BACKGROUND: This study describes the extent to which commercial sex workers (CSW) in Cebu City, Philippines perceive prophylactic antibiotic use to be an effective form of prevention for sexually transmitted diseases (STD) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), as well as the prevalence of this self-treatment practice. METHODS: A survey instrument ...

Scales were developed to measure the tendencies to blame AIDS victims or the society in which victims live. Data from a sample of 874 students were used to examine the construct validity and reliability of the scales. The list-wise deletion reduced the sample size to the usable sample size of ...

Explored the use of cluster analysis to characterize the development of intuitive theories of HIV transmission and examined relationships between children's theories and their attitudes regarding AIDS. In Study 1, analyses of interviews with 188 children and adolescents led to the identification of three relatively immature theories (undifferentiated thinking in ...

This study describes an approach to the analysis of data that is designed to isolate program effects for evaluations and applies that approach to a program in Zambia designed to disseminate AIDS information. Evidence is considered that a radio drama broadcast for nine months had an impact on knowledge and ...

The juxtaposition of pleasure and danger has engaged many feminist theorists and researchers in the field of sexuality. This article presents a theoretical analysis of the ambiguous and complex relationship between 'pleasure', 'danger' and contemporary feminist theory. In doing so, it offers an understanding of the ways in which the ...

Theatre is now widely used in HIV and AIDS education for young people. However, research concerning its effectiveness has largely been conducted without using comparison or control groups and there is little evidence that other types of intervention are more or less effective. The present study was designed to measure ...

An AIDS-related knowledge study was carried out on a sample of 462 high secondary school teachers and students, in Kassala, eastern Sudan. The results showed high scores of knowledge about AIDS-transmission and general knowledge about the disease. However, there was a high frequency of AIDS-related misconceptions, especially among females and ...

Knowledge of AIDS, attitudes toward AIDS and condoms, and behavioral changes because of AIDS were studied in 771 students, Grades 9-12 (mean age, 16 years) who completed anonymous questionnaires in gym classes of a New York City high school. Students demonstrated good knowledge of AIDS, with some misconceptions, and significant ...

Throughout the first decade of AIDS, certain populations have been disproportionately affected by its spread, particularly men, blacks, Hispanics, and the young. Just as there are population differences in the spread of the disease, there are differences in knowledge about the disease as well. This article applies the knowledge gap ...

Third, fifth, and seventh graders, most of them Mexican-American, were exposed to an empirically based and culturally sensitive AIDS curriculum designed to replace their intuitive theories with a coherent, scientific account of the causal processes that lead from risk behavior to AIDS symptomatology. Compared to students in control classes, experimental ...

The Johns Hopkins University HAPA Support Program (HSP) provided technical assistance to Save the Children (SC), a U.S.-based nongovernmental organization, to conduct a survey of knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, and practices (KABP) related to AIDS among rural Zimbabweans. The objectives of the HSP technical assistance were to field test a rapid ...

In developing countries with a high prevalence of individuals co-infected by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and tuberculosis (TB), urgent public health measures should be implemented to prevent the spread of both diseases. This study was performed by a combined acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)-TB health team with the following aims: ...

The goal of the current study was to collect preliminary data regarding HIV/AIDS awareness among Indian students who are residing in India and those who have migrated to the United States. A questionnaire was distributed to thirty-four college students in the United States and thirty-eight college students who are residing ...

The study is aimed to assess the existing level of knowledge of school children of 9th and 10th classes about Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). Three high schools in an urban area and three in the villages of a district of North India were included in the study. A pretested ...

"AIDS Awareness Is Love Awareness." It's a message Massachusetts health officials and AIDS educators hope will reach the state's Black male community, a group that is seeing its rate of HIV infection rise at alarming rates. The campaign is aimed exclusively at Black men, and health officials say it comes ...

In-depth interviews with 56 urban women in Botswana revealed high levels of AIDS awareness and high reliance on mass media information. Many of the women expressed confusion about AIDS as an illness, that is, its symptoms and the latent period. Nearly all of the women were aware that the virus ...

A total of 233 students of nursing school affiliated to a major hospital of Delhi were surveyed anonymously employing a predesigned, pretested and self-administered questionnaire. Although, 78.6 per cent students knew that AIDS stands for "Acquired Immuno-deficiency Syndrome," 15.5 per cent students were unaware of the fact that AIDS had ...

Mexican pharmacies play an important adjunct health care role in sexually transmitted disease prevention and treatment. In light of the rapid spread of the AIDS pandemic, research was initiated in 1989 to investigate the feasibility of pharmacies assisting in AIDS and STD prevention and control through community education and condom ...

To understand preferred sources of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) information and level of worry about human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) among community college students, a survey of 102 students in an inner-city community college was conducted. The survey requested information on preferred sources of information about AIDS, risk behaviors, and level ...

The history of AIDS education for college students in the U.S. is reviewed. Wide agreement concerning the goals and overall content of the AIDS-education curriculum is found. However, the context and location of AIDS education within the curriculum vary considerably. Increased knowledge about AIDS is a frequent outcome, but improvements ...

The study was designed to evaluate the impact of education on AIDS knowledge among prison inmates in Maputo, Mozambique. A 6-month follow-up study was carried out in 1993 among 300 prisoners. A knowledge, attitudes, and practices questionnaire regarding AIDS and STD was administered to each subject as part of the ...

A survey of 307 Sierra Leonean adolescents between the ages of thirteen and nineteen was assessed to determine their sexual and AIDS-related knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors. Results indicate high sexual activity rates among the sampled group; 89 percent of the males and 68 percent of the females had engaged in ...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the success of efforts to educate youth not only to use prescription contraceptives to avoid pregnancy, but also to use condoms to avoid sexually transmitted diseases, including infection with the human immunodeficiency virus. METHODS: Longitudinal study of 383 African-American youth aged 9 to 15 years enrolled in ...

With growing numbers of reported HIV cases in The People's Republic of China, PRC health officials face the same information dissemination problems that have plagued other nations for a decade. The purpose of this study was to begin to understand Chinese college students' knowledge, attitudes and beliefs about HIV/AIDS as ...

This study examines the differential impact that images in magazine advertising suggestive of either homosexuality or heterosexuality have on attitude toward the ad. Results support the hypothesis that homosexual imagery in advertising led to more positive attitude toward the ad among viewers more tolerant of homosexuality than among those less ...

The objectives of this study were to measure changes in AIDS-related attitudes and behaviors in adolescents in the 13 months following Magic Johnson's disclosure that he was HIV positive, and to test whether gender, race, age, sexual experience, and pre-existing HIV-avoidant behaviors would emerge as significant dependent variables. Adolescent clinic ...

This study explored which of two modes of access to a biomedical database better supported problem solving in bacteriology. Boolean access, which allowed subjects to frame their queries as combinations of keywords, was compared to hypertext access, which allowed subjects to navigate from one database node to another. The accessible ...

A study was carried out in a slum area of South Calcutta to assess the impact of the current mass education programme against AIDS. Two hundred and six residents, mainly of lower middle class, aged 18-60 years of both sexes were selected at random. They were interviewed to know their ...

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of an age-specific AIDS education program on HIV/AIDS knowledge, perceived susceptibility to AIDS, and perceived severity of AIDS in older adults. The health belief model served as a framework. The age-specific AIDS education program was developed based on a knowledge, ...

OBJECTIVE: To assess Arizona pharmacists' attitudes and knowledge regarding HIV infection and AIDS. METHODS: Mailing of a 7-page survey, which included demographic and attitudinal items, as well as preparedness, comfort, and knowledge scales. SETTING: Randomly selected pharmacists registered and residing in Arizona. PARTICIPANTS: Of the 479 pharmacists surveyed, 41 were ...

This study aimed to determine knowledge about, attitudes to and practices associated with AIDS among sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinic attenders in the Cape Peninsula. A questionnaire containing open and closed questions in the appropriate language (English, Afrikaans or Xhosa) was administered by trained clinic staff to 306 patients in ...

A school-based AIDS-prevention program for junior high school students was developed and implemented in an inner-city area in northern California that serves predominantly African-American and Asian students. The curriculum, taught by science teachers, consisted of twelve classroom sessions using both didactic and interactive exercises covering sex education, HIV biology, drug ...

This study investigated the association of religiosity with sexuality and AIDS knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, and practices of 1,817 black first-year students in South Africa. On a structured questionnaire, consenting students rated themselves on scales of religiosity, attitudes toward homosexuality, intrafamilial communication about contraception, AIDS attitudes, and AIDS knowledge. Negative attitudes ...

In 1991, the source of public sector condom supplies in an African country changed from USAID to WHO. Following a complaint, the two types of condoms were sampled and compared. Laboratory tests indicated that the new-style condoms were of adequate quality, but a number of differences were noted between the ...

Twelfth graders in a small southern city participated in one of three interventions: a question and answer (QA) session, a presentation by a person with AIDS (PWA), or a role-play activity (RP). A pre-intervention questionnaire assessed AIDS-related knowledge and attitudes. Immediate post-intervention questionnaires assessed knowledge and the intervention itself, and, ...

This study investigated concern about HIV infection, knowledge about HIV/AIDS, and mode of transmission on willingness to work with and sympathy expressed towards a coworker with AIDS. 120 undergraduate students were randomly assigned to one of 12 groups in a 3 x 4 between-subjects design. Subjects viewed one of three ...

A descriptive survey to identify routes of spread of HIV infection from urban to rural populations was carried out in a rural south-central Ethiopian district. High risk practices for HIV infection and transmission were first documented among rural residing former soldiers, merchants and students. Extramarital intercourse during the previous 3 ...

AIDS poses a particularly serious threat to African-American women who are or have been intravenous drug users. This study evaluated relationships among AIDS knowledge, perceptions of chances of contracting AIDS, and high-risk AIDS behaviors in 102 low-income African-American women from four methadone-maintenance clinics in Baltimore, who volunteered to answer questions ...

A survey was carried out to assess community attitude towards provision of home care for persons with AIDS in an urban community in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia in June and July 1993. Of the 530 people interviewed, 455 (86%) had heard about AIDS and the majority of these had a correct ...

In a study of knowledge and beliefs about human immunodeficiency virus among older persons, 458 senior center participants completed a questionnaire derived from the Health Belief Model. The older adults had a fairly good knowledge base about acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Although they recognized the seriousness of the disease, they ...

This analysis examines knowledge of HIV and AIDS among 71,370 persons interviewed in a national sample of the U.S. population. Factor analysis of 26 questions about HIV infection and AIDS identified four distinct dimensions of AIDS knowledge: 1) transmission mechanisms; 2) commonly known nontechnical information; 3) definitions of AIDS; and ...

A knowledge, attitude and practice survey of acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) was conducted among 805 paramedics at a tertiary care hospital in Islamabad in mid 1993. The mean age of the study population was 29.0 +/- 7.2 years and 59% were males. Almost 25% individuals either had no or ...

Prevention of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) among adolescents is increasingly recognized as an important public health priority. Sexual risk acts associated with HIV/AIDS transmission (unprotected sexual intercourse with multiple partners of unknown serostatus) are typically initiated by late adolescence, with many youths engaging in sexual ...

Nursing students are being identified as a potential risk group for the AIDS spread. Awareness regarding AIDS in this group is crucial for AIDS management and prevention. This cross-sectional study was planned and carried out to assess the awareness of nursing students regarding AIDS and to identify the areas of ...

Condom promotion has been intensified in Thailand to prevent the spread of HIV. A water soluble lubricant (WSL) could be used to alleviate many unpleasant side effects of frequent condom use experienced by sex workers and their clients. This study was conducted to determine the efficacy of WSL use in ...

The authors studied changes in personal concerns and fears about AIDS and homophobia from 1985 to 1992 among four samples of heterosexual undergraduate students on a university campus. Over time, students' self-reported knowledge about AIDS increased, as did personal worry about HIV infection. Interest in attending an educational program increased ...

Two hundred thirteen teachers of one secondary and four primary schools of East Delhi were interviewed to assess their knowledge and attitudes about AIDS and their opinions regarding school based AIDS education. Observations revealed that majority of the teachers were aware of various aspects of HIV/AIDS. However, they also had ...

A self-completion questionnaire was used to survey HIV-preventive cognitions among secondary school students in Kabarole district, Uganda. An encouraging pattern of HIV-preventive beliefs was observed, suggesting that health education efforts have been effective in establishing basic transmission knowledge, accurate risk perception and an understanding of effective precautions. Further analysis explored ...

The purpose of this study was to investigate the sexual behaviors of college students and assess the extent to which they were engaging in behaviors that have a risk for contracting AIDS. A total of 132 single sexually active students and 58 married students responded to a survey on their ...

OBJECTIVE: The main purpose of this study was to gain information on the knowledge that people living in squatter conditions have about AIDS, their attitude towards this disease and their sexual practices. METHOD: The study had two parts, in-depth interviews and a survey. The in-depth interviews were held with 68 ...