OBJECTIVE: Anaesthesia-Ready Time (ART) is the time taken by the anaesthetist to provide sufficient anaesthetic depth for start of surgery. Our aim was to set benchmark timings for ART and compare it with our current practice. METHODS: Benchmark ART time of 15 minutes was set for American Society of Anesthesiologists ...

Patient-controlled sedation (PCS) allows patients to match their sedation requirement to perceived discomfort. The significant delay in onset of sedation may be overcome with effect-site steered target controlled infusion, but previously only trials in volunteers have been carried out. We therefore conducted a randomised, double-blind controlled trial comparing effect-site steered ...

To compare atropine with placebo as an adjunct to ketamine sedation in children undergoing minor painful procedures. Outcome measures included hypersalivation, side effect profile, parental/patient satisfaction, and procedural success rate. Children aged between 1 and 16 years of age requiring ketamine procedural sedation in a tertiary emergency department were randomised ...

OBJECTIVE: The physiologic responses to chloral hydrate sedation in the setting of a pediatric echocardiography laboratory have not been well documented; neither has the population at risk been identified adequately. The purpose of this study was to describe the physiologic responses to chloral hydrate sedation, to report the occurrence of ...

STUDY OBJECTIVE: The primary objective of this study is to compare the intubation success rates of etomidate and midazolam when used for sedative-facilitated intubation, without paralytics, in out-of-hospital adult patients. METHODS: This prospective, double-blind, randomized trial was conducted with 2 ground out-of-hospital advanced life support systems (ALS); all patients aged ...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of sevoflurane and TIVA with propofol on middle ear pressure and to show the importance of anesthesia without using any inhalational agents during middle ear surgery. STUDY DESIGN: A prospective, randomized controlled clinical study. METHODS: In this study, 25 male children that were scheduled for ...

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To compare laryngeal mask airway (LMA) insertion conditions using a combination of butorphanol and thiopentone vs fentanyl and thiopentone. DESIGN: Prospective, randomized, and double-blind study. SETTING: Operating theater. PATIENTS: One hundred four females, with American Society of Anesthesiologists grades I and II, diagnosed with carcinoma cervix scheduled for ...

OBJECTIVE: To improve the technique of placement of large plate electrodes for spinal cord stimulation with a minimally invasive approach using the METRx tubular retractor system (Medtronic Sofamor Danek, Minneapolis, MN). This dilating system splits the paravertebral musculature, avoiding the need to strip these muscles from the spine. The technique ...

BACKGROUND: This study was designed to investigate whether the addition of tramadol or lidocaine to ketamine would enhance the quality of intra- and postoperative analgesia for hypospadias surgery in children. METHODS: Sixty-two ASA PS I or II children, between 1 and 10 years of age, scheduled for hypospadias surgery were ...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Data from several studies implicate that pre-treatment with non-selective cyclooxygenase inhibitors such as aspirin or diclofenac may decrease the incidence of postoperative succinycholine-related myalgia. We tested the influence of a preoperatively administered selective cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor, parecoxib, on postoperative myalgia. METHODS: After Ethics Committee approval, 68 patients ...

BACKGROUND: Hypnotic depth but not haemodynamic response to painful stimulation can be measured with various EEG-based anaesthesia monitors. We evaluated the variation of pulse plethysmography amplitude induced by an electrical tetanic stimulus (PPG variation) as a potential measure for analgesia and predictor of haemodynamic responsiveness during general anaesthesia. METHODS: Ninety-five ...

PURPOSE: Our purpose was to investigate the effect of omission of fentanyl during sevoflurane anesthesia on the incidences of postoperative nausea and vomiting and on postanesthesia recovery in female patients undergoing major breast cancer surgery. METHODS: Female patients (American Society of Anesthesiologists [ASA] physical status [PS] class I-II; age, 28-84 ...

BACKGROUND: The present study was a multicenter, retrospective study which aimed to evaluate the efficacy of propofol, a new choice of pharmacotherapy in head-injured patients. METHODS: Head-injured patients admitted to 3 hospitals during the period from January 2003 to December 2004 were included in this clinical trial. Data on patients' ...

Three of the most commonly used agents for conscious sedation in the Emergency Department (ED) are ketamine, fentanyl/versed, and propofol. In this study, we measured and compared the total times spent in the ED with each of these agents. Our objective was to determine whether the use of propofol for ...

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficiency of transdermal anaesthesia using eutectic mixture of lidocaine and prilocaine (EMLA) in patients undergoing percutaneous trigger finger release and to compare it with lidocaine infiltration. In this prospective, randomised study percutaneous release of the A1 annular pulley was ...

Ketamine is a strong acting analgesic drug, used mainly in trauma and emergency medicine settings, as well as for minor procedures. Its pharmacological properties make it a useful drug for military anaesthesia. Ketamine acts by blocking activation of the spinal and supraspinal NMDA-type glutamate and opioid receptors. It produces dissociative ...

One of the aims of neuroanesthesia is to provide early postoperative recovery and neurologic examination in patients undergoing supratentorial surgery. Our aim was to investigate the role of using the bispectral index (BIS) in recovery from anesthesia and altering drug administration in patients undergoing craniotomy. Fifty American Society of Anesthesiologists' ...

We investigated whether intravenous lidocaine prior to endotracheal intubation influences the postoperative airway symptoms of sore throat, cough, and sputum. After ethics committee approval, 80 patients undergoing elective operations were studied. A total of 20 patients were given lidocaine 1.0 mg.kg(-1) (group L1), 20 patients were given lidocaine 1.5 mg.kg(-1) ...

Cerebral monitoring indices are associated with a large degree of inter-patient variability and electrical signal interference during surgery. We designed this clinical study to test the hypothesis that use of the spectral entropy (Entropy) module is associated with less frequent intraoperative interference with the displayed indices than the bispectral index ...

OBJECTIVE/HYPOTHESIS: The aim of this study is to compare the effects of lidocaine and methylprednisolone on postoperative respiratory complications caused by short-term laryngeal surgery by way of rigid laryngoscope under general anesthesia. The effects of these drugs on recovery from anesthesia are also compared. STUDY DESIGN: One hundred American Society ...

PURPOSE: Patients with severe brain injury often require long-term sedation and have a high incidence of nosocomial infections, causing an increased mortality rate. However, whether anesthetic drugs might contribute to immunosuppressive effects remains unclear. METHODS: In this prospective study, we investigated the effects of propofol (4-6 mg x kg(-1) x ...

The effect of storage on dry-cured ham quality was studied. Sixteen vacuum-packaged boneless dry-cured hams and sixteen vacuum-packaged dry-cured ham cuts were stored in darkness under refrigeration (4±2°C; 8 months) or freezing (-18±1°C; 24 months), respectively. Instrumental colour and texture, physico-chemical and biochemical parameters, sensory profile and consumer acceptability and ...

PURPOSE: To evaluate the magnitude of subjective cognitive failure in the three days following general anesthesia (GA) for ambulatory surgery. METHODS: After Research Ethics Board approval, 258 patients undergoing general anesthesia (GA) and 250 patients scheduled for local anesthesia (LA) were recruited from our ambulatory surgical unit. Following the method ...

PURPOSE: The objective of this study was to compare the postoperative morbidities for 24 hours following dental care under day-stay general anesthesia using sevoflurane or halothane in intellectually disabled children. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eighty-six premedicated patients with intellectual disabilities underwent general anesthesia for their dental treatment. They were randomly given ...

This prospective observational study aimed to determine the rate of success of reduction of dislocated hip prostheses using conscious sedation. In 101 consecutive patients presenting to the emergency department between August 2000 and February 2003 with a dislocated hip prosthesis, reduction was attempted using conscious sedation. The outcome measures of ...

We describe a case of intraoperative gelatine-induced anaphylaxis whose diagnosis was delayed as the use of gelatine during surgical procedures was omitted for two times in patient's medical records. The subject is a 66-year old woman, with a negative medical history of atopy, food and drug allergy, with arterial hypertension ...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess postoperative patients' self-evaluation after xenon anaesthesia compared to total intravenous anaesthesia with propofol. METHODS: 160 patients aged 18-60 yr, ASA I-II undergoing elective surgery took part in this randomised-controlled trial. After approval by the local Ethics Committee and as ...

The aim of this study was to assess target-controlled propofol infusion as a technique of sedation for shoulder surgery under interscalene brachial plexus block in the sitting position and to evaluate the effect of sedation on hypotensive/bradycardic events during this procedure. One hundred and forty patients undergoing elective shoulder surgery ...

While most patients recover uneventfully from the effects of anesthesia and surgery, for a small percentage of patients the immediate postoperative period can be a period of significant physiological stress. Hence the goal for a Post Anesthesia Care Unit (PACU) is to provide a safe environment for a patient to ...

BACKGROUND: In France, general anesthesia is given to more than 90% of patients undergoing colonoscopy although in several countries sedation is limited to intolerant patients. This study was carried out to determine whether Patient-Controlled Sedation (PCS) could provide a lighter sedation than general anesthesia adapted to the patient's individual requirement. ...

BACKGROUND AND RATIONALE: Since anesthesia, unlike medical or surgical specialties, does not constitute treatment, The Royal College of Anesthesiologists of Thailand host the Thai Anesthesia Incidents Study (THAI Study) of anesthetic outcomes to determine factors related to anesthesia related adverse events. MATERIAL AND METHOD: A prospective descriptive study of occurrence ...

OBJECTS: Intraoperative hemodynamic alterations and postoperative electrolyte disturbances related to endoscopic third ventriculostomy (E3V) have been reported. We aimed to evaluate prospectively those changes in patients undergoing neuroendoscopic procedures. METHODS: This study was carried out in 24 patients who underwent neuroendoscopic intervention. Sevoflurane was used for the induction and maintenance ...

BACKGROUND: We have prospectively assessed the effects of remifentanil on morphine requirement in the first hour after emerging from general anaesthesia after elective coronary artery bypass surgery and in the first 12 h postoperatively, and pain and agitation scores in the first hour after emerging from general anaesthesia. METHODS: Twenty ...

PURPOSE: This randomized clinical trial was conducted to evaluate the clinical necessity of routine follow-up visits after third molar removal under local anesthesia and intravenous sedation in patients aged 15 to 35 years. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Sixty consecutive cases that required surgical removal of impacted third molars in an outpatient ...

PURPOSE: The purpose of this retrospective record review of 2- and 3-year-old dental patients receiving intranasal midazolam (INM) was to compare drops vs spray administration to behavioral outcomes observed for agent acceptance during administration and for agent efficacy during parental separation, local anesthesia injection, and delivery of restorative dentistry. METHODS: ...

OBJECTIVE: To report the results of manipulation under anesthesia (MUA) for 4 patients with chronic spinal, sacroiliac, and/or pelvic and low back pain. METHODS: The treatment group was arbitrarily selected from the chiropractor's patient base who received the MUA protocol along with a follow-up in-office articular and myofascial release program ...

STUDY OBJECTIVE: We compare intravenous midazolam and droperidol for the onset of sedation of acutely agitated patients in the emergency department (ED). METHODS: This was a double-blind, randomized, clinical trial set in the ED of a university teaching hospital. Subjects were adults, acutely agitated because of mental illness, intoxication, or ...

BACKGROUND: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is the most complex gastrointestinal procedure, which needs patients' cooperation. The aim of this study was to observe the quality and safety of sedation with propofol in patients undergoing therapeutic ERCP. METHODS: Seventy patients who had undergone therapeutic ERCP were randomly divided into two groups. ...

BACKGROUND: The safety of bronchoplastic procedures after induction chemoradiotherapy is uncertain. This study examines short- and long-term outcomes after bronchoplastic procedures with and without induction therapy. METHODS: Between January 1997 and September 2004, more than 1,300 anatomic pulmonary resections for cancer were performed at a single institution. Of these, 73 ...

BACKGROUND: The aim of the present study was to compare the efficacy of isoflurane-remifentanil and sevoflurane-remifentanil combinations during neurosurgical correction craniosynostosis. METHODS: Twenty-two infants with craniosynostosis received a slow bolus of remifentanil followed by continuous infusion. The infants were randomly divided into two groups: remifentanil followed by sevoflurane (the 'sevoflurane ...

BACKGROUND: The choice of anesthesia is one of the most important decisions made by anesthesiologists after preoperative visits with orthopedic patients. No published study has yet quantified the incidence of postanesthetic complaints for either technique. The present study was designed to compare the incidences of postanesthetic complaints after the application ...

BACKGROUND: This randomized clinical trial was performed in a single institution to compare the results of minimally invasive video-assisted parathyroidectomy (MIVAP) conducted under regional anaesthesia (RA) or general anaesthesia (GA). METHODS: Fifty-one patients undergoing MIVAP for primary hyperparathyroidism were assigned randomly to either RA (26 patients) or GA (25). RA ...

Balanced anesthesia with sevoflurane-fentanyl has been widely accepted as anesthetic management for neurosurgery. Propofol-remifentanil regimen has been successfully used in various surgical settings, but a comprehensive comparison of sevoflurane-fentanyl and propofol-remifentanil anesthesia in patients undergoing craniotomy for supratentorial intracranial surgery has not yet been done. The aim of this prospective, ...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Postoperative confusion and delirium is a common complication in the elderly with a poorly understood pathophysiology. The aim of this study was to examine whether the type of anaesthesia (general or regional) plays a role in the development of cognitive impairment in elderly patients during the immediate ...

Postoperative sore throat (POST) is a complication that remains to be resolved in patients undergoing endotracheal intubation. In this study, we investigated whether preoperative gargling with sodium 1,4-dimethyl-7-isopropylazulene-3-sulfonate monohydrate (sodium azulene sulfonate, Azunol) reduces POST after endotracheal intubation. Forty patients scheduled for elective surgery under general anesthesia were randomized into ...

Simultaneous use of opioids with a different pharmacological profile during anesthesia may lead to unexpected prolongation of effects. In addition, long-term use of transdermal buprenorphine may result in a reduced sensitivity to opioid anesthesia. In a prospective study, possible overlap of opioid effects and vigilance was determined in a group ...

PURPOSE: The incidence and duration of apnea during sevoflurane anesthesia have not been fully characterized. We hypothesized that sevoflurane at slowly increasing concentrations reduces incidence and shortens the duration of apnea compared to administration of a highly concentrated anesthetic mixture. METHODS: 131 women were randomly assigned to receive 35% oxygen ...

OBJECTIVES: To assess patients' ability to repeat and recall words presented to them while undergoing procedural sedation with propofol, and correlate their recall with their level of awareness as measured by bispectral index (BIS) monitoring. METHODS: This was a prospective, single-intervention study of consenting adult patients undergoing procedural sedation with ...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The aim of this prospective, randomized, double-blind study was to determine the effects of adding nitrous oxide on sevoflurane requirement for blunting sympathetic responses after surgical incision combined with two different target-controlled concentrations of remifentanil (1 and 3 ng mL(-1)) in female. METHODS: 102 female patients, aged ...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The use of remifentanil requires other analgesics for postoperative pain relief compared to fentanyl in patients undergoing craniotomy. This could possibly reduce the postoperative advantages of this short-acting opioid. METHODS: We compared remifentanil and fentanyl-based anaesthesia in a randomized observer and patient blinded trial on patients, undergoing ...