Gold versus Platinum Irrigated Tip Ablation Catheters. Introduction: In order to optimize power delivery into the myocardium during radiofrequency ablation (RFA) without overheating the electrode tip, active cooling of the tip electrode as well as electrode tips made of gold have evolved. Recently, an externally irrigated gold tip electrode ablation ...

Background:Local external cooling of the surgical field after joint surgery is intended to enhance recovery and to facilitate the use of outpatient surgery by reducing pain and improving mobility. We hypothesized that the effects of postoperative cooling and compression after knee arthroscopy would be reflected in changes in the concentrations ...

The pharmaceutical potential of natural analgesic peptides is mainly hampered by their inability to cross the blood-brain barrier, BBB. Increasing peptide-cell membrane affinity through drug design is a promising strategy to overcome this limitation. To address this challenge, we grafted ibuprofen, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, to kyotorphin (L-Tyr-L-Arg, KTP), an ...

Playing the piano is a repetitive task that involves the use of the hands and the arms. Pain related to piano-playing can result in extending the tissues and ligaments of the hands and arms beyond their mechanical tolerance. Infrared imaging records the skin temperature and produces a thermal map of ...

This report presents evidence that ibuprofen interacts with red cell membranes as follows: a) in scanning electron microscopy (SEM) studies on human erythrocytes induced shape changes at a concentration as low as 10μM; b) in isolated unsealed human erythrocyte membranes (IUM) induced mild increase in the water content or in ...

We investigated whether tramadol or its active metabolite, O-desmethyltramadol, are substrates of the organic cation transporter OCT1 and whether polymorphisms in OCT1 affect tramadol and O-desmethyltramadol pharmacokinetics. Tramadol showed high permeability through parallel artificial membrane permeability assays (PAMPAs). Tramadol uptake in HEK293 cells did not change after OCT1 overexpression, and ...

The removal of larger uremic toxins by conventional dialysis membranes is restricted by their molecular weight cut-offs. The recent availability of a new generation of hemodialysis membranes with molecular weight cut-offs closer to that of the native kidney (65 kDa) has led to work assessing their potential utility across several ...

The specifically targeted antimicrobial peptide (STAMP) C16G2 was developed to target the cariogenic oral pathogen Streptococcus mutans. Because the design of this peptide was novel, we sought to better understand the mechanism through which it functioned. Compared to antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) with wide spectra of activity, the STAMP C16G2 has ...

Organic-solvent-tolerant bacteria are considered extremophiles with different tolerance levels that change among species and strains, but also depend on the inherent toxicity of the solvent. Extensive studies to understand the mechanisms of organic solvent tolerance have been done in Gram-negative bacteria. On the contrary, the information on the solvent tolerance ...

Abstract The antimicrobial property of stabilized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) with phospholipid membrane was investigated on both Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) and Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) bacterial strains. The influence of phospholipid concentrations on antibacterial kinetics actions of AgNPs was studied with two different methodologies in order to understand the bactericidal and bacteriostatic ...

The structural basis for the gram selectivity of two disulfide-bonded β-hairpin antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) is investigated using solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The hexa-arginine PG-1 exhibits potent activities against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, while a mutant of PG-1 with only three cationic residues maintains gram-positive activity but is ...

The gram-negative myxobacterium Sorangium cellulosum So ce56 bears the largest bacterial genome published so far, coding for nearly 10,000 genes. Careful analysis of this genome data revealed that part of the genes coding for the very well conserved biosynthesis of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are missing in this microbe. Biochemical analysis gave ...

Aminoglycosides are among the most potent antimicrobials to eradicate P. aeruginosa. However, the emergence of resistance has clearly led to a shortage of treatment options, especially for critically ill patients. In the search for new antibiotics, we have synthesized derivatives of the small aminoglycoside, neamine. The amphiphilic aminoglycoside 3',4',6-tri-2-naphtylmethylene neamine ...

The cell surfaces of Gram-negative bacteria are composed of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). This glycolipid is found exclusively in the outer leaflet of the asymmetric outer membrane (OM), where it forms a barrier to the entry of toxic hydrophobic molecules into the cell. LPS typically contains six fatty acyl chains and up ...

Radon adsorption by activated charcoal collectors such as PicoRad radon detectors is known to be largely affected by temperature and relative humidity. Quantitative models are, however, still needed for accurate radon estimation in a variable environment. Here we introduce a temperature calibration formula based on the gas adsorption theory to ...

To better understand biofouling of seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) membranes, bacterial diversity was characterized in the intake water, in subsequently pretreated water and on SWRO membranes from a full-scale desalination plant (FSDP) during a 9 month period. 16S rRNA gene fingerprinting and sequencing revealed that bacterial communities in the water ...

For the development of temperature-responsive adsorption materials for pharmaceutical protein purification, poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-N,N-dimethylaminopropylacrylamide-co-N-tert-butylacrylamide) (P(IPAAm-co-DMAPAAm-co-tBAAm) brush grafted silica beads were prepared through a surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). The prepared silica beads as a chromatographic stationary phase were evaluated by observing their thermo-responsive elution profiles of plasma proteins including human serum ...

In the present study, the sorption behavior of cesium was investigated in Ain Oussera soil around the Es-Salam reactor facility. This study was conducted using batch method under different physicochemical conditions including contact time, ionic strength, pH, solid/liquid ratio and temperature. The results showed that sorption followed pseudo-second-order kinetics with ...

Outer membrane channels in gram-negative bacteria are implicated in the influx of the latest generation of cephalosporins. We have measured the interaction strengths of ceftriaxone, cefpirome and ceftazidime in the two most abundant outer membrane porins of Escherichia coli, OmpF and OmpC, by both ion current fluctuations through single protein ...

We aerosolized the Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (S. epidermidis) bacteria and collected them on membrane filters. Then we generated air ions by applying a high voltage to a carbon fiber tip and applied them to the contaminated filters. The antibacterial efficiency was not significantly affected by the ...

Many antimicrobial agents that target bacteria are cationic and can interact with the anionic lipid components that are exposed on the bacterial membrane. Bacteria vary widely in the nature of the major lipid components that are in the cell membrane. Those bacteria with both anionic as well as zwitterionic or ...

Many antimicrobial agents that target bacteria are cationic and can interact with the anionic lipid components that are exposed on the bacterial membrane. Bacteria vary widely in the nature of the major lipid components that are in the cell membrane. Those bacteria with both anionic as well as zwitterionic or ...

The multiple transferable resistance (MTR) pump, from Neisseria gonorrhoeae, is typical of the specialized machinery used to translocate drugs across the inner and outer membranes of Gram-negative bacteria. It consists of a tripartite complex composed of an inner-membrane transporter, MtrD, a periplasmic membrane fusion protein, MtrC, and an outer-membrane channel, ...

Staphylococcus aureus, which is a leading cause of hospital-acquired infections, binds via fibronectin to integrin α5β1, a process that can promote host colonization in vivo. Integrin engagement induces actin cytoskeleton rearrangements that result in the uptake of S. aureus by non-professional phagocytic cells. Interestingly, we found that fibronectin-binding S. aureus ...

The preparation of affinity membranes for application in antibody purification studies is described here. Protein-A-attached poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate-N-methacryloyl-L-alanine) (PHEMAAL) membranes were produced by a photopolymerization technique and then characterized by swelling tests, surface area measurements, contact angle and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) studies. The water swelling ratio of the PHEMAAL membrane ...

Antibacterial effects of the electromagnetic irradiation (EMI) of 51.8 and 53 GHz frequencies with low intensity (the flux capacity of 0.06 mW/cm(2)) and non-thermal action were investigated upon direct irradiation of E. coli K12. Significant decrease in bacterial growth rate and in the number of viable cells, marked change in H(+) and ...

The adsorption of individual [11]anthrahelicene molecules and their self-assembly into monolayer islands on an InSb(001) c(8×2) reconstructed surface is studied with low-temperature scanning probe microscopy. A racemic mixture is deposited on atomically flat terraces of InSb at room temperature. At lower coverage, the molecules tend to decorate atomic step edges ...

Burkholderia pseudomallei (Bps) is a Gram-negative bacterium that causes melioidosis, an infectious disease of animals and humans common in northern and north-eastern parts of Thailand. Successful treatment of melioidosis is difficult due to intrinsic resistance of Bps to various antibacterial agents. It has been suggested that the antimicrobial resistance of ...

In aqueous environment temperature is considered to play a significant role in the sorption process of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and its influence on the sorption equilibrium is indicative of sorption energies and mechanisms. In this study, sorptions of five PAHs on three heterogeneous sorbents including one river sediment (YHR), ...

Gold based model systems exhibiting the structural versatility of nanoparticle ensembles and being accessible for surface spectroscopic investigations are expected to provide new information about the adsorption of carbon monoxide, a key process influencing the CO oxidation activity of this noble metal in nanoparticulate form. Accordingly, in the present work ...

We analyze with the aid of density functional theory and molecular dynamics simulations the adsorption of sulfur (S) on a Au(111) surface at different temperatures with a variety of geometries. We have found a new superficial phase in which sulfur atoms form a quasi-linear chain with energies very close to ...

A new biosorbent -Sargassum sp. encapsulated with epichlorohydrin (ECH) cross-linked chitosan (CS) was investigated for nickel ions removal. The prepared biosorbent with Sargassum sp. to cross-linked chitosan of 3 (weight ratio) had the highest sorption capacity. The biosorption kinetics can be well fitted by the diffusion-controlled model. The organic leaching ...

Rice straw charcoal, soot and fly ash (collectively termed "black carbon" or BC), which were found to widely exist in the environment and exhibit strong sorption of many organic compounds, were prepared for this study, and recorded as RC, SC, and FC, respectively. The characterization, sorption isotherm, and the effect ...

Adsorption capacity of Cr(VI) onto chitosan coated with poly 3-methyl thiophene synthesized chemically was investigated in a batch system by considering the effects of various parameters like contact time, initial concentration, pH and temperature. Cr(VI) removal is pH dependent and found to be maximum at pH 2.0. Increases in adsorption ...

Sorption and desorption isotherms of phenanthrene (PHE) on sediment organic matter (SOM) prepared at different combustion temperature were studied to examine the impact of SOM structure on sorption and desorption. With the increase of combustion temperature from 0 to 400°C, the aromatic groups (-CC) in SOM samples increased, while the ...

The present study reports the feasibility of using Rhodotorula glutinis biomass as an alternative low-cost biosorbent to remove Ni(II) ions from aqueous solutions. Acetone-pretreated R. glutinis cells showed higher Ni(II) biosorption capacity than untreated cells at pH values ranging from 3 to 7.5, with an optimum pH of 7.5. The ...

The sorption of U(VI) on octadecyltrimethyl-bentonite was investigated at the pH values of the aqueous phase ranging from 3 to 10 and the concentrations of U(VI): 0.1-1 mmol/dm(3). The concentrations of alkylammonium cation in bentonite were increased from 21% to 150% of CEC (cation exchange capacity). It was determined that ...

The CO(2) capture capacities for typical flue gas capture and regeneration conditions of two tertiary amidine N-methyltetrahydropyrimidine (MTHP) derivatives supported on activated carbon were determined through temperature-controlled packed-bed reactor experiments. Adsorption-desorption experiments were conducted at initial adsorption temperatures ranging from 29 degrees C to 50 degrees C with temperature-programmed regeneration ...

Technology for immobilization of biomass has attracted a great interest due to the high sorption capacity of biomass for sequestration of toxic metals from industrial effluents. However, the currently practiced immobilization methods normally reduce the metal sorption capacities. In this study, an innovative ion-imprint technology was developed to overcome the ...

Reactions between saponified pineapple peel fiber (SPPF) and succinic anhydride were performed in refluxed pyridine and dimethyl sulfoxide to obtain modified pineapple peel fiber in pyridine (MPPF-PY) and modified pineapple peel fiber in dimethyl sulfoxide at room temperature (MPPF-DMRT) and at 70 degrees C (MPPF-DM70) as novel metal ionic adsorbents. ...

In this research, a continuous multistage ion foam fractionation column with bubble-cap trays was employed to remove cadmium ions from simulated wastewater having cadmium ions at a low level (10 mg/L). In this study, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) was used to generate the foam. An increase in feed SDS/Cd molar ...

In this study, a local bentonite from Lin'an county (Zhejiang province, China) was converted to Na-purified form and the Na-bentonite sample was characterized by using FTIR and XRD to determine its chemical constituents and micro-structure. The removal of lead from wastewaters by Na-bentonite was studied as a function of various ...

In the present study, the effects of temperature and pH on ammonium biosorption onto Posidonia oceanica fibers were investigated. The results showed that the ammonium biosorption onto these fibers occurred for a wide pH range and the adsorption capacity of these fibers increased with increasing temperature. The modeling studies showed ...

This work focused on kinetic, equilibrium and thermodynamic studies on aluminum biosorption by Streptomyces rimosus biomass. Infrared spectroscopy analysis shows that S. rimosus present some groups: hydroxyl, methyl, carboxyl, amine, thiol and phosphate. The maximum biosorption capacity of S. rimosus biomass was found to be 11.76 mg g(-1) for the ...

A general mathematical model of a flow-through optical chemical sensor prepared by the immobilization of 1-(2'-pyridylazo)-2-naphthol (PAN) into a commercial Nafion membrane was developed. The model takes into account the preparation of the optode membrane and in our opinion the most important chemical and physical processes involved in the generation ...

Polyethylene glycol (PEG)-CuY zeolite hybrid membranes were prepared for sulfur removal from gasoline feed. The sorption and diffusion behavior of typical gasoline components through the hybrid membranes has been investigated by systematic studies of dynamic sorption curves. Influencing factors including feed temperature, permeate pressure, and zeolite content in the membranes ...

To study the release of cupric ions and indomethacin from copper-bearing intrauterine devices (Cu-IUDs) and to assess the influence of their surface area of copper and the pH of the test medium on the release of cupric ions. Cu-IUDs were incubated in simulated uterine fluid (SUF). The in vitro release ...

In this work, we highlight several unusual characteristics of adsorption and diffusion of a variety of guest molecules, such as linear and branched alkanes with a number of C atoms in the 1-6 range, CO(2), and Ar in microporous structures such as zeolites (FAU, NaY) and metal organic frameworks (IRMOF-1, ...

In this paper, the physical meaning of the Sieverts-type driving force exponent n is analyzed for hydrogen permeation through Pd-based membranes by considering a complex model involving several elementary permeation steps (adsorption on the membrane surface on the feed side, desorption from the surface on the permeate side, diffusion through ...

Adsorption of HCN and DCN was studied at 150-600 K on TiO(2), ZnO, MgO and a set of X zeolites by means of FTIR spectroscopy. At the lowest temperatures adsorption is non-dissociative and occurs on surface OH groups of oxides, cations and coordinately unsaturated oxygen atoms. Bands at 2243-2147 cm(-1) ...