The usefulness of utility assessment as a method for revealing individual patients' desires is limited by two methodological problems. Different utility assessment methods can yield inconsistent results, both within a single clinical context and in different contexts; and the methods may not reflect universal rules that a patient may wish ...

Rapidly recurring right pleural effusion was a disabling clinical problem in a 51-year-old woman with alcoholic cirrhosis that had not been relieved by diuretic therapy or a LeVeen shunt. By injecting technetium Tc 99m albumin aggregated into the peritoneal cavity, shunt patency and rapid flow into the pleural effusion were ...

The effects of overfeeding, calcium-phosphorus imbalance, misuse of supplements and false advertising on equine nutrition are discussed. Overfeeding is known to cause disorders in several species but, although a similar relationship has been suggested on clinical evidence, no controlled trials on horses have been reported. It has also been suggested ...

Nonprotein neurotoxins are continuing to play a major role as molecular probes in studying nervous processes. They also have clinical importance as some of them, such as saxitoxin and its analogues, are the source of public health problems, or have potential use in therapy. This review covers clinical, biological, pharmacological, ...

An eating pattern consisting of gorging, alternating with dieting and purging is identified as a clinical problem in patients of normal weight, in the obese, and in patients with anorexia nervosa. The clinical reports have used a variety of names for this problem, and this has obscured the similarity between ...

The practicing community oncologist has limited time and opportunity to participate in clinical trials of new cancer therapy. However, the majority of patients treated are seen in the community setting that there is increasing interest in getting community oncologists involved in these trials. This paper outlines a currently active program ...

A major problem for computer-aided diagnosis systems, particularly those designed for on-line use in clinical settings, is that their operation may be obtrusive or unacceptable within established clinical routine. Criteria for a general approach to the design of the on-line aids in clinical decision-making are presented. An interpreter is described ...

Presented clinical psychologists (N = 400) with statements of female client attributions for presenting problems with locus of causality varied. Clinicians' judgments of clients were investigated through their evaluations of the accuracy of these attributions. While clinician did not differ in estimate of accuracy based on whether attribution were internal ...

Single animals in a herd that react serologically to Brucella abortus for no apparent reason are a problem. A number of such reactors from Ontario and Quebec were gathered for extensive clinical, serological, pathological and bacteriological examination in an attempt to investigate the etiology of these single serological reactions. While ...

An interpretive algorithm for biochemical profiles showing an elevated serum bilirubin concentration has been evaluated, modified, and retested in a retrospective clinical study, and is now being used at Charity Hospital in New Orleans to aid in the generation of interpretive comments to accompany the laboratory report. Further attempts to ...

Psychogenic cough tic is a troublesome complaint. The cough is a noisy bark or honking, repeated frequently while the child is awake, but absent during sleep. Clinical and laboratory findings are negative, and cough suppressants and other medications are ineffective. The cough usually starts in the winter months and may ...

This article describes certain theoretical and clinical problems commonly met with during the psychoanalytic treatment of adult homosexual patients. Difficulties discussed are selected out of extensive clinical experience and are described under several headings: general problems, such as selection of patients, motivation for seeking therapy, problems at the outset; the ...

Analysis of these results shows that complete hard tissue bridges, aside from occurring with great frequency, produce a satisfactory protection to the pulp. In a case in which the barrier is incomplete, some future clinical problems may result as an incomplete barrier does not offer adequate protection as shown by ...

In clinical routine EOG we are dealing with a base line or lightinsensitive potential and a lightsensitive potential, the latter consisting of at least two different oscillations, a fast negative and a slow positive one. Any judgement of EOG without referring to the absolute level of the baseline is an ...

Despite their long history, the number that are in operation now, and the current level of expenditures on them, clinical trials have not been the focus of sufficient methodologic research. The paucity of metholologic explorations is further aggravated by the constraints on communications regarding methodology. Those individuals working in the ...

A comparative clinical trial will often lead to the conclusion that one regimen is clearly better than another. Should the estimated difference in the regimens be large and precisely determined, continuation of the trial would constitute abuse of the participants. Some earlier proposals for ethical decision making on continuing a ...

The Continaid pelvic floor stimulating electrode is useful in reception of electromyographic signals, a use for which the device was not originally conceived. I believe there is money to be saved and some clinical problems can be avoided when this plug is substituted for some others now in clinical use.

Intrarectal dermoid is a rare clinical problem, mostly occurring in women. Though it is presumed that anterior rectal dermoids arise in the ovary and erode into the retum, up to date there has been no substantial evidence for this. A 26-year-old woman is described who presented to us with an ...

Sovient psychologists who are working in clinics and psychiatric dispensaries call themselves "pathopsychologists," and they are, at present, in a rather difficult position. This paper will attempt to outline the position of clinical psychologists in the Soviet Union (USSR) and the nature of their problems and, also, to give an ...

Improvements in surgical techniques and prosthetic devices and the establishment of prosthetic clinics have altered the outlook for the amputee. A cooperative effect on the part of professionals looking after amputee patients, as carried out in these clinics, offers the best means of recognition and treatment of difficulties as they ...

A case of need is made out for the general introduction into district clinical chemistry departments of the existing experimental grade of laboratory aide or assistant. Subject to direct supervision by qualified personnel the aide has a useful role to fulfil. Important advantages to staff and patients accrue from the ...

Presbycusis is a progressive sensorineural hearing loss varying with age and affecting first the higher frequencies. The physical and social handicap is not fully appreciated by most people with normal hearing. Difficulties in diagnosis exist because of co-existing sensorineural hearing loss in older people. Audiometry provides an excellent means of ...

The influence of information factors on the follow-up of patient problems was studied in six ambulatory clinics providing primary patient care. By means of chart review, the encounter notes were examined for two consecutive visits to the same clinic to determine problems identified at the first visit and detect evidence ...

The author performs an examination of the concept of pathocenosis, diseases of groups, and the consequences of the continually increasing unification of microbial populations on a world level. Then the current problems of veterinary assistance on intensive farms are examined and discussed with particular reference to the clinical and control ...

An attempt has been made in this paper to review the clinical problem of the effects of tobacco smoking on oral and dental tissues. Clinicians are alerted to the magnitude of the problem and to its serious sequelae. An appeal is made for clinicians to disseminate preventive information, to exercise ...

Infertility remains a difficult clinical problem but with only a small amount of effort most clinics can improve facilities and streamline investigations. Lack of continuity remains one of the most trying problems for both patient and clinician. Reasonable time limits limits must be placed on investigations and the idea of ...

Most attempts to measure clinical competence start by modeling the clinician's problem-solving process. The conflicting data from studies built around this approach suggest the need for rethinking the underlying concepts. Presented is a conceptual framework for clinical competence which is a natural expansion of earlier approaches. The framework is based ...

The vasoconstriction caused by four topical corticosteroid preparations was compared according to subjective ranking and according to measurement by a tristimulus colourimeter (Momcolor). The measured results agreed well with visual evaluation. The colourimeter was proved to be measuring the degree of vasoconstriction. Among the preparations examined, the vasoconstriction effected by ...

A chart is proposed as an aid to assist students and practitioners to correlate clinical information and arrive at an accurate endodontic diagnosis. A brief description of current displays, the clinical examination, and an endodontic disease classification is given. A discussion and examples of how to use the chart are ...

Deposits on hydrophilic lenses are classified as to appearance and etiology. One readily identifiable type results from using nondistilled water to ascepticize the lens while another is the result of tear film components not properly cleaned off the lens. Clinical inspection can differentiate the types and aid in preventing reocurrence.

Seven women spent an average of 127 days in hospital and were extensively investigated, including a laparotomy, before their complaints of abdominal pain, diarrhoea, and weight loss were shown to be due to excessive taking of laxatives. All denied taking laxatives and in none were the characteristic features of the ...

Non-anemic women attending a public antenatal clinic were given, daily, a multivitamin tablet containing 78 mg. of elemental iron. The follow-up studies included an analysis of their diets. A total of 311 patients were included, of which one group received a supplement of 0.5 mg. folic acid and 0.005 mg. ...