ...

A feasibility study using an ion mobility spectrometer coupled with a multi-capillary column (MCC) was started to identify characteristic peaks of volatile compounds in exhaled human breath samples of 10 ml volume. The breath of 20 patients with sarcoidosis and suspicion of sarcoidosis because of mediastinal lymph node enlargement was ...

This paper describes a capillary gas chromatographic method with flame ionization detection for the identification/quantification of ethylene glycol (EG) and diethylene glycol (DEG) in glycerin. The validation study shows that the proposed method is specific, sensitive, precise, and accurate. The linear range of the method was 0.013-0.031mg/mL for EG and ...