BACKGROUND: Numerous agents are available for moderate sedation in endoscopy. OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to compare efficacy, safety, and efficiency of agents used for moderate sedation in EGD or colonoscopy. DESIGN: Systematic review of computerized bibliographic databases for randomized trials of moderate sedation that compared 2 active regimens or 1 ...

BACKGROUND: The GlideScope videolaryngoscope allows equal or superior glottic visualization compared with direct laryngoscopy, but predictive features for difficult GlideScope intubation have not been identified. We undertook this prospective study to identify patient characteristics associated with difficult GlideScope intubation. METHODS: Demographic and morphometric factors were recorded preoperatively for 400 patients ...

The impact of anaesthesia using target-controlled infusion with propofol on intraoperative stability, recovery and cost compared to manually controlled infusion has been evaluated with inconsistent results. We studied a new device that allows more individual titration of propofol target-controlled infusion by using the effect-site concentration at the loss of eyelash ...

BACKGROUND: In a randomised, prospective multi-centre study, we compared the intraoperative and postoperative effects of two opioids: sufentanil and remifentanil, in combination with propofol in two groups of patients undergoing neurosurgery. METHODS: After Local Ethics Committee approval and informed consent obtaining, 69 patients undergoing neurosurgery for supratentorial tumours, between 18 ...

OBJECTIVE: To examine the association between the duration of anaesthesia and non-urological complication (NUC) rates after surgery, as the increasing complexity of minimally invasive and laparoscopic procedures in urology has resulted in longer surgery and anaesthesia, and information on the effect of this on NUC rates is limited. PATIENTS AND ...

To identify the entropy levels that would correspond to bispectral index (BIS) levels in general anesthesia (GA) induction in patients who will undergo elective lumbar disc surgery (LDS). Thirty cases who underwent LDS under GA were included in our study after obtaining patient consent and approval of the Ethics Committee ...

Laparoscopic abdominal surgery is conventionally done under general anesthesia. Spinal anesthesia is usually preferred in patients where general anesthesia is contraindicated. We present our experience using spinal anesthesia as the first choice for laparoscopic surgery for over 11 years with the contention that it is a good alterative to anesthesia. ...

OBJECTIVE: To compare the effects of fentanyl or remifentanil in combination with midazolam on hemodynamic parameters, pain, and satisfaction profile in cataract surgery. METHODS: This randomized, double blind, prospective study was conducted between 10 and 20th July 2005 at Kudret Eye Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. Patients scheduled for cataract surgery by ...

Delayed emergence from anaesthesia and neurological disturbances have been reported in patients undergoing parathyroidectomy who received methylene blue (MB) pre-operatively. We hypothesised that MB would decrease propofol requirements. The Bispectral index (BIS) and a target-controlled infusion of propofol were used in two groups of 11 matched patients. Patients in one ...

OBJECTIVE: To compare the safety and patient-reported effectiveness of two regimens for conscious sedation during enteroclysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We surveyed two groups of outpatients and retrospectively reviewed procedure records for conscious sedation and complications. Patients were divided into Group One (received sedative/amnesic diazepam), and Group Two, (received amnesic/sedative, midazolam ...

BACKGROUND: This randomized, double-blind, prospective study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of magnesium sulphate on anaesthetic requirements and postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing total i.v. anaesthesia (TIVA). METHODS: Fifty patients who underwent gynaecological surgery were randomly divided into two groups. Before induction of anaesthesia, the magnesium group (Group M) ...

OBJECTIVES: Minimally invasive parathyroidectomy (MIP) is generally performed under general anesthesia. This study evaluates the efficacy and safety of MIP performed under intravenous sedation with local anesthesia. STUDY DESIGN: Historical cohort study. SUBJECTS: One hundred eighty-six consecutive patients undergoing MIP using sedation with local anesthesia. METHODS: Two different targeted approaches ...

BACKGROUND: Pediatric patients undergoing anorectal manometry require ketamine anesthesia as other anesthetic agents affect the anorectal sphincter tone. The aim of this prospective observational audit was to evaluate our practice and report the occurrence of adverse events and behavioral reactions related to the use of ketamine, propofol, and midazolam combinations. ...

BACKGROUND: Tracheal intubation is a foremost cause of trauma to the airway mucosa, resulting in postoperative sore throat (POST) with reported incidences of 21-65%. We compared the effectiveness of ketamine gargles with placebo in preventing POST after endotracheal intubation. METHODS: Forty-six, ASA I-II, patients undergoing elective surgery for septorhinoplasty under ...

OBJECTIVE: To compare the incidence of laryngospasm by using halothane-fentanyl anaesthesia and midazolam-remifentanil anaesthesia in paediatric patients undergoing eye surgery. METHODS: We enrolled 120 ASA physical status I children aged 7-12 years scheduled for eye surgery from March 2004 to February 2006 in this prospective clinical trial study. Children suffering ...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: A randomized and prospective study was performed to compare anaesthetic characteristics and stress hormone responses of two anaesthetic techniques. METHODS: Forty-two patients undergoing day case excisional biopsy of breast mass were randomly assigned to receive propofol-remifentanil or sevoflurane-N2O. Anaesthesia was induced and maintained either with sevoflurane and ...

BACKGROUND: It is not known whether the choice of topical anaesthetic influences the likelihood of successful i.v. cannulation in the paediatric population. The null hypothesis of this study was that no difference exists in the initial success rate of cannulation between two commonly used topical anaesthetics. METHODS: A randomized double-blind ...

The aim of this study is the evaluation preparation and discharge times as well as the side-effects, patient satisfaction and costs after out-patient knee arthroscopy performed with a combined sciatic-femoral nerve block or a propofol-remifentanil, propofol-alfentanil general anesthetics. Sixty patients, (remifentanil group 1, n = 20), (alfentanil group 2, n ...

BACKGROUND: There is a continuing trend to have more elective surgery performed on an outpatient basis. OBJECTIVE: To determine anesthetic profiles and adverse events in practice of ambulatory anesthesia for elective surgery in different levels of hospitals across Thailand. MATERIAL AND METHOD: A prospective descriptive study was conducted in 20 ...

To determine the incidence of anesthesia-related complications in children undergoing radiotherapy and the associated risk factors. We retrospectively investigated the incidence and types of anesthesia-related complications and examined their association with age, weight, oncology diagnosis, type of anesthetic (propofol vs. propofol and adjuncts), total propofol dose, anesthetic duration, type of ...

BACKGROUND: Post-anaesthetic shivering is one of the most common complications, occurring in 5-65% of patients recovering from general anaesthesia and 33% of patients receiving epidural anaesthesia. Our objective was to investigate the efficacy of intraoperative dexmedetomidine infusion on postoperative shivering. METHODS: Ninety female patients, ASA I-II, 35-60 yr old, scheduled ...

This randomized controlled double-blind trial was designed to compare the presence of Airway-Circulatory Reflexes to tracheal extubation in groups administering IV alfentanil or lidocaine, in 150 patients undergoing cesarean surgery receiving a standardized anesthetic protocol. At the end of surgery, after return of spontaneous ventilation, patients received either alfentanil 15 ...

Laryngoscopes are the potential cause of cross-contamination between patients. A considerable way to prevent this problem is to use of disposable laryngoscope`s blades. This study was designed to evaluate laryngoscopic conditions in pediatrics with disposable and metallic Miller blades. One hundred and fifty two children scheduled for elective surgery aged ...

While age increases, some procedures such as cataract are needed to be done as outpatient. Anesthesia should be such that the turn over of discharge is rapid. The objective of this study is to change recovery discharge method in elderly undergoing cataract surgery by TIVA in our hospital. Nightly patients ...

Shivering during spinal anesthesia in obstetric patients is one of the leading causes of discomfort for those patients. Tramadol is effective in the prevention and treatment of shivering after general anesthesia. The aim of this placebo-controlled study, was to investigate whether 1 mg kg<SUP>-1</SUP> tramadol i.v. administered after spinal anesthesia ...

<p>The main purpose of this study was to assess the effect of intramuscular midazolam on postoperative pain and to test our hypothesis that the patients are more comfortable and suffering less pain after operation. Eighty male patients with ASA class (I, II), aged 15-60 years whom were scheduled for elective ...

This prospective, randomized, double blind, placebo controlled study was designed to examine the safety and impact of extended esmolol infusion on plasma choline esterase (PChE) activity and mivacurium neuromuscular blockade and cardiovascular profile. Forty adult ASA I/II adult patients undergoing elective endo-urological surgery were included. Patients were randomly assigned to ...

Antihistamines are used frequently in adult and pediatric patients as first-line treatment for both allergic rhinitis and urticaria. There are several different antihistamines on the market, generally divided into first- and second-generation products. Although many of these show efficacy, there are significant differences in the side effect profiles of these ...

The insertion of a laryngeal mask airway (LMA) may result in postoperative sore throat. The choice of induction drug on airway morbidity after LMA insertion may be important. We performed this study to compare the incidence of postoperative pharyngeal morbidity after the insertion of a LMA in 340 patients administered ...

Dexmedetomidine is being used off-label as an adjunctive agent for sedation and analgesia in pediatric patients in the critical care unit and for sedation during non-invasive procedures in radiology. It also has a potential role as part of anesthesia care to prevent emergence delirium and postanesthesia shivering. Dexmedetomidine is currently ...

PURPOSE: To compare the morbidity of general anesthesia versus periocular anesthesia with monitored intravenous sedation for enucleation of the eye. METHODS: A retrospective study of 39 patients who underwent enucleation. RESULTS: For anesthesia during enucleation, 21 patients received periocular anesthesia with monitored intravenous sedation and 18 patients received general anesthesia. ...

Falls are a major problem in the elderly population, but few communications address the influence of anesthesia on balance control. This study reports how a general balanced anesthesia (GBA) and a spinal anesthesia (SA) affect balance control in the elderly. We divided into three groups, according to electronystagmography findings and ...

AIMS: Primary: to determine the safety and efficacy of intravenous sedation for cardiac procedures administered by non-anesthesia personnel. Secondary: to assess cost effectiveness of such sedation. METHODS: Anesthesiologists trained non-anesthesia personnel, and established our sedation protocol, which was then used in 9,558 patients who had cardiac procedures with sedation by ...

INTRODUCTION: The quality of electronic anesthesia documentation is important for downstream communication and to demonstrate appropriate diligence to care. Documentation quality will also impact the success of reimbursement contracts that require timely and complete documentation of specific interventions. We implemented a system to improve completeness of clinical documentation and evaluated ...

Dexmedetomidine is an alpha2-agonist anesthetic with several properties that are advantageous in aesthetic facial surgery. By attenuating sympathetic nervous system activity, it induces sedation and analgesia while lowering blood pressure and preventing pain-induced hemodynamic fluctuations. It spares the respiratory drive and decreases the need for supplemental oxygen, thus reducing the ...

BACKGROUND: The thyroid gland is one of the most vascular organs in the body and surgical resection mandates meticulous surgical technique and hemostasis. The aim of this study was to assess the safety and efficacy of the electrothermal bipolar vessel sealing system in permitting ambulatory thyroid surgery under local anesthesia. ...

A PAXpress (Vital Signs Inc., Barnham, UK) airway device was placed in 50 adult ASA grade I and II patients undergoing elective surgery under general anaesthesia. The alignment of the PAXpress to the larynx was scored fibreoptically. The patients were then intubated blindly through the PAXpress and the adjusting manoeuvres ...

BACKGROUND: Patient-controlled sedation (PCS) with propofol has been used successfully in various conditions, but controversies exist about its use in sedation of elderly patients for cataract surgery. This study evaluates the efficacy of anaesthetic nurse-controlled sedation (ACS) compared with PCS using the same device and the drug. METHODS: All of ...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of sedation with morphine and midazolam (M&M) versus propofol on gastric emptying in critically ill patients. DESIGN: Descriptive study. SETTING: Mixed medical and surgical intensive care unit. PATIENTS: Thirty-six unselected, mechanically ventilated, critically ill patients. INTERVENTIONS: Gastric scintigraphic data were analysed retrospectively according to whether ...

Seventy-two patients undergoing routine surgical procedures under propofol-remifentanil anaesthesia were randomly assigned to receive either standard clinical practice (n = 35) or standard practice plus monitoring of depth of anaesthesia with M-Entropy (n = 37). Patients in the standard practice group received more propofol than the entropy group (mean (SD) ...

BACKGROUND: Physiotherapists sometimes use elective surgical procedures for children with cystic fibrosis as an opportunity to perform physiotherapy treatments during anesthesia. These treatments theoretically facilitate direct endotracheal airway clearance and compensate for any post-operative respiratory deterioration related to the anaesthetic and surgery. MATERIALS, PATIENTS, AND METHODS: Children were randomized either ...

We performed a quantitative systematic review of randomised, controlled trials that compared remifentanil to short-acting opioids (fentanyl, alfentanil, or sufentanil) for general anaesthesia. Eighty-five trials were identified and these included a total of 13 057 patients. Intra-operatively, remifentanil was associated with clinical signs of deeper analgesia and anaesthesia, such as ...

The aim of this study was to assess the use of intranasal midazolam in paediatric dental patients requiring extractions or simple surgical procedures who may otherwise have required a general anaesthetic. Twenty children aged between 2-9 years who required simple surgical procedures were given 0.25 mg.kg(-1) midazolam, administered using a ...

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the time of onset and recovery from and the efficacy and safety of intravenous ketamine-propofol sedation for reduction of forearm fractures in the pediatric emergency department setting. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective, observational pilot study. METHODS: Children presenting to an urban pediatric emergency department requiring sedation for closed reduction ...

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to determine the safety profile of propofol as a deep-sedation agent in a primarily outpatient program consisting of pediatric critical care physicians and specifically trained nurses with oversight provided by anesthesiology. One hypothesis was investigated: adverse events and/or airway interventions are more likely ...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The flexible laryngeal mask airway has been mostly used in spontaneous ventilated children during short procedures to avoid the risk of kinking; little information has been reported about its airway morbidity. The aim of the study was to compare this airway device with the reinforced tracheal tube ...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: No consensus exists for the safest and most effective agent and for optimal drug doses for sedation during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). We aimed to compare the efficacy of midazolam with that of midazolam+meperidine, which provided comfort for the patient during ERCP. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The patients ...

We studied 45 ASA I/II children aged between 2 and 13 years scheduled for elective strabismus surgery, randomly allocated to receive either a peribulbar block or topical lidocaine 2% combined with general anaesthesia, or general anaesthesia alone. The incidence and severity of the occulocardiac reflex, the requirement for atropine, the ...

REASON FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Endoscopy of the upper airways of horses is used as a diagnostic tool and at purchase examinations. On some occasions it is necessary to use sedation during the procedure and it is often speculated that the result of the examination might be influenced due to the ...

OBJECTIVE: Intraoperative comfort and patient satisfaction during surgical procedures under regional anaesthesia can be improved with the use of supplemental intravenous sedation. The authors conducted a study to compare two sedation techniques for surgical procedures performed under regional anaesthesia, i.e., midazolam and pethidine combination compared with midazolam and tramadol combination. ...