Abstract Background and Purpose: Endourology has evolved rapidly for the management of both benign and malignant disease of the upper urinary tract. Limited data exist, however, on the occupational hazards posed by complex endourologic procedures. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and possible causes of hand ...

Superficial parotidectomy is a well-established treatment for the early stages of tumors involving the parotid gland. However, there are 3 problems with traditional superficial parotidectomies: (1) cosmetic problems, such as scars, especially around the neck; (2) depressed deformities; and (3) Frey syndrome. A superficial parotidectomy via a modified face-lift incision ...

Nasal obstruction can be due to internal and external valve problems that can be seen before and after rhinoplasty. The main scope of this article is to concentrate on surgical solutions to these problems. To overcome nasal obstruction at the internal valve, spreader grafts, spreader flaps, upper lateral splay graft, ...

Air abrasion dentistry has evolved over a period of time from a new concept of an alternative means of cavity preparation to an essential means of providing a truly conservative preparation for preservation of a maximal sound tooth structure. The development of bonded restorations in combination with air abrasion dentistry ...

Despite the century that has passed since Dr. Edward Hartley Angle (1855-1930) launched a new dental specialty, his personal vision of why he believed orthodontics needed to separate from dentistry has remained somewhat obscure. This study seeks to provide more clarity to this question. Angle followed a very distinct pattern ...

Throughout the history of modern dentisty, there have been many luminaries in the profession. All have made tremendous contributions to various aspects of dentistry and the betterment of oral care in general. However, only one can be known as "the Father of Modern Dentistry." This title is bestowed upon Pierre ...

Dentistry has always been a profession of change: each generation is enriched by the values and skills of the next. Generation Next is bringing to dentistry its diversity, comfort with technology, openness to bioscience, and involvement at the local level.

On the recommendation of the Membership Committee and the Board of Directors, the Council of Representatives, at its August 2007 session, elected the following 274 members to initial APA fellow status. The elections were effective as of January 1, 2008, and were forwarded on the nomination of the divisions indicated. ...

Seasonal variations in temperature, salinity, sigma-t and light transmittance were investigated in Buyat Bay, Indonesia, related to the dumping activity there. More than 2000 tons per day of tailings were disposed through a Submarine Tailing Disposal (STD) method at 82 m depth in Buyat Bay. An 80 m depth of ...

OBJECTIVES: (1) To systematically review the clinical application and remineralization potentials of ozone in dentistry; (2) To summarize the available in vitro applications of ozone in dentistry. SOURCES: Ovid MEDLINE, CINAHL, etc. (up to April 2007). STUDY SELECTION: In vitro or in vivo English language publications, original studies, and reviews ...

Two types of different molecular weight chitosan were investigated as a pelletization aid in extrusion/spheronization using water as granulation liquid. Spherical pellets with a maximum fraction of 60% w/w chitosan could be produced when 1.25-2.5% w/w sodium alginate was included in the formulations with no microcrystalline cellulose (MCC). Chitosan with ...

A 50-year-old friendly and attractive Chinese lady was examined by the Primary Care Unit, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya. Her requests for treatment included implants and crowns. Two periapical radiographs of teeth 16 and 48 were taken to aid diagnosis. Interestingly, pin-like radio-opaque objects were found over the crown ...

Among the cationic polymers, polyethyleneimine (PEI) is a promising candidate for delivery of oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs). In this study, we wondered whether pegylation of PEI influences the complexation with ODNs. We especially aimed to investigate whether ODNs are differently protected against enzymatic degradation in PEI and polyethylene glycol-polyethyleneimine (PEG-PEI) polyplexes. Using ...

Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a concern in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Rifampin (RIF), an agent used against M. tuberculosis, is contraindicated with most HIV protease inhibitors. Atazanavir (ATV) has clinical efficacy comparable to a standard of care regimen in naive patients and, when dosed with low-dose ritonavir (RTV), ...

Dentistry is a dynamic profession with new trends evolving. Minimally invasive dentistry is becoming not just a concept but a way of practicing. Creative people are finding ways, materials, and technology that enable patients to experience less hard-tissue or soft-tissue removal, improved prevention and maintenance, and increased attention to a ...

The dental literature concerning bitemark methodology is surprisingly thin and sorely lacking in rigorous scientific testing. Contra to this fact, the bitemark legal caselaw is surprisingly strong and is used as a substitute for reliability testing of bite mark identification. In short, the Judiciary and the Prosecutors have loved forensic ...

The use of magnification in dentistry appears to be of increasing interest. This is also reflected in our own specialty, with a number of optical companies exhibiting their products at orthodontic conferences and meetings. This article reviews the principles of magnification, briefly discusses the magnification loupes that are available on ...

Old Medicare claims in California, Florida, and New York are now subject to review by recovery audit contractors. To deal with these audits, providers should: Identify who within their organization will receive RAC communications. Review their practices in addressing government audits and claims of overpayment. Consider the compliance implications of ...

The good news is that most dogs and cats live through their first year of life with no dental or oral problems requiring attention. For the others, being aware of the potential problems, recognizing them early, and instituting appropriate care in a timely manner can improve the quality of life ...

In the 1930s, creative thinkers in orthodontics began to more openly question the status quo. Apprenticeships had given way to formal instruction, and proprietary schools bowed to graduate university programs, including some taught or headed by women. The MD degree was gradually replaced by the MS as the focus of ...

Phagocytosis and chemotaxis are receptor-mediated processes that require extensive rearrangements of the actin cytoskeleton, and are controlled by lipid second messengers such as phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate [PtdIns(3,4,5)P3] and phosphatidylinositol 3,4-bisphosphate [PtdIns(3,4)P2]. We used a panel of pleckstrin homology (PH) domains with distinct binding specificities for PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 and PtdIns(3,4)P2 to study the ...

The Cedar Fire burned a large area of San Diego County in October 2003. By the time it was extinguished in mid-November, it had consumed more acres than any fire in California's history. Fifteen people lost their lives because of the fire. Forensic dentistry played a prominent role in the ...

The role of professionals complementary to dentistry (PCDs) has changed radically in recent times and further changes are likely in the foreseeable future. The modernisation of dentistry throughout the UK dictates that the existing workforce takes into account the substantial contribution which can be made by PCDs in addressing the ...

Three leaders in dentistry are presented as case studies. G.V. Black played a leading role in moving dentistry from a trade to a profession. William J. Gies helped lay the scientific foundation for dentistry. Arthur A. Dugoni has emphasized the human dimension of the profession and built relationships among key ...

In order to perceive stereoscopic depth, the visual system must define binocular disparities. Consider an oblique line seen through an aperture formed by flanking occluders. Because the line is perceived behind the aperture, the line must have disparity relative to the aperture. What is the assigned disparity of the line ...

The stability problems for equilibrium standard "double bubble" and "double drop" configurations are considered. Recent work has shown that a double bubble is stable to volume-preserving perturbations. In this paper, the stability to perturbations that do not conserve the volumes of the individual bubbles is examined. It is shown that ...

Increases in pH between 7.1 and 7.7 increase the efficiency of polybrene (Pb)- and protamine sulfate (PS)-aided retroviral transduction of NIH-3T3 cells in a serum-lot-dependent manner. The increase in Pb-aided transduction efficiency at pH 7.7, relative to the value at pH 7.33, ranged from 13% to 49% for three serum ...

The entomogenous fungus Nomuraea rileyi reportedly secretes a proteinaceous substance inhibiting larval molt and metamorphosis in the silkworm Bombyx mori. We studied the possibility that N. rileyi controls B. mori development by inactivating hemolymph molting hormone, ecdysteroids. Incubation of ecdysone (E) and 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) in fungal-conditioned medium resulted in their ...

The SL Ultrasonic Tips provide a new option for specific microlesion indications. New designs are continuing to be developed and refined to help enhance the clinician's ability to provide quality treatment in a conservative way. With the increase in the use of aided vision for clinical dentistry, the need for ...

In my view there is curiously little evidence, but much emotional rhetoric, supporting the value or clarifying the purposes of supervision. Even Roth and Fonagy (1996) resort to purely rhetorical support for supervision in their otherwise evidence-obsessed study. Supervision, I submit, is highly problematic terrain. And any consideration of the ...

The study was conducted in the northern Texas Rolling Plains in 1999 to define the relationship between number of cotton aphids, Aphis gossypii Glover, and resulting contamination of cotton lint by honeydew. Whole-plot treatments were three furrow irrigation management treatments: cotton grown without supplemental irrigation (dryland), irrigated cotton with last ...

Evidence-based dentistry involves defining a question focused on a patient-related problem and searching for reliable evidence to provide an answer. Once potential evidence has been found, it is necessary to determine whether the information is credible and whether it is useful in your practice by using the techniques of critical ...

Forensic dentistry can be defined in many ways. One of the more elegant definitions is simply that forensic dentistry represents the overlap between the dental and the legal professions. This two-part series presents the field of forensic dentistry by outlining two of the major aspects of the profession: human identification ...

Dentistry in the 1990s has seen an evolution in new cosmetic materials and techniques. In order to appreciate and use these methods and materials properly, it is important to have an understanding of cosmetic dentistry and its origins. This article gives a brief history of esthetic dentistry and guidelines for ...

In dentistry many studies collect hierarchical data, but this is not always recognised or understood by the researchers. This paper sets out to describe such studies and discusses aspects of their design, data collection and analysis. Sometimes these studies may be dealt with in a simple way, but others may ...

Important dates in the history of forensic hypnosis are identified and their significance is briefly described. Trends regarding the use of forensic hypnosis are highlighted, as well as criticisms of various positions. The authors recommend that professionals who practice forensic hypnosis be thoroughly familiar with the significant precedents, problems, and ...

This article, through presentation of case studies, defines differences and suggests separate definitions for the terms cosmetic dentistry and esthetic dentistry. Dentistry strives to emulate harmonious form and function for therapy, and modification of appearance is an integral part of dental treatment. Cosmetic dentistry suggests a certain accommodation and is ...

No hospital creates a healthier community all by itself. But it can give its neighbors a jump start. As the winners of this year's NOVA Awards show, the result is a better life for the most vulnerable--the sickest, the poorest, the youngest, the oldest. And by tackling problems beyond their ...

Baby Boomers want to stay younger longer. As they age, a healthy attractive smile becomes much more important to their appearance. Nothing conveys good health and maintenance like aesthetically pleasing teeth. Because the timing is perfect for cosmetic dentistry, there is no reason for people to not have a great ...

The context in which Hippocrates practiced is presented as an explanation for the content of the oath. Today oath-taking invokes respect for high principles shared among a community of practitioners even though the specifics of Hippocrates' code may be outdated or even unknown to many health professionals. More recent oaths ...

Esthetic dentistry is one of the prime essential areas in dentistry today. The purpose of this article is to address the dependent relationship between excellent esthetics and optimum occlusion. Occlusal objectives must be addressed and achieved. If one is to expect to recreate ideal esthetics, one must first thoroughly investigate, ...

The long-term maintenance of sensory gain following sensory reeducation is still unknown for replanted digits. Ten patients with 18 replanted or revascularized digits, who had received a formal sensory reeducation program for 1.5 years postoperatively, were reevaluated with moving two-point discrimination and Semmes-Weinstein pressure threshold test after discontinuing sensory reeducation ...

Although microbial resistance to antibiotics is increasing rapidly and alarmingly throughout the world, dentistry has been relatively conservative with antibiotic use and probably has not contributed greatly to the problem. The ADA Council on Scientific Affairs has prepared this statement on the use of antibiotics in dentistry to clarify the ...

The presentation of proposed dental treatment has been hampered by the absence of visual communication technologies. New high tech dentistry-related tools permit efficient production of case presentations for cosmetic dentistry and restorative dentistry. This review describes how to create computer-based case presentations using Microsoft PowerPoint (Microsoft Corp., Redmond, WA) and ...

This article describes how sedation can help to overcome some of the problems associated with the use of local anaesthesia for dentistry. It also reviews those problems where sedation is not the appropriate choice, and gives guidance on distinguishing the appropriate from the inappropriate, along with suggestions for how such ...

With increasing consumer awareness of the innovative procedures available for cosmetic dentistry, this area of practice is growing rapidly and has become an excellent source for patient referrals. Unfortunately, it can also be a large source of stress for the practitioner. Esthetics has been described by The Pocket Oxford Dictionary ...

Dentistry has had a few nasty media shocks in the past year. Part of the problem is that dentists who are willing to talk to the press in good times, shy away from the media when the questions get tough. And if you won't answer the question, what's a journalist--and ...

With the advent of CDCs "universal precautions" and OSHA's bloodborne pathogen standard, the number of health-care workers wearing latex gloves has increased dramatically in the law few years. Reports of irritation, contact, and allergic reactions to powdered latex gloves in both medicine and dentistry are on the rise as well. ...

Homozygosity for either the lpr (lymphoproliferation) or the gld (generalized lymphoproliferative disease) mutation in mice causes the development of strikingly similar hyperglobulinemia and lymphoproliferative syndromes. Nevertheless, previous studies of various C57BL/6 chimeras obtained by reconstitution of irradiated recipients with hematopoietic cells (HC), differing at the bg, gld, lpr, and/or nu ...

Titanium and its alloys are increasingly important in dentistry. Thin titanium nitride (TiN) coatings improve properties of metallic material for industrial purposes. Recently TiN coatings have been advocated in dentistry. In a survey of the literature, aspects of biological, mechanical and corrosive behaviour are assessed. Moreover, specific problems for clinical ...