[This corrects the article on p. 167 in vol. 91, PMID: 23476089.].

In light of advancements in imaging techniques and basic science studies, this study proposes modifications in the existing Castellvi's classification for better clinical and biomechanical correlation of LSTV subtypes. LSTVs are commonly occurring variations of the lower spine. The current system does not include functionally important structural variations of the ...

The interdisciplinary model for the management of vascular anomalies relies essentially on effective collaboration and communication between various medical disciplines. In this paper, we discuss the various facets of an organized institutional collaborative model for managing these patients. The case for interdisciplinary collaboration, use of proper terminology, the vascular anomalies ...

Professor Barabási's talk described how the tools of network science can help understand the Web's structure, development and weaknesses. The Web is an information network, in which the nodes are documents (at the time of writing over one trillion of them), connected by links. Other well-known network structures include the ...

[This corrects the article on p. 536 in vol. 53, PMID: 22949997.].

[This corrects the article on p. 535 in vol. 17.][This corrects the article on p. 537 in vol. 17.].

Animal models are of great importance for medical research. They have enabled analysis of the aetiology and pathogenesis of complex congenital malformations and have also led to major advances in the surgical and therapeutic management of these conditions. Animal models allow us to comprehend the morphological and molecular basis of ...

Global Land Data Assimilation System (GLDAS) data are widely used for land-surface flux simulations. Therefore, the simulation accuracy using GLDAS dataset is largely contingent upon the accuracy of the GLDAS dataset. It is found that GLDAS land-surface model simulated runoff exhibits strong anomalies for 1996. These anomalies are investigated by ...

[This corrects the article on p. e48438 in vol. 7.].

[This corrects the article on p. e34967 in vol. 7.].

ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS FOR MONITORING STRATEGIES ARE EXPECTED TO COMBINE THREE MAJOR CHARACTERISTICS: ecological significance, statistical credibility, and cost-effectiveness. Strategies based on stranding networks rank highly in cost-effectiveness, but their ecological significance and statistical credibility are disputed. Our present goal is to improve the value of stranding data as population indicator ...

[This corrects the article on p. 469 in vol. 35, PMID: 22467984.].

[This corrects the article on p. e51126 in vol. 7.].

Abstract A new species of fish leech from Poland, Piscicola burresoni n. sp. (Piscicolidae), is described. It was found in 2007 on stones and on pike (Esox lucius L.) and chub (Leuciscus cephalus L.) in the Łyna River, Poland. The leech is small, relatively flattened, with a prominent coarctation between ...

[This corrects the article on p. 463 in vol. 8, PMID: 23028231.].

In this work, we address the problem of using dynamic causal modelling (DCM) to estimate the coupling parameters (effective connectivity) of large models with many regions. This is a potentially important problem because meaningful graph theoretic analyses of effective connectivity rest upon the statistics of the connections (edges). This calls ...

The earliest history of the Moon is poorly preserved in the surface geologic record because of the high flux of impactors, but aspects of that history may be preserved in subsurface structures. Application of gravity gradiometry to observations by the Gravity Recovery and Interior Laboratory (GRAIL) mission results in the ...

[This corrects the article on p. 607 in vol. 5, PMID: 23028401.].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1275242.].

Mourasuchus is a Miocene alligatorid endemic to South America, and is represented by four species. Together with the closely related Purussaurus, it is a peculiar crocodylian taxon of neogene Caimaninae and one of the most bizarre forms among eusuchian crocodiles. The phylogenetic relationships between Mourasuchus species have not been explored, ...

Single ventricle hearts are congenital cardiovascular defects in which the heart has only one functional pumping chamber. The treatment for these conditions typically requires a three-staged operative process where Stage 1 is typically achieved by a shunt between the systemic and pulmonary arteries, and Stage 2 by connecting the superior ...

Two typing errors in our manuscript are reported and corrected.

Properties of data are frequently seen to vary depending on the sampled situations, which usually change along a time evolution or owing to environmental effects. One way to analyze such data is to find invariances, or representative features kept constant over changes. The aim of this paper is to identify ...

Purpose: To determine the accuracy of sonographic weight estimation (WE) for fetuses with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH), and to assess whether certain sonographic models perform better than others in cases of CDH.Material and Methods: In a retrospective, multicenter cohort study, the accuracy of WE in fetuses with CDH (n = 172) was ...

[This corrects the article on p. 558 in vol. 16, PMID: 22837916.].

[This corrects the article on p. 126-134 in vol. 46.].

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to create a novel animal model to foster the future development of interventional techniques for a cavocaval connection that mimics a Fontan completion. METHODS: Ten sheep were studied. All had the superior vena cava-right atrium junction closed using a polytetrafluoroethylene membrane. A valveless ...

Present measurements of b→cτν and b→uτν transitions differ from the standard model predictions of lepton flavor universality by almost 4σ. We examine new physics interpretations of this anomaly. An effective field theory analysis shows that minimal flavor violating models are not preferred as an explanation, but are also not yet ...

We introduce a Bayesian spatial-temporal hierarchical multivariate probit regression model that identifies weeks during the first trimester of pregnancy which are impactful in terms of cardiac congenital anomaly development. The model is able to consider multiple pollutants and a multivariate cardiac anomaly grouping outcome jointly while allowing the critical windows ...

[This corrects the article on p. 174 in vol. 76.].

Antifreeze proteins (AFPs) bind to ice crystal surfaces and thus inhibit the ice growth. The mechanism for how AFPs suppress freezing is commonly modeled as an adsorption-inhibition process by the Gibbs-Thomson effect. Here we develop an improved adsorption-inhibition model for AFP action based on the thermodynamics of impurity adsorption on ...

Biomedical ontologies usually encode knowledge that applies always or at least most of the time, that is in normal circumstances. But for some applications like phenotype ontologies it is becoming increasingly important to represent information about aberrations from a norm. These aberrations may be modifications of physiological structures, but also ...

The idea behind the marine cloud-brightening (MCB) geoengineering technique is that seeding marine stratocumulus clouds with copious quantities of roughly monodisperse sub-micrometre sea water particles might significantly enhance the cloud droplet number concentration, and thereby the cloud albedo and possibly longevity. This would produce a cooling, which general circulation model ...

MOTIVATION: Automated annotation of neuroanatomical connectivity statements from the neuroscience literature would enable accessible and large scale connectivity resources. Unfortunately, the connectivity findings are not formally encoded and occur as natural language text. This hinders aggregation, indexing, searching, and integration of the reports. We annotated a set of 1,377 abstracts ...

Cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) experiments yield low-resolution (3-30 Å) 3D-density maps of macromolecules. These density maps are segmented to identify structurally distinct proteins, protein domains, and subunits. Such partitioning aids the inference of protein motions and guides fitting of high-resolution atomistic structures. Cryo-EM density map segmentation has traditionally required tedious and ...

Single-particle cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) has become an important tool to determine the structure of large biomolecules and assemblies thereof. However, the achievable resolution varies considerably over a wide range of about 3.5-20 Å. The interpretation of these intermediate- to low-resolution density maps in terms of atomic models is a big ...

The complex interplay of proteins and other molecules, often in the form of large transitory assemblies, are critical to cellular function. Today, X-ray crystallography and electron cryo-microscopy (cryo-EM) are routinely used to image these macromolecular complexes, though often at limited resolutions. Despite the rapidly growing number of macromolecular structures, few ...

With the availability of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) marker chips, such as the Illumina BovineSNP50 BeadChip (50K), genomic evaluation has been routinely implemented in dairy cattle breeding. However, for an average dairy producer, total costs associated with the 50K chip are still too high to have all the cows genotyped ...

The developments in lithographic tools for the production of an integrated circuit (IC) are ruled by 'Moore's Law': the density of components on an IC doubles in about every two years. The corresponding size reduction of the smallest detail in an IC entails several technological breakthroughs. The wafer scanner, the ...

Correlation-based functional MRI connectivity methods typically impose a temporal sample independence assumption on the data. However, the conventional use of temporal filtering to address the high noise content of fMRI data may introduce sample dependence. Violation of the independence assumption has ramifications for the distribution of sample correlation which, if ...

Quality control of long-term monitoring data of thousands and millions of individual records as present in meteorological data is cumbersome. In such data series, sensor drifts, stalled values, and scale shifts may occur and potentially result in flawed conclusions if not noticed and handled properly. However, there is no established ...

Ozone is a highly unpredictable pollutant which severely affects living conditions in urban and surrounding areas in the Mediterranean basin. This secondary pollutant periodically reaches extremely high concentrations, damaging human health. Multiple linear regression has been widely used in previous works due to the fact that it is a simple ...

Usually based on molecular mechanics force fields, the post-optimization of ligand poses is typically the most time-consuming step in protein-ligand docking procedures. In return, it bears the potential to overcome the limitations of discretized conformation models. Because of the parallel nature of the problem, recent graphics processing units (GPUs) can ...

Wear of the polyethylene tibial component is a major factor in the success of total knee replacements. However, sampling resolution and the challenges of estimating original surfaces with relatively complex articulating geometries have limited the accuracy of volumetric measurements of wear on surgically retrieved inserts. A mathematical model analyzed volume ...

This study proposes an adaptive control architecture based on an accurate regression method called Locally Weighted Projection Regression (LWPR) and on a bio-inspired module, such as a cerebellar-like engine. This hybrid architecture takes full advantage of the machine learning module (LWPR kernel) to abstract an optimized representation of the sensorimotor ...

Trastuzumab treatment is associated with occurrence of cardiac toxicity, for which monitoring of the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) is indicated. The performance of the currently used monitoring protocol as defined in the summary of product characteristics (SPC) is however unknown. The objective of this analysis was to develop a ...

Abstract This study investigates the accuracy of the tracking system LPM (Local Position Measurement). The goal was to determine detailed error values of the system in the context of sports performance analyses. Six moderately trained male soccer players (amateur level) performed 276 runs on three different courses at six different ...

SUMMARY: Snakemake is a workflow engine that provides a readable Python-based workflow definition language and a powerful execution environment that scales from single core workstations to compute clusters without modifying the workflow. It is the first system to support the use of automatically inferred multiple named wildcards (or variables) in ...

Biological networks are currently being studied with approaches derived from the mathematical and physical sciences. Their structural analysis enables to highlight nodes with special properties that have sometimes been correlated with the biological importance of a gene or a protein. However, biological networks are dynamic both on the evolutionary time-scale, ...

An algorithm to determine the quality of electrocardiograms (ECGs) can enable inexperienced nurses and paramedics to record ECGs of sufficient diagnostic quality. Previously, we proposed an algorithm for determining if ECG recordings are of acceptable quality, which was entered in the PhysioNet Challenge 2011. In the present work, we propose ...