This was a patient and assessor blinded randomised controlled trial to compare the patient and surgeon's satisfaction for retropubic tapes inserted under sedation vs spinal anaesthesia and also looking at the bladder sensation following insertion of the tape. A total of 38 patients completed the study (19 in each group). ...

Hemorrhagic shock (HS) represents an acute event with high mortality. The optimal combination of anesthetics that would prevent hemodynamic collapse and allow damage control surgery has not yet been determined. We tested the hypothesis that a combination of dissociative anesthetic ketamine with alpha2-agonist medetomidine (MK group, n=10) would provide superior ...

AIMS: First, to compare the relative effectiveness of inhalation sedation using (A) nitrous oxide and oxygen with (B) nitrous oxide, sevoflurane, and oxygen in the management of children receiving dental extractions. Secondly, to determine patient and guardian preference between the two sedation techniques. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A randomized, controlled, double-blinded, ...

The study was conducted to determine whether bolus administrations of remifentanil-propofol could provide adequate analgesia and similar patient comfort with a faster recovery profile compared with bolus administrations of fentanyl-propofol during dilatation and sharp curettage. The patients were randomized to a remifentanil group (n=36) or fentanyl group (n=36). The remifentanil ...

PURPOSE: The present study sought to determine whether premedication with oral propranolol 10 mg before hypotensive anesthesia with sodium nitroprusside could reduce reflex tachycardia, the amount of sodium nitroprusside used, and blood loss during hypotensive anesthesia for orthognathic surgery. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 60 patients undergoing bimaxillary surgery ...

This study was designed to investigate the impact of the Entropy Module and Bispectral Index (BIS) monitoring on drug consumption and recovery times compared with standard anaesthetic practice in patients undergoing orthopaedic surgery using a combination of regional and general anaesthesia as performed by an experienced anaesthesiologist. We hypothesised that ...

This clinical study compared induction time, consumed anaesthetic dose, and haemodynamic and recovery profiles when using a new type of multifunctional anaesthesia machine (Zeus) in semi-closed or closed circuit modes. Sixty female patients undergoing gynaecological surgery were randomly assigned to three groups and received desflurane anaesthesia through a semi-closed circuit ...

OBJECTIVE: To record the bispectral index (BIS) when horses moved during either halothane or sevoflurane anaesthesia and when they made volitional movements during recovery from these anaesthetics. STUDY DESIGN: Randomized prospective clinical study. ANIMALS: Twenty-five client-owned horses undergoing surgery aged 8.8 (+/- 5.3; 1-19) years (mean +/- SD; range). METHODS: ...

Background. Xenon-in-oxygen is a high density gas mixture and may improve PaO2/FiO2 ratio in morbidly obese patients uniforming distribution of ventilation during anesthesia. Methods. We compared xenon versus sevoflurane anesthesia in twenty adult morbidly obese patients (BMI > 35) candidate for roux-en-Y laparoscopic gastric bypass and assessed PaO2/FiO2 ratio at ...

BACKGROUND: The aim of this randomized clinical trial was to determine whether spinal saddle block (SSB) is superior to total intravenous anaesthesia (TIVA) in perianal surgery. METHODS: Suitable patients aged 18-75 years (American Society of Anesthesiologists grade I or II) scheduled to undergo perianal surgery were randomized to SSB (1.0 ...

CT-guided microwave coagulation is a minimally invasive surgery for patients with liver cancer. Total intravenous anesthesia with propofol and fentanyl is commonly used. The depth of anesthesia during microwave coagulation for liver cancer is still monitored by clinical signs. There are few subjective and effective indicators. This study explored the ...

The effects of hypnosis/therapeutic suggestion in connection with intravenous sedation and surgery have been described in many clinical publications; however, few randomized, controlled, and blind studies have been performed in the outpatient area. This study aimed to evaluate the use of hypnosis/therapeutic suggestion as an adjunct to intravenous (IV) sedation ...

To compare the effects of intravenous infusion of ketamine and propofol anesthesia in children undergoing strabismus surgery. Sixty pediatric patients aged 4-11 years were enrolled for the study. Patients in Group K were infused ketamine 1-3 mg/kg/hr (n = 30) and patients in Group P were infused with propofol 6-9 ...

This study examined the safety and effectiveness of the procedural sedation analgesia (PSA) technique carried out in the emergency department (ED) of a university hospital over a period of 1 year. The research was done to compare the effectiveness and efficacy of moderate sedation of fentanyl combined with either midazolam ...

Low flow anesthesia can lead to reduction of anesthetic gas and vapor consumption. Laryngeal mask airway (LMA) has proved to be an effective and safe airway device. The aim of this study is to assess the feasibility of laryngeal mask airway during controlled ventilation using low fresh gas flow (1.0 ...

The present study tested the effect of midazolam administration after sevoflurane anesthesia against emergence agitation in children in the recovery phase. A total of 60 children presenting for ophthalmic surgery under sevoflurane anesthesia were randomly placed in four groups from Group I to Group IV. Before the end of the ...

To determine whether limiting intraoperative sedation depth during spinal anesthesia for hip fracture repair in elderly patients can decrease the prevalence of postoperative delirium. We performed a double-blind, randomized controlled trial at an academic medical center of elderly patients (>or=65 years) without preoperative delirium or severe dementia who underwent hip ...

To safely perform acute intra-arterial revascularization procedures, use of sedative medications and paralytics is often necessary. During the conduct of the Interventional Management of Stroke trials (I and II), the level of sedation used periprocedurally varied. At some institutions, patients were paralyzed and intubated as part of the procedural standard ...

BACKGROUND: Desflurane at more than 1 minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) has been shown to prolong the QT interval, but it is unclear whether this is the case at lower concentrations. The aim of this study was to determine whether desflurane concentrations of <1 MAC affect tracheal intubation-induced prolongation of the ...

BACKGROUND: The use of sedation during flexible bronchoscopy (FB) is undisputed; however, the combination of benzodiazepines and opiates, although reasonable, is suggested to cause hypoventilation, particularly in patients with pre-existing respiratory failure. OBJECTIVES: To assess respiratory function during FB. METHODS: Transcutaneous PCO(2 )(PtcCO(2)), oxygen saturation, patients' tolerance, time after FB ...

This study was aimed to compare the intraoperative sedative and perioperative analgesic drug requirements and the incidences of postoperative side effects on the patients who received preoperative gabapentin or placebo. Sixty patients undergoing nasal septal or nasal sinus surgery were included. The patients received either 600 mg gabapentin (Group G) ...

BACKGROUND: The GlideScope videolaryngoscope (Verathon Medical, Bothell, WA) usually provides excellent glottic visualization, but directing an endotracheal tube through the vocal cords can be challenging. The goal of the study was to compare the dedicated Flex-It stylet (FIS, Parker Medical, Highlands Ranch, CO) with a malleable stylet, as assessed by ...

BACKGROUND/AIMS: The major goals of analgesia and sedation are to provide pain control and anxiolysis and to facilitate therapeutic and diagnostic interventions. A combination of midazolam and an opioid is usually administered to achieve sedation and analgesia during colonoscopy. However, the value of adding analgesics to sedative agents has not ...

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To compare postoperative opioid requirements in patients who received dexmedetomidine versus propofol after cardiac surgery. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. SETTING: Large, community teaching hospital that uses a fast-track cardiovascular recovery unit (CVRU) model. PATIENTS: One hundred adults who underwent coronary artery bypass graft surgery and/or valvular surgery, and ...

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To determine the difference in performance of two different auditory evoked potentials (AEP) monitors, the A-Line AEP (AAI) and the aepEX, and their indices, during general anesthesia. DESIGN: Prospective study. SETTING: Operating room at a private hospital. PATIENTS: 40 ASA physical status I and II women, aged 30 ...

OBJECTIVES: Propofol is a sedative, anesthetic, and antiepileptic agent that is frequently used in patients with refractory status epilepticus. Propofol infusion syndrome is a feared complication of propofol use, especially at high infusion rates for prolonged periods. The present study describes the use of propofol and its associated complications in ...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate recent comparative studies regarding the safety and efficacy of dexmedetomidine in adults. DATA SOURCES: Articles evaluating safety and efficacy of dexmedetomidine were identified from an English-language MEDLINE search (1996-July 2009), with a focus on data published since our previous review in 2007 to the present. MeSH terms ...

OBJECTIVE: To asses the effects of Rocuronium pretreatment on Succinylcholine induced Fasciculations and postoperative Myalgias. METHODS: A randomized double blind case control study was conducted in Department of Anaesthesia and Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Liaquat National Hospital, Karachi from October 2003 - April 2004. Sixty adults ASA I or II ...

AIM: Invasive diagnostic and therapeutic interventional radiological procedures can be painful and anxiety provoking. The combination of propofol and ketamine may minimize the need for supplemental opioid analgesics and has the potential to provide better sedation with less toxicity than either drug alone. METHODS: Seventy-two consenting ASA physical status I- ...

AIM: Invasive diagnostic and therapeutic interventional radiological procedures can be painful and anxiety provoking. The combination of propofol and ketamine may minimize the need for supplemental opioid analgesics and has the potential to provide better sedation with less toxicity than either drug alone. METHODS: Seventy-two consenting ASA physical status I- ...

We investigated whether insertion of an LMA Supreme and its use for maintenance of anaesthesia is feasible in the prone position. Forty adult patients positioned themselves prone and were given propofol until the Bispectral Index was < 50. A size-4 LMA Supreme was inserted by experienced anaesthetists. Ease of insertion, ...

There is no data concerning the use of the intraseptal anaesthesia (ISA) for single tooth extraction. The aims of this study were to compare the clinical efficacy and haemodynamic responses of the ISA with the periodontal ligament anaesthesia (PLA) for single tooth extraction. Thirty-five randomly selected healthy patients (ASA I) ...

The Wide-Awake Approach to Dupuytren's contracture involves fasciectomy under local anesthetic with epinephrine and no tourniquet. The goal of this study is to show that the Wide-Awake Approach produces equivalent outcomes to fasciectomy under general anesthetic with a tourniquet, with fewer risks to the patient. A multicenter retrospective review was ...

Inadvertent hypothermia is common during spinal anaesthesia. This study was based on the hypothesis that phenylephrine might attenuate core hypothermia by inhibiting core-to-peripheral redistribution of body heat during spinal anaesthesia. In this prospective randomized study, 20 patients who underwent elective orthopaedic surgery under spinal anaesthesia were randomly assigned to receive ...

We aimed to determine if using the EndoFlex tracheal tube on the first intubation attempt provided improved placement times and intubation success compared with a standard-type tracheal tube in 50 patients undergoing gynaecological surgery in a prospective, randomised, cross-over trial. We found that using the EndoFlex resulted in shorter intubation ...

BACKGROUND: Differences in dental treatment under general anesthesia (GA) in healthy and disabled children are rarely reported. This retrospective study evaluated the characteristics and treatment modalities performed under general anesthesia in pediatric dental patients at Taipei Chang Gung Memorial Hospital between 2004 and 2005, and compared the different treatment patterns ...

OBJECTIVE: To compare the incidence of gastro-oesophageal reflux (GOR) during anaesthesia in the kitten when using a laryngeal mask airway (LMA) or an endotracheal tube (ET). STUDY DESIGN: Prospective randomized cross-over experimental study. ANIMALS: Forty Domestic Short Hair laboratory cats, 19 females and 21 males, aged 12-15 weeks and weighing ...

BACKGROUND: TEE is a semi-invasive tool broadly used and its utilization associated to sedatives drugs might to affect the procedure safety. OBJECTIVE: to analyze aspects of TEE safety associated to the use of Midazolan (MZ) and Flumazenil (FL) and the influence of the clinical variables on the event rate. METHOD: ...

OBJECTIVES: Local anaesthesia is increasingly used by dental hygienists. As little is known about the incidence of adverse effects during and after the administration of local anaesthetics, we evaluated side-effects associated with local anaesthesia. METHODS: A prospective observational study was conducted using standard criteria among a group of 103 patients ...

BACKGROUND: This study was conceived to compare the single-use GlideScope Cobalt videolaryngoscope with the conventional GlideScope videolaryngoscope for orotracheal intubation, as judged by time to intubation (TTI) and ease of intubation. METHODS: One hundred patients with normal-appearing airways requiring orotracheal intubation for elective surgery were randomly allocated to have their ...

BACKGROUND: Emergence from anaesthesia and tracheal extubation can be associated with hyperdynamic circulatory responses. We examined the effects of maintaining a remifentanil infusion on recovery profiles such as coughing and cardiovascular responses after general anaesthesia. METHODS: Forty patients undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery under general anaesthesia using total i.v. anaesthesia (propofol ...

BACKGROUND: Data on the effect of Hemisync sounds on perioperative analgesic requirements are scant. METHODS: We randomized surgical outpatients into a treatment group that received Hemisync sounds (n = 20), a music group that received music (n = 20), and a control group that had a blank cassette tape (n ...

BACKGROUND: Xenon (Xe) is an anesthetic with minimal side effects, now also showing promise as a neuroprotectant both in vitro and in vivo. Although scarce and expensive, Xe is insoluble and patient uptake is low, making closed circuits the optimum delivery method. Although the future of Xe anesthesia is uncertain, ...

BACKGROUND: Hypotension following spinal anesthesia for Cesarean delivery is common. Fluid loading is recommended to prevent hypotension, but preload is often ineffective. In non-pregnant patients, coloading has been shown to better maintain cardiac output after spinal anesthesia. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to determine whether the timing of the ...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the Airtraq and CTrach in lean patients with simulated cervical spine injury after application of a rigid cervical collar. Eighty-six consenting adult patients of ASA physical status 1 or 2, who required elective tracheal intubation were included in this ...

OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: We investigated how study design affects the rate of recovery in Bell's palsy. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter trial. METHODS: Data were extracted from the Scandinavian Bell's palsy study, which included 829 patients. The study design was factorial; 416 patients given prednisolone, 413 not given prednisolone, 413 ...

The PENTAX-AWS, a novel video laryngoscope, allows indirect visualization of the vocal cords on a color monitor display and enables tracheal intubation without upward lifting force required to expose the glottis. This study compared hemodynamic changes, bispectral index scores, and postoperative sore throat before and after laryngoscopy between the Macintosh ...

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to examine the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profile of propofol during propofol remifentanil and propofol - alfentanil anaesthesia, when monitored by SFx. MATERIAL/METHODS: Thirty-three ASA physical status I-II patients scheduled for laparoscopic cholecystectomy were prospectively randomized to 1 of 2 groups according to type ...

We compared intubating characteristics of the Pentax AirwayScope and Glidescope in a randomised controlled trial involving 140 patients. We found significantly shorter intubation times with mean (SD) 21.3 (12.3) vs 30.2 (13.2) s, lower intubating difficulty scores 4.4 (10.4) vs 12.8 (16.3) p < 0.001, and better grade 1 laryngeal ...

In a randomised crossover study, we compared times and success rates for tracheal placement of a fibrescope and railroading of a tracheal tube through the classic laryngeal mask airway by anaesthetists with limited experience in fibreoptic intubation (trainees) and those who were experts. Thirty-two patients, 32 trainees and three experts ...