King crabs (Family Lithodidae) are among the world's largest arthropods, having a crab-like morphology and a strongly calcified exoskeleton. The hermit crabs, by contrast, have depended on gastropod shells for protection for over 150 million years. Shell-living has constrained the morphological evolution of hermit crabs by requiring a decalcified asymmetrical ...

Though repeatedly proclaimed as an indispensable element of quality operative dentistry, the rubber dam is seldom used in private practice. This is because of numerous hazards and inconveniences for the patient and dentist which have been rarely mentioned. These dangers and more effective alternatives to the dam's use in modern ...

Many of the biomaterials and auxilliary products used in dentistry are chemically and biologically reactive and may be of concern in occupational safety programmes. Observations from 1936 to 1975 indicated that most occupational problems were related to skin contact with procaine, soaps, eugenol, iodine, formalin, phenol, and other disinfectants. Methyl ...

Electives are an excellent opportunity to observe dentistry in another country. I chose Toronto in Canada, as it has always struck me as a very modern city and I was particularly interested in observing their recent advances in surgical orthodontics, which I find enthralling. I was aware that Toronto had ...

Five hundred two trappers representing 389 registered traplines in northern Alberta, northern British Columbia, Northwest Territories and Yukon Territory (Canada) responded to a questionnaire on the occurrence of hair loss and the winter tick (Dermacentor albipictus) on moose (Alces alces). Results suggested that winter ticks may occur as far as ...

This review of oral sedation in dentistry will examine the objectives, indications, advantages and disadvantages of oral sedation and will present some of the basic guidelines for its safe use. It will also review the properties, precautions and contraindications (both absolute and relative) of some of the currently popular sedative ...

The materials and techniques of esthetic dentistry are provoking reconsideration of the basic principles of operative dentistry. Cavity preparations can be minimized, demands on retention are altered, and prevention can be practiced. Problems remain, particularly in bonding and sealing to dentin. The newer materials have yet to prove themselves in ...

The switch of RNA polymerase specificity from early to late promoters of bacteriophage T4 is achieved by substitution of host sigma factor, sigma 70, with the T4 induced factor, sigma gp55. However, overproduction of sigma gp55 from an expression vector is not detrimental to Escherichia coli growth. Direct competition binding ...

We evaluated three different methods for measuring lactate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.27) isoenzyme LD-1 activity--agarose gel electrophoresis and two immunoassays, Isomune-LD (Roche) and LD-1 Immuno (Seragen)--in patients' samples for which measurement of creatine kinase-MB was ordered. Regression analyses of the comparisons gave the following results: LD-1 (%) from Isomune-LD (y) vs ...

Midazolam is a relatively new benzodiazepine that is widely used in both medicine and dentistry. Its multiplicity of uses makes it unique among the benzodiazepines, and its water solubility and lack of active metabolites give it distinct advantages over diazepam. This paper reviews the clinical pharmacology of midazolam, provides comparison ...

A national survey of predoctoral community dentistry faculty members provided "ratings of importance" for each of 32 community dentistry topics. Departmental chairpersons, identified by respondents, were sent a second questionnaire to determine clock hours of didactic instruction for each topic. A response rate of 79 percent (N = 121) was ...

A double blind, randomized crossover study investigated whether aminophylline reverses the conscious sedation with midazolam in dentistry to result in quicker clinical recovery than when midazolam is used alone. Twenty-five patients between 17-30 years of age (ASA Grade 1) were sedated with midazolam for bilateral third molar extractions, one side ...

Modern dentistry is a relatively young profession in Malaysia. The development of dentistry in Britain has a major influence on dentistry in Malaysia. Not only does it offer a historical perspective, it serves as a crystal ball to provide an insight into what dentistry will be like in the future. ...

Twelve Suffolk sheep were examined because of an abomasal emptying problem. Anorexia and weight loss were evident in 11 of the sheep. Ventral abdominal distention was observed in 5 sheep. Laboratory analyses failed to show the hypochloremic, hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis commonly found in cattle with a similar problem. Rumen chloride ...

Salmonella contamination is a major problem in the poultry industry, but no data are available on the prevalence in geese. From two slaughter facilities in Manitoba, 130 carcass rinsings and 315 cloacal swabs from a total of 17 flocks of domestic geese were examined for salmonellae. Sixty percent of the ...

With the aid of flexion-extension lateral radiographs, we investigated the effect of the canvas corset, the Raney and Baycast jackets, and the Baycast spica on the segmental sagittal mobility of the lumbosacral spine in separate groups of five volunteers each. The canvas corset reduced the mean angular movements at each ...

Three videocameras were used to perform superimpositions of a skull (on which the facial features had been reconstructed) and an x-ray of this skull upon a photograph said to be that of the deceased. The resulting videofilm, together with still pictures taken from this film, were viewed by the Auckland ...

It was suggested that astrologers and psychics may play a role similar to that played by psychotherapists, and that they serve clients who do not wish to characterize themselves as having psychological problems. These ideas were documented by extracts from the writings of astrologers and by transcripts of visits to ...

In the four years since its inception, the bay-region theory has proved highly successful in predicting which diol epoxide of a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon would have the highest tumorigenic activity. The present studies on benzo[c]phenanthrene have shown this hydrocarbon to be unique. It is the first hydrocarbon for which the ...

Marathon runners are subject to many unique physical problems, especially blistering of the feet. Once the feet have become blistered, some runners use rubber cement, which contains benzene as an impurity, to keep adhesive tape in place over the denuded areas while running. We report the case of a marathon ...

The use of hypno-sedatives in dentistry, diazepam, and nitrous oxide, may result in psychological sequelae for the patient. These problems are not remedied by technical approaches to treatment. They may be decreased by a better understanding of suggestion, personality, and anxiety. The study of the use of suggestion is recommended.

The first specialty board in dentistry has been celebrating its 50th anniversary. The need for the specialty and for presenting orthodontic diagnosis and classification at the undergraduate level remains. The orthodontic specialty has contributed an active source of leadership to all of dentistry and is proud to share in the ...

Author peers throuth the 'perpetual fog' that is pay--pay policy, pay restraint, pay freeze--to try to discern the way wages are negotiated, the 'lumpy' aspect of the structure and the problems of job evaluation and reward; matters which, he says, will keep Whitley in steady and altruistically gainful employment for ...

Those institutions that survive the "combined onslaught" of inflation, taxes and other stubborn foes that will continue to beset them in the decade to come can only be strengthened by their tribulations, the author claims. With the aid of his "crystal ball", he views what the 1980s have in store ...

The course after subcutaneous mastectomy is not without problems and the esthetic results, even in the absence of complications, are frequently disappointing. The role of subcutaneous mastectomy in the management of breast pathology remains uncertain at this time.

The stages of initiation and promotion in the natural history of epidermal carcinogenesis have been known for many years. Recently, experimental systems other than skin have been shown to exhibit similar, if not completely analogous, stages in the natural history of neoplasia. In particular, the demonstration by Peraino and his ...

Holograms were made that recorded on a single piece of film an entire study case in three dimensions. Other applications of holography in dentistry are discussed. On a qualitative basis, it appears that holography has potential application in many fields of dentistry. However, a number of problems must be resolved ...

The gliding bacterium Herpetosiphon giganteus Hp a2 was shown to contain gamma-carotene, one monoglucosyloxy and two new diglucosyloxy carotenoids with a x-O-acyldiglucosyloxy carotenoid as main component. Flexirubin-like pigments could not be detected in this organism. As in the Myxobacterales and Cytophagales (Kleinig et al., 1974) menaquinones (MK-6 and MK-7) were ...

Midwater squid respond to overhead illumination by turning on numerous downward-directed photophores; they turn off the photophores when overhead illumination is eliminated. The squid are invisible when the intensity of the photophores matches the intensity of the overhead illumination. These results strongly support the theory of ventral bioluminescent countershading.

Patients unable to submit themselves to routine dental treatment under local anaesthesia were studied during treatment under diazepam sedation accompanied by local anaesthesia, and compared with a matched control group for psychiatric assessment. Physiological responses, operating conditions, amnesia, pain threshold, and recovery were all assessed by various tests.Some of the ...

The physiological responses to intravenous diazepam and oral local analgesia for conservative dentistry have been assessed in 16 patients. Apart from a transient tachycardia during actual administration of the drug, no clinically significant changes occurred in the haemodynamic, respiratory, or metabolic status of the patients. In some patients there was ...

Aphasia is an impairment of language resulting from stroke that can affect a person's ability to use and comprehend words. People who have aphasia often keep a writing device handy to write down information that they have trouble communicating verbally. Device options include expensive keyboard devices or more commonly small ...

The role of polymorphs in the Arthus type hypersensitivity vasculitis has been studied. Polymorphs were found to play an essential role in not only producing the inflammatory vasculitis, but also were instrumental in ridding the damaged vessel of the antigen, probably by means of proteolytic catabolism at the inflammatory site. ...