This study examines the laboratory aspects of diagnosis of coccidioidomycosis in 11 patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and the qualitative and quantitative differences between host responses of AIDS and non-AIDS patients who died with disseminated coccidioidomycosis. Material obtained at bronchoscopy confirmed the diagnosis of pulmonary coccidioidomycosis in 67% (6/9) ...

Cryptosporidium and Isospora belli are coccidian protozoan parasites that were long recognized as pathogens of animals. They were brought to the attention of the medical community by the advent of AIDS. These parasites are associated with persistent, devastating enteritis in patients with AIDS and self-limited diarrheal illness in the immunocompetent ...

The enhancement of antimicrobial resistance and immunomodulatory action, and the anabolic effect caused by the consumption of live lactobacteria as a dietary adjunct are proposed by the author as sufficient reasons to test lactobacterial preparations in patients with AIDS. The problem of dosage is discussed and a practical solution presented.

To obtain data on the likely acceptability of cochlear implants (and of vibrotactile aids), a questionnaire was sent to profoundly/totally hearing-impaired patients. The patients were asked how they felt about their current communication problems and possible benefits to be obtained from such devices. Of the 153 replies obtained, the combined ...

To assess the degree of house officers' concerns about acquiring AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) from their patients, we surveyed 263 medical and pediatric interns and residents in four housestaff training programs affiliated with seven New York City hospitals with large AIDS patient populations; 258 questionnaires (98 per cent) were returned. ...

The PHA-induced synthesis of interleukin 2 (IL-2) by peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) from 9 normal and 8 pre-AIDS individuals was evaluated. IL-2 content in supernatant fluids of PBL cultures derived from pre-AIDS patients was only around 20% of that found in normal PBL cultures. The addition of two thymic preparations, ...

The eyes of an AIDS patient with cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis and pneumonitis who died while receiving maintenance therapy with the antiviral agent 9-[2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl) ethoxymethyl] guanine (Ganciclovir) were obtained for pathological examination. While under treatment the patient had significant improvement but not complete regression of retinitis. Electron microscopic and immunofluorescent techniques ...

Adverse reactions to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole are very prevalent in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Recently we have observed severe toxicities associated with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in three hemophiliacs, a group known to be at risk for developing AIDS. At the time of these reactions to the antibiotic, none of the patients had ...

Cryptococcus neoformans strains from 26 individual patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and three isolates from patients without AIDS were tested for their susceptibility to amphotericin B, flucytosine, ketoconazole, and miconazole nitrate. Ninety percent of the C neoformans isolates from patients with AIDS were inhibited by drug concentrations within achievable ...

Severe protein-calorie malnutrition is common in patients with AIDS and could contribute to the progressive deterioration characteristic of that disease. Selenium deficiency could also have a negative impact on immune function and other organ functions vital for recovery from infectious diseases. Therefore, to assess any role for selenium in AIDS ...

We conducted a randomized prospective study to compare the efficacy of oral miconazole and ketoconazole in the treatment of candida esophagitis in acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients in Haiti. Twelve AIDS patients with endoscopic and microscopic diagnoses of candida esophagitis were placed on either oral miconazole or ketoconazole for ...

Though there is no correlation between mental illness and homosexuality, there are unique concerns that play a role in symptomatology and psychotherapy around neurotic and characterological issues in gay patients. Homophobia, both in the therapist and in the patient, external and internalized, is the significant "hidden" factor. Lack of training ...

The presence of patients with AIDS and AIDS-related complex (ARC) on a psychiatric unit requires education of and adaptation by staff and other patients as well as changes in the psychiatric milieu. The authors describe their experiences with 36 AIDS and ARC patients admitted to a psychiatric unit over an ...

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To assess safety, tolerance, and the clinical and laboratory effects of oral ribavirin in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and the AIDS-related complex. DESIGN: Three uncontrolled phase I trials of increasing duration: 14 days, 8 weeks, and 12 months. SETTING: Outpatient clinic of a university-referral hospital. ...

If patients who have AIDS or ARC, or who are seropositive for HIV antibody, refuse to engage in "safe sex" to protect their sexual partners, may physicians warn those partners? Must they warn them? Does the law apply equally to symptomatic and asymptomatic patients? The law is not only confusing ...

Herpes zoster has recently been reported in young patients with risk factors for AIDS. In high-risk patients under age 55, herpes may be the first manifestation of AIDS or AIDS-related complex. Dissemination of zoster does not appear to be greatly increased in this group, but corticosteroid therapy should be withheld.

In persons with AIDS or at risk from AIDS, autoantibodies against platelets and granulocytes were frequently detected. Platelet-bound immunoglobulins were demonstrated by immunofluorescence in all 16 patients with AIDS, in five out of seven patients with AIDS-related complex/persistent generalized lymphadenopathy (ARC/PGL) and even in seven of 10 healthy sexually active ...

Clinical features of adrenal steroid deficiency occur in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). To determine the frequency of aberrations in peripheral steroid levels in patients with AIDS and AIDS-related complex (ARC) we measured morning recumbent plasma cortisol, deoxycorticosterone, 18-hydroxydeoxycorticosterone (18-OHDOC), corticosterone, aldosterone, and 18-hydroxycorticosterone concentrations before and after ...

Urinary neopterin, a sensitive marker for activation of cell mediated immunity, is compared to clinical and laboratory data in 5 patients with AIDS, in 15 patients with ARC and in 40 male subjects without AIDS-related clinical signs attending an AIDS outpatient clinic. The sensitivity of neopterin for AIDS-related diseases was ...

Eight nurses and four physicians involved in the care of an acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) patient and a matched, non-AIDS patient responded to three self-report measures that assessed the psychological distress associated with working with each patient. While working with the AIDS patient the physicians and nurses experienced increased ...

Ninety adult patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and 27 with AIDS-related complex were seen consecutively, when available, either as inpatients or in AIDS clinics and given complete cutaneous examinations. Skin disease was common both in patients with AIDS and in those with AIDS-related complex. The most common cutaneous findings ...

The expression of Class II histocompatibility antigens (HLA-DR and HLA-DQ), leukocyte function associated antigen (LFA-1) and complement receptor type 3 (CR3) on peripheral blood monocytes and alveolar macrophages (M phi) from patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and AIDS-related complex (ARC) and age-matched controls was studied. The percentage of ...

We report twenty-five patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and interface dermatitis. Patients with AIDS and interface dermatitis had numerous opportunistic and herpetic infections. Nearly all patients were receiving at least one medication prior to the development of their rash and many were clinically thought to have a drug ...

Six of 20 patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) or AIDS-related complex receiving intravenous infusions of soluble glucan (beta-1-3 polyglucose) developed a keratoderma of the palms and soles. The eruption began during the first two weeks of therapy and resolved two to four weeks after its discontinuation. The eruption was ...

Seven patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)/AIDS-related complex (ARC) and psoriasis are reported. The psoriasis first presented in close association with the AIDS/ARC. The cutaneous lesions were difficult to control with systemic antipsoriatic therapy when patients' immune functions were depressed. Isolation of patients with psoriasis and AIDS from psoriatic patients ...

To determine attitudes and practices associated with gastrointestinal endoscopy in patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), we surveyed the chiefs of gastroenterology at 196 medical centers in the United States. The response rate was 61% overall and 100% from New York and San Francisco. Our results revealed a broad ...

Lymphocyte subpopulations in the intestinal tissues of seven patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) or AIDS-related complex (ARC) were studied by immunohistologic technics at two different locations, the small bowel and the rectum. Intraepithelial and lamina propria lymphocyte subsets stained with monoclonal antibodies T11, T4, T8, and B1 were enumerated ...

Notes some of the psychosocial aspects of AID patients and offers general guidelines for caregivers in dealing with the factors of impact, regression, acknowledgment, and reconstruction. Identifies the main tools of ministry as those of presence, affirmation, and listening. Challenges the church to go beyond society's negativism regarding AIDS and ...

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) has engendered a crisis of fear among the public and health professionals alike. In addition to the myriad anxieties that generally accompany dying and death, AIDS patients must deal with numerous additional fears. In rushing to treat the physiologic aspects of AIDS, health professionals have generally ...

Phagocytic and fungicidal activity towards C. albicans spores were tested in 9 patients with AIDS-Related Complex (ARC), but without Candida infections, and in 13 patients with AIDS and deep candidiasis. No significant differences were observed between the two mentioned groups as far as PMN's phagocytosis and killing were concerned. PMN's ...

We studied seven patients with AIDS or AIDS-related complex (ARC) and movement disorders. Three had hemichorea-ballismus, two had segmental myoclonus, one had postural tremor with dystonia, and one had paroxysmal dystonia. Besides the hyperkinesias, two patients had parkinsonism, and one had cerebral Whipple's disease. In two, the movement disorder preceded ...

As more patients with AIDS and AIDS-related syndromes are admitted to psychiatric units, staffs must meet new diagnostic and therapeutic challenges while adapting to the unique stresses of treating these patients. The authors discuss several case vignettes to illustrate how the staff of a voluntary acute-stay psychiatric unit progressed over ...

Susceptibility testing and serotyping were performed on 57 isolates of Mycobacterium avium-M. intracellulare from patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and 75 isolates from patients without AIDS. Susceptibility patterns and serotypes of AIDS isolates were significantly different from those of non-AIDS isolates. These results may partially explain the poor therapeutic ...

Bulimia is a serious and increasingly prevalent eating disorder involving both the ingestion of large quantities of food and the subsequent purging of the ingested calories. Nurse practitioners can effectively intervene in cases of bulimia because of their ability to assess the bulimic's potential medical problems and provide the health ...

In order to investigate the nature of the immune disorders associated with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and the AIDS-related condition of persistent, generalized lymphadenopathy (PGL), serum beta-2 microglobulin (beta 2-M) levels were determined in patients with AIDS and PGL and in asymptomatic homosexual and heterosexual controls. Sixteen of ...

Since the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is characterized by opportunistic infections and malignancies indicative of a profound suppression in cell-mediated immunity, we investigated the antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) of peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with AIDS against chicken red blood cells (CRBC). A marked decrease in ADCC-CRBC activity was ...

Ocular toxoplasmosis typically presents as a focal necrotizing retinochoroiditis. We report a case of diffuse necrotizing retinochoroiditis due to toxoplasmosis in a patient with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The appearance at initial presentation was similar to the acute retinal necrosis syndrome. We recommend that toxoplasmosis be considered in the ...

The protean ocular manifestations of patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) have been well documented both clinically and histopathologically. Since 1978, many case reports have emphasized the opportunistic ocular infections in patients with AIDS. We report the clinicopathologic findings in a patient with AIDS who demonstrated focal necrosis of ...

With the prevalence of wife assault quite high, family doctors will see battered women and their families in the office. However, the identification of the problem is often missed due to women's reluctance to explain their problem and physicians' hesitancy in exploring the possibility and lack of awareness of the ...

Ambulation has always been difficult for patients with myelodysplasia; however, introduction of the reciprocal gait orthosis seemingly offered increased potential as an ambulatory aid. Review of 41 patients with myelodysplasia treated with the reciprocal gait orthosis revealed that 78% reached community or household ambulator status, a marked improvement over previous ...

A total of 375 homosexual males were studied to assess the dental findings, life-style, and risk factors during a 4-year period. At baseline, 136 of the patients were diagnosed as having AIDS, 116 were considered at risk for AIDS, and 123 were considered healthy. In a mean follow-up time of ...

An epidemiologic survey of the distribution of lymphoadenopathy syndrome in six Italian cities and its correlation with human T-lymphotropic retrovirus III (HTLV-III) is reported. Serum samples of nine patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) were tested, 180 from patients with lymphoadenopathy and 349 from individuals belonging to groups such ...

Ten isolates of Cryptococcus neoformans recovered from individual patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) were studied in conjunction with three other isolates from non-AIDS patients. On primary culture nine out of ten of the AIDS isolates grew as nonmucoid, dry, pasty colonies resembling those produced by "diphtheroids." One isolate ...

Cryptococcus neoformans recovered from the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of eight patients, seven with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) or AIDS-related complex (ARC), were studied to assess the relationship between degree of encapsulation noted in fresh CSF with that observed after animal passage. We further correlated encapsulation with extent of immunodeficiency ...

A total of 121 acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients diagnosed in Haiti were studied between June 1979 and December 1983. Risk factors were identified in 65% of 34 patients evaluated in a standardized manner since July 1983 and included: bisexuality, 38%; blood transfusion, 21%; and intravenous drug abuse or a ...

The first fatal case of AIDS in an hemophiliac observed in Italy is reported. The propositus is a 53-year-old hemophilia A patient who died on the 8th December, 1984. AIDS was documented clinically and in the laboratory by serum antibodies to HTLV-III detected by ELISA and Western blot assays. A ...

The expression of C3b receptors (CR1) on erythrocytes of gay men at various levels of risk for AIDS was studied. Fourty-nine heterosexual male controls had a mean (X) +/- standard deviation of 516 +/- 136 CR1 per erythrocyte (CR1-3); 17 asymptomatic gay men had X = 423 +/- 156, 16 ...

Psychosocial problems are common among emergency department visitors, and can remain undetected if not focused upon. In the present study the magnitude of these problems was analysed by a social worker through telephone interviews 3-5 days after patients emergency department visit. This survey revealed not only those patients recognized by ...

Multiple opportunistic infections are characteristic of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Although bacterial pathogens have presented few problems, we have noted an emerging problem with salmonellal infection among patients with AIDS. A review of all stool and blood cultures from adults between January 1982 and July 1984 showed that 80 ...

The in vitro effects of isoprinosine (ISO) on the production of IL-1 in AIDS patients and normal controls were investigated in this study. IL-1 production from adherent cells was measured by an indirect method using EL-4 cells. Five of eleven AIDS patients had depressed IL-1 production. Various concentrations of ISO ...