BACKGROUND: Despite advances in endoscopic treatment methods for upper GI hemorrhage, hemostasis is often difficult to achieve. This study evaluated the usefulness of endoscopic band ligation for upper GI hemorrhage exclusive of hemorrhage from chronic gastroduodenal ulcer and varices. METHODS: This prospective study included 27 patients who underwent endoscopic band ...

OBJECTIVE: To assess the results of our experience in correcting primary varicocele using a modified technique of antegrade scrotal sclerotherapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS: From December 1997 to February 2000, 201 patients with primary varicocele underwent antegrade scrotal sclerotherapy. Before treatment all patients were evaluated by a physical examination, colour Doppler ...

BACKGROUND: Prominent tortuous veins of the face and hands may result from the process of aging and constitute a source of distress for many patients. Marked telangiectases of the chest and face are similarly distressing to some patients. OBJECTIVE: To determine the safety and efficacy of sclerotherapy for telangiectatic veins ...

Variceal bleeding is a clinical emergency that may be difficult to treat in some patients, especially those with prehepatic portal hypertension, failed sclerotherapy, and with contraindications to transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt. In such patients there are few remaining options. The authors refer to three patients for whom the modified Sugiura ...

A prospective randomized study was conducted to determine whether amifostine (Ethyol) reduces the rate of severe esophagitis and hematologic and pulmonary toxicity associated with chemoradiation or improves control of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Sixty patients with inoperable stage II or III NSCLC were treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy. Both groups ...

BACKGROUND: The long-term efficacy and safety of endoscopic injection of N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate (Histoacryl) were evaluated as the initial treatment for bleeding gastric varices. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Fifty-two patients with bleeding gastric varices underwent endoscopic injections of Histoacryl for hemostasis over a 10-year period. Histoacryl was injected intravariceally. Among these 52 patients, ...

Background: hepatic functional reserve is determined by the function and number of hepatocytes, as well as hepatic blood flow. In Japan, endoscopic injection sclerotherapy is often performed prophylactically in patients with high-risk esophageal varices. We examined the effects of blocking portosystemic shunts by this treatment on hepatic circulation and hepatocyte ...

The objective of the present study was to analyze a 37-year historical series of patients who had ingested caustic substances, and who were treated in a teaching hospital, to assess the effectiveness of the therapy administered during this period. We studied 239 patients who ingested caustic soda (NaOH) from 1957 ...

BACKGROUND: The objective of this study is to examine the overall clinical results of endoscopic injection sclerotherapy (EIS) for patients with esophageal varices in our institution. METHODS: From January 1982 to May 2001, 2105 patients with esophageal varices were treated with EIS, which included prophylactic injections for patients with risky ...

Variceal hemorrhage accounts for one third of all deaths related to cirrhosis. To date, many modalities of treating variceal bleeding have been devised, including pharmacological therapy. Treatment of variceal hemorrhage includes resuscitation, initial hemostasis, and prevention of complications and recurrent bleeding. Intravenous vasoactive agents such as terlipressin, somatostatin, octreotide, or ...

OBJECTIVE: To review the use of sclerosing foam in the treatment of varicose veins, to describe the different techniques of foam preparation, and to report the complications of our 3-year experience with this treatment. METHOD: From November 1997 to the end of October 2000, 453 patients were treated with a ...

AIM: Clinical application and potential complication of percutaneous transsplenic varices embolization (PTSVE) of esophageal or gastrio-fundal varices in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) complicated with portal vein cancerous thrombosis (PVCT). METHODS: 18 patients with HCC complicated with PVCT and esophageal or gastrio-fundal varices who underwent PTSVE were collected. The rate ...

The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) with that of endoscopic sclerotherapy (ES) in the long-term management of patients with cirrhosis after variceal bleeding. Seventy-eight consecutive cirrhotic patients with recent variceal bleeding were randomly allocated to either TIPS (n=38) or ES ...

BACKGROUND: Variceal bleeding is a frequent cause of death in patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension. Over the past 40 years a number of new techniques have been introduced to control active variceal haemorrhage. Many randomised controlled trials were performed to evaluate these new therapies. While most have demonstrated efficacy ...

We investigated treatment-induced changes in venous return from the small bowel and small bowel intestinal mucosal injury induced by the treatment of esophageal varices in patients with portal hypertension. A total of 14 patients (age 59.8+/-9.5 years, five women and 9 men) who received prophylactic treatment of esophageal varices between ...

PURPOSE: To study the occurrence of allergy-like reactions at angiography, repeated several times, and, secondly, to evaluate the effect of prophylactic treatment in individuals who had earlier experienced such reactions. MATERIAL AND METHODS: One hundred and fifty-seven patients with hypercholesterolaemia, participating in the Probucol Quantitative Regression Swedish Trial (PQRST), underwent ...

BACKGROUND/AIMS: The place of transjugular intrahepatic porto-systemic shunt (TIPS) for variceal haemorrhage uncontrolled by sclerotherapy and medical treatment is still undefined. To investigate the outcome of early salvage TIPS for active uncontrolled variceal haemorrhage, and to identify the factors associated with mortality. METHODS: Salvage TIPS was performed in 58 patients ...

We studied the chronic effects of 4-nonylphenol (4-NP) on reproductive status of medaka (Oryzias latipes) over two generations of continuous exposure. The exposure study of the parental (F0) medaka was begun on embryos within 24 h postfertilization and continued with monitoring through embryological development, hatching, posthatch survival, growth, sexual differentiation, ...

To compare the recurrence rate of acute gastric dilatation with or without volvulus (GDV) after circumcostal gastropexy (CCGP) or gastrocolopexy (GCP) in dogs. A prospective, double-blind, multicenter, randomized, controlled, clinical trial with two groups (A and B). Fifty-four client-owned dogs presented for treatment of GDV. Dogs with acute GDV that ...

BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS: The time to recurrence of esophageal varices may vary greatly between patients even after the same endoscopic therapy. To clarify the factors which contribute to recurrence after endoscopic treatment, the hemodynamics and morphology of the left gastric vein (LGV) were investigated using color Doppler endoscopic ultrasonography ...

OBJECTIVE: To assess short term and longterm outcome of polymyositis (PM) and dermatomyositis (DM), and predictive variables of PM/DM course. METHODS: The medical records of 77 consecutive patients with PM/DM were reviewed. The criteria for PM/DM diagnosis were based upon Bohan and Peter criteria. RESULTS: Thirty-one patients (40%) achieved remission ...

BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS: Endoscopic variceal ligation (EVL) is an alternative to sclerotherapy for the treatment of esophageal varices, but is associated with higher rates of recurrence and subsequent bleeding than sclerotherapy. To prevent recurrence of varices after EVL, we have developed a low-dose diode laser therapy combined with the ...

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Nonselective beta-blockers (beta-blockers) are very effective in preventing first variceal bleeding (FVB) in patients with cirrhosis. However, 15%-25% of patients have contraindications or develop severe side effects precluding its use. The present study evaluates whether isosorbide-5-mononitrate (Is-MN) effectively prevents variceal bleeding in patients with contraindications or who ...

OBJECTIVE: To compare the results using a new disposable clamp (the Taraklamp Circumcision Device, TCD, Taramedic Europe BV, Bilthoven, The Netherlands), used since 1998 in one clinic, and the conventional dissection technique (CDT) in another clinic, for religious circumcision in infants. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The TCD and CDT were compared ...

Summary: We evaluated sclerotherapy in the treatment of orbital lymphatic malformations. Six consecutive patients with unilateral orbital cystic masses and recurrent episodes of orbital swelling were included in this retrospective study. All have been treated with percutaneous puncture and injection of Sotradecol (sodium tetredecyl sulphate) under radiographic guidance, on one ...

BACKGROUND: To assess whether the effectiveness of a combination of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) and percutaneous ethanol injection (PEI) is superior to PEI alone in the treatment of patients with small hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), a randomized controlled study was performed. METHODS: Fifty-two patients with one to three HCC tumors measuring ...

BACKGROUND: After an episode of acute bleeding from esophageal varices, patients are at high risk for recurrent bleeding and death. We compared two treatments to prevent recurrent bleeding--endoscopic ligation and combined medical therapy with nadolol and isosorbide mononitrate. METHODS: We randomly assigned 144 patients with cirrhosis who were hospitalized with ...

Figure 3 shows an algorithm for the primary prevention of variceal hemorrhage. Pharmacologic therapy is the current standard of treatment for the primary prophylaxis of esophageal variceal bleeding. Patients with medium or large varices should be treated with a nonselective beta-blocker with the dose titrated to achieve a 25% decrement ...

OBJECTIVE: We reviewed the 15-year experience of our institution (Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI) in managing sinonasal inverting papilloma, examining trends in diagnosis and treatment. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective. METHODS: Thirty-seven patients with inverting papilloma were treated from 1986 to 1999. Demographic data, clinical presentations, pathological findings, surgical approaches and ...

BACKGROUND: Cyanoacrylate may form a barrier that prevents bacterial invasion when used in tissue. Because cyanoacrylate polymerizes within seconds on contact with aqueous media, it is used worldwide to arrest gastric variceal bleeding. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of bacteremia after endoscopic cyanoacrylate injection for ...

BACKGROUND: Patients with unresectable hepatoma and acute esophageal variceal bleeding have extremely high rates of recurrent bleeding and mortality. This controlled study evaluates the feasibility and potential benefit of maintenance endoscopic variceal ligation in these patients. METHODS: Patients with unresectable hepatoma and acute esophageal variceal bleeding underwent emergent endoscopic variceal ...

PURPOSE: Spermatoceles are commonly treated with open surgical ablation. With the increasing shift towards minimally invasive surgery and heightened awareness, both patient and surgeon accept and prefer the less intrusive approach. Treatment of spermatoceles translates into the use of aspiration and sclerotherapy rather than open excision. We report on our ...

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether nurse practitioner (NP)-led advice in relation to bowel and defecatory habits in hemorrhoidal disease is as effective as local invasive treatment (sclerotherapy) in the management of patients with symptomatic 1st and 2nd degree haemorrhoids, with respect to both alleviation of presenting symptoms and relapse rate, and ...

PURPOSE: To evaluate long-term prognosis of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) with use of cisplatin (CDDP) lipiodol (LPD) suspension (CDDP/LPD) compared with that with use of doxorubicin hydrochloride (ADM) LPD emulsion (ADM/LPD) in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred eight patients were treated with use of ...

BACKGROUND: Controversy surrounds the early treatment of childhood varicocoele and its role in the prevention of testicular atrophy and male infertility. Various techniques exist, all with varying degrees of success. OBJECTIVES: To show that percutaneous transfemoral testicular vein embolisation is an effective alternative when compared to the conventional open surgical ...

A number of sclerosing agents have been tried for sclerotherapy of oesophageal varices. However, none of them have emerged as an ideal agent. Hence, this study was designed to compare the efficacy and safety of sodium tetradecyl sulphate and polidocanol for sclerotherapy of oesophageal varices. A total of 100 consecutive ...

OBJECTIVE: To prospectively compare the recurrence rate and short postoperative outcome after randomized laparoscopic varix ligation with internal spermatic artery (ISA) preservation versus laparoscopic varix ligation with ISA ligation. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Twenty-five patients with 35 varicocele who required varix ligation for infertility in 13 patients, scrotal pain in 15 ...

BACKGROUND: To assess the efficacy of adjuvant sclerotherapy after banding for the treatment of esophageal varices, a randomized trial was carried out of endoscopic variceal ligation (EVL) alone with sequential sclerotherapy versus sequential ligation-sclerotherapy (SLS) after banding with respect to variceal eradication, associated complications, and recurrence of varices. METHODS: One ...

Gastric variceal bleeding is a catastrophic event. Both cyanoacrylate injection and banding ligation have been proven to be effective in the management of bleeding gastric varices. This study was performed to compare the efficacy and complications of both the modalities. Cirrhotic patients with a history of gastric variceal bleeding were ...

OBJECTIVE: To review the use o f octreotide for acute variceal bleeding. DATA SOURCES: Articles were obtained through computerized searches involving MEDLINE (from 1997 to October 2000). Additionally, several textbooks containing information on the diagnosis and management of acute variceal bleeding were reviewed. The bibliographies of retrieved publications and textbooks ...

BACKGROUND AND METHODS: We examined the changes in portal hemodynamics after endoscopic variceal ligation (EVL) combined with endoscopic injection sclerotherapy (EIS) in relation to post-treatment relapse. The present study included 93 patients who underwent EVL-EIS combination therapy. Portal hemodynamics were examined by Doppler ultrasonography and percutaneous transhepatic portography (PTP). RESULTS: ...

BACKGROUND: The aim of the paper is to present the role of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) in the treatment of portal hypertension complications such as variceal bleeding and persistent ascites. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Between June 1992 and December 2000, 56 patients with portal hypertension developed in the course of ...

BACKGROUND: Endoscopic treatment of esophageal varices may accentuate portal hypertensive gastropathy. The impact of the combination of band ligation and propranolol on this condition remains unknown. METHODS: Patients with history of variceal bleeding were randomized to receive band ligation alone (control group, 40 patients) or a combination of band ligation ...

BACKGROUND: Variceal ligation is the optimum endoscopic method for treating esophageal variceal bleeding. However, both early and multiple recurrences of esophageal varices frequently follow ligation. The aim of this randomized study was to determine whether a new, combined endoscopic "sandwich" method (i.e., ligation-sclerotherapy-ligation) could achieve better results than ligation alone. ...

BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS: While the histological effects of endoscopic sclerotherapy in humans have been extensively described, the effects of endoscopic ligation have been reported in only two cases. The purpose of this study was to reconstruct the chronological sequence of histological changes after ligation of esophageal varices. PATIENTS AND ...

BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS: Despite the recognized efficacy of sclerotherapy and elastic band ligation in controlling variceal hemorrhage, the results of endoscopic treatment in Child-Pugh class C patients remain poor. The aim of this prospective, controlled, and randomized study was to compare conventional sclerotherapy with injection of the tissue adhesive ...

In developing countries surgery is indicated in patients with portal hypertension for a variety of reasons. This study prospectively evaluates a modified technique of devascularization for secondary prophylaxis of variceal bleeding in patients with portal hypertension of different aetiologies. Transabdominal extensive oesophagogastric devascularization combined with transmural ligation of oesophageal and ...

Endoscopic sclerotherapy or ligation and/or drugs are the standard treatments for the prevention of variceal rebleeding. Failure of this treatment indicates the need for rescue transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) implantation. The current practice to use endoscopic treatment as first-line and TIPS as second-line treatment is, however, not based on ...

BACKGROUND: The most dramatic complication of portal hypertension in cirrhotic patients is oesophageal variceal bleeding. Moreover, patients with bleeding unresponsive to medical and endoscopic treatment have a poor prognosis. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of early transjugular intra-hepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) in patients with ...

BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS: Esophageal varices are treated by endoscopic ligation with or without sclerotherapy. Here we used argon plasma coagulation (APC) to promote mucosal fibrosis and compared the efficacy of ligation plus APC with ligation alone in the treatment of esophageal varices. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Our prospective study included ...