Diver-based Underwater Visual Censuses (UVCs), particularly transect-based surveys, are key tools in the study of coral reef fish ecology. These techniques, however, have inherent problems that make it difficult to collect accurate numerical data. One of these problems is the diver effect (defined as the reaction of fish to a ...

Objectives To assess changes in the intensity of suicide news reporting in Taiwan's local newspapers after the arrival of a daily tabloid-type newspaper, Apple Daily (AD), and evaluate the impact of suicide news reporting on actual suicides and possible mutual causation. Methods A counting process was used to estimate the ...

Do dinosaurs from the Moroccan Kem Kem formation provide evidence for an ecosystem dramatically different from anything seen today? More likely the common palaeontological problem of time-averaging has had a part to play.

Activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID) initiates antibody gene diversification by creating U:G mismatches. However, AID is not specific for antibody genes; Off-target lesions can activate oncogenes or cause chromosome translocations. Despite its importance in these transactions little is known about how AID finds its targets. We performed an shRNA screen to ...

In Part I of this article, research on pseudocommandos was reviewed, and the important role that revenge fantasies play in motivating such persons to commit mass murder-suicide was discussed. Before carrying out their mass shootings, pseudocommandos may communicate some final message to the public or news media. These communications are ...

CD4 cell count and plasma viral load are well known predictors of AIDS and mortality in HIV-1-infected patients treated with combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). This study investigated, in patients treated for at least 3 years, the respective prognostic importance of values measured at cART initiation, and 6 and 36 months ...

To compare the early mortality pattern and causes of death among patients starting HAART in Brazil and the United States. We analyzed the combined data from two clinical cohorts followed at the Johns Hopkins AIDS Service in Baltimore, United States, and the Evandro Chagas Clinical Research Institute AIDS Clinic in ...

FASB statements and SEC guidelines give direction as to how healthcare organizations should account for their asset retirement obligations (AROs) where environmental issues are concerned. A key consideration is that current costs associated with environmental problems, such as encapsulating asbestos, are to be accounted for as part of an asset's ...

Psychoanalytic developmental theory has never enjoyed a broad consensus among psychoanalytic thinkers. In today's postmodern era, its relevance and basic premises are even more in question as a legitimate part of psychoanalytic theorizing. Part of the problem has been (1) the serious errors perpetrated historically in the name of psychoanalytic ...

The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services is developing a Web-based application, CROWNWeb, which is designed to update mandated electronic data entry and retrieval for dialysis facilities nationwide. Part 2 of this three-part series introduces CROWNWeb to the ESRD community. It discusses the release and impact of the recently released ...

Beleaguered by criticisms, and abused by politicians for ecological target-setting, biofuels are in their darkest hour. But their bringing to trial should remind us - yet again - of something else: the highly questionable sustainability of most of modern agriculture. Is this the end of biofuels? Probably not, but it ...

Let A be a sequence of n real numbers, L(1) and L(2) be two integers such that L(1) < or = L(2) , and R(1) and R(2) be two real numbers such that R(1) < or = R(2). An interval of A is feasible if its length is between L(1) ...

In order to understand how to maintain certification compliance of equipment used in hazardous (classified) locations, one must first have an understanding of what a hazardous (classified) location is and what the requirements are for the equipment certification. These will be explained in Part I by Cheryl Gagliardi, a senior ...

This is the second part of a review of the work of quantum physicists on the 'hard part' of the problem of mind. After an introduction which sets the scene and a brief review of contemporary work on the neural correlates of consciousness (NCC) the work of four prominent modern ...

Anglo American is one of the world's leading mining companies. With operations in over 50 countries and approximately 200 000 permanent employees, its operating profit in 2006 was US$9.8 billion. As well as having financial goals, Anglo American is committed to sustainable development. One of its five sustainable development principles ...

The individual haplotyping problem is a computing problem of reconstructing two haplotypes for an individual based on several optimal criteria from one's fragments sequencing data. This paper is based on the fact that the length of a fragment and the number of the fragments covering a SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism) ...

This note is about the geometry of holomorphic foliations. Let X be a polynomial vector field with isolated singularities on C2. We announce some results regarding two problems: 1. Given a finitely curved orbit L of X, under which conditions is L algebraic? 2. If X has some non-algebraic finitely ...

Three compounds: (2S)-8-(3''-methylbut-2''-enyl)-7,3',4'-trihydroxyflavanone, (2S)-8-(3''-methyl-4''-hydroxy-but-2''-enyl)-7,3',4'-trihydroxyflavanone and (2S)-8-(3''-methyl-4''-hydroxy-but-2''-enyl)-5,3',4'-trihydroxy-7-methoxyflavanone, along with five previously known compounds, were isolated from the aerial parts of Flourensia fiebrigii. Their structures were elucidated by application of various spectroscopic methods, including 1D and 2D NMR techniques.

Zoocin A is a domain-structured peptidoglycan hydrolase produced by Streptococcus equi ssp. zooepidemicus 4881. [(14)C]-zoocin A was used to measure the amount of zoocin A bound to the surface of cells and to purified peptidoglycan. The sensitivity of various streptococci to zoocin A correlated with the amount of zoocin A ...

Two new 2-aryl benzofuran derivatives, 3-[7-methoxy-2-(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl) benzofuran-5-yl]propyl 3-[7-methoxy-2-(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)benzofuran-5-yl]propanoate (1) and demethoxy egonol gentiobioside (2), were isolated from the aqueous ethanolic extract of the seeds of Styrax macranthus, together with 7-methoxy-2-(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)benzofuran-5-carbaldehyde, egonol, demethoxy egonol, demethyl egonol, egonol glucoside, egonol gentiobioside, egonol gentiotrioside, stigmasterol, 2,3-dihydroxypropyl tetracosoate, and daucosterol. Their structures were elucidated ...

Ant allergy is a rare clinical problem that ranges from local to systemic reaction and life-threatening anaphylaxis. Different types of ants including the imported fire ants, the black (samsum) ants, and others, are considered health hazard in many parts of the world. We report a 32-year-old Saudi female from Hafr-Al-Batin ...

No Abstract. <i>The Nigerian Journal of Parasitology</i> Vol. 22(1&2) 2001: 23-28

Fast simulations of cardiac electrical phenomena demand fast matrix solvers for both the elliptic and parabolic parts of the bidomain equations. It is well known that fast matrix solvers for the elliptic part must address multiple physical scales in order to show robust behavior. Recent research on finding the proper ...

With the intrinsic properties of constraint satisfaction problems (CSPs) in mind, we divide CSPs into two types, namely, permutation CSPs and nonpermutation CSPs. According to their characteristics, several behaviors are designed for agents by making use of the ability of agents to sense and act on the environment. These behaviors ...

The coastal zone is an area where many human activities are taking place. Erosion of the coast obstructs, in various ways, these activities creating occasionally serious socioeconomic and environmental problems. In this paper the coastal erosion problems encountered in the eastern Greek part of the North Aegean Sea Coast, a ...

Although the existence of racial and ethnic disparities is increasingly recognized, a complete understanding of the causes and solutions to these problems remains elusive. Part One of this paper provides a historical overview of the origins of these disparities. Part Two outlines fundamental challenges to achieving a clear understanding of ...

It is only by fixing on agreed meanings of terms in biomedical terminologies that we will be in a position to achieve that accumulation and integration of knowledge that is indispensable to progress at the frontiers of biomedicine. Standardly, the goal of fixing meanings is seen as being realized through ...

Domain reference ontologies represent knowledge about a particular part of the world in a way that is independent from specific objectives, through a theory of the domain. An example of reference ontology in biomedical informatics is the Foundational Model of Anatomy (FMA), an ontology of anatomy that covers the entire ...

Evaluation of the marginal and internal fit of all-ceramic molar crown-copings hypothesizing that Computer Aided Design/Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAD/CAM) fabrication shows the same accuracy of fit as conventional techniques. A set of six individual crown preparations was duplicated 12 times yielding 72 plaster dies. Slip-cast (In-Ceram Zirconia), heat-pressing (Empress II) ...

In this issue and next, we're investigating different sections of the DICOM Standard to get a grip on what it's all about. The bottom line is to facilitate communication and DICOM addresses all the technical aspects to allow complying OEMs to talk to one another. In part 2, IT World ...

Fasciolosis, caused by Fasciola gigantica, presents major disease and production problems, particularly in the rice producing areas of South and South-East Asia. In Nepal, buffaloes are commonly stall-fed and the most usual fodder is rice straw, which is produced in large quantities in the area. Here we describe a relatively ...

The anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM) is one of the major sinks for methane on earth and is known to be mediated by at least two phylogenetically different groups of anaerobic methanotrophic Archaea (ANME-I and ANME-II). We present the first comparative in vitro study of the environmental regulation and physiology ...

This paper discusses and illustrates some technical implications of D. Liberman's contributions to character analysis. Psychoanalysis is an extended conversation, and character structure is expressed linguistically as part of an interactive linguistic field. Liberman's notions of linguistic styles and communicative interaction define a unique analytic surface from which to examine ...

This overview has been written as a tribute to a luminary of chromatography--Csaba Gyula Horváth, who passed away earlier this year. Since the scope of his work was enormous, the following pages focus only on one single aspect of his scientific activities, capillary electrochromatography. He was a visionary, recognizing the ...

The E462R mutation in the fifth position of the AID (alpha1 subunit interaction domain) region in the I-II linker is known to significantly accelerate voltage-dependent inactivation (VDI) kinetics of the L-type CaV1.2 channel, suggesting that the AID region could participate in a hinged-lid type inactivation mechanism in these channels. The ...

Autism is currently diagnosed, in part at least, on the basis of problems in imagination. The article reviews the empirical evidence of difficulties in pretend play in autism, and focuses in particular on individuals' ability to engage in pretence in free play conditions, to produce pretence in more structured situations, ...

Given recent advances in phasing methods, those new to protein crystallography may be forgiven for asking 'what problem?'. As many of those attending the CCP4 meeting come from a biological background, struggling with expression and crystallization, this introductory paper aims to introduce some of the basics that will hopefully make ...

We report a study of the B meson decays, B+ --> J/psiphiK+, B0 --> J/psiphiK(0)(S), B0 --> J/psiphi, B0 --> J/psieta, and B0 --> J/psieta' using 56 x 10(6) B(-)B events collected at the Upsilon(4S) resonance with the BABAR detector at the PEP-II e(+)e(-) asymmetric-energy storage ring. We measure the ...

The black-footed ferret (Mustela nigripes) of North America is critically endangered due in part to its extreme specialization on formerly stable and abundant prairie dogs (Cynomys). Its close relative, the Siberian polecat (M. eversmannii) seems to have been subjected to a varying environment that was not conductive to specialization. One ...

Seafloor photography from three cruises is combined with multibeam sonar imagery to characterize benthic substrates and associated fauna of Santa Monica Bay, California. The multibeam EM1000 imagery was collected in 1996. Two sampling cruises (in 1998 and 1999) provided photographs at 142 sites throughout the Bay; a final cruise (in ...

Phytochemical investigation of the roots and aerial parts of Andrographis paniculata Nees yielded a new flavone, 5-hydroxy-7,2',6'-trimethoxyflavone and an unusual 23-carbon terpenoid, 14-deoxy-15-isopropylidene-11,12-didehydroandrographolide together with five known flavonoids and four known diterpenoids. The structures of these compounds were determined on the basis of spectral and chemical studies.

The overinterpretation of EEGs is a known problem that has not been reported specifically. The authors report a series of EEGs on patients who were diagnosed eventually with psychogenic nonepileptic seizures and who had an EEG read as epileptiform. Of the 15 actual records available for review, the overread patterns ...

A Directive of the European Union was first published in 2000, which dealt with telemedicine as part of its provisions. This E-Commerce Directive, as it became known, was subjected to further study which revealed some problems relative to the practice of telemedicine. Among the subjects discussed in this paper are ...

We extend the theory of knowledge structures by taking into account information about the skills a subject has. In the first part of the paper we exhibit some structural properties of the skill-problem relationship and consequences for the interpretation of concurrent theories in terms of the skill theory. The second ...

Lysenkoism gained favour in the Soviet Union during the 1930s and 1940s, replacing mendelian genetics. Opponents of Lysenko were dismissed from their jobs, imprisoned and, not infrequently, died. After World War II in some of the East European Soviet satellite states, Lysenkoism became the official genetics supported by the communist ...

Recent economic and political advances in developing countries on the African continent and South East Asia are threatened by the rising death and morbidity rates of HIV/AIDS. In the first part of this paper we explain the reasons for the absence of affordable access to essential AIDS medication. In the ...

Hypnosis is not normally accessible to patients living in remote areas. We conducted a pilot study to evaluate the feasibility of providing hypnosis via videoconferencing, using ISDN at 384 kbit/s. Eleven of 15 patients invited to do so took part. Ten of the 11 stated that they were satisfied with ...

This is the second part of a two-part review on motion problems after ligament injuries to the knee. The first part, published in the September/October 2001 issue, discussed normal and abnormal knee motion, terminology, risk factors, and pathoanatomy. The purpose of this article is to review current concepts on prevention ...

China banned the use of technical HCH (BHC: 1,2,3,4,5,6-hexachlorocyclohexane) in 1983; lindane has been used in this country since 1991. The total production was around 4 million t for technical HCH from 1952 to 1984, and 11,400 t for lindane between 1991 and 2000. Though the total produced technical HCH ...

Six 3-substituted 3',4'-di-O-(S)-camphanoyl-(+)-cis-khellactone derivatives (3-8) were synthesized from 3-methyl DCK (2). 3-Hydroxymethyl DCK (6) exhibited potent anti-HIV activity in H9 lymphocytes with EC(50) and TI values of 1.87 x 10(-4) microM and 1.89 x 10(5), respectively. These values are similar to those of DCK and better than those of AZT ...