BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The impact of early enteral nutrition in elective upper gastrointestinal surgery was the focus of this study, with particular reference to its feasibility and benefits. METHOD: This prospective study was carried out over 2 years. The study group included 30 patients and the control group had 31patients. ...

OBJECTIVES: Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) has been proposed as an adjunctive modality for the treatment of swallowing disorders. We present data from a prospective case series to define and measure effects of a systematic therapy for chronic pharyngeal dysphagia using adjunctive NMES. METHODS: Six adult patients with pharyngeal dysphagia received ...

BACKGROUND: There is considerable debate regarding the appropriateness of feeding patients by the enteral route in conjunction with pentobarbital coma therapy. OBJECTIVE: To determine the incidence of feeding intolerance (FI) in patients receiving pentobarbital in conjunction with enteral nutrition (EN). METHODS: A retrospective, observational evaluation of patients (>14 y of ...

Fifty-three patients with hematological malignancies who underwent Allo-SCT from HLA-identical siblings were randomly assigned to receive glutamine-enriched parenteral nutrition-PN (GlPN, n=27) or standard PN (PN, n=26), in isonitrogenous solutions. Deaths (D+100 and D+180), infections, acute GVHD, length of stay, time of neutropenia and intestinal permeability (IP) were studied. Ages, gender, ...

Summary To determine the prevalence of malnutrition among pulmonary TB patients prior to starting treatment and assess the impact of socio-economic characteristics on their nutritional status Intervention study Communicable Diseases Unit, Effia-Nkwanta Regional hospital, Sekondi, Ghana A total of 570 newly diagnosed adults with pulmonary tuberculosis A structured questionnaire was ...

AIM: To evaluate long-term survival and prognostic factors in patients who have undergone placement of a percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tube. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of all patients without malignancy who underwent percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy at Hanyu General Hospital during the period January 2001-December 2005. RESULTS: A total of 198 patients ...

BACKGROUND: Oral nutritional supplements have been recommended after orthopedic surgery in geriatric patients to reduce postoperative complications. However, tolerability of supplements could be a limitation, and their universal use is not supported by the heterogeneity of previous studies, especially in patients without malnutrition. METHODS: This study is a randomized, controlled, ...

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Malnutrition is frequently seen in gastric cancer patients. Perioperative nutritional support may reduce postoperative complications, especially in severely depleted gastric cancer patients with GI obstruction. However, the beneficial effects of perioperative total parenteral nutrition for gastric cancer surgery patients still have not been clearly demonstrated in Taiwan. This study ...

The objective of this study was to investigate the potential benefit of branched chain amino acid (BCAA)-enriched total parenteral nutrition (TPN) for malnourished surgical patients with gastrointestinal cancer. Sixty-four malnourished patients with gastrointestinal cancer with elective surgical intervention were equally allocated into two groups to receive isonitrogenous and isocaloric TPN. ...

BACKGROUND: Endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy (EN-DCR) is an effective procedure when treating saccal and postsaccal obstructions of the nasolacrimal pathway. The benefit of silicone tubing after DCR is still controversial. We conducted a prospective, randomized study to evaluate the necessity of bicanalicular silicone tubes after primary EN-DCR. METHODS: Forty-six consecutive primary EN-DCR ...

INTRODUCTION: Significant malnutrition exists in a high percentage of patients with head and neck cancer. Malnutrition is associated with defects in immune function that may impair the host response to malignancy. Malnutrition and immunosupression make patients highly susceptible to postoperative infections and complications. OBJECTIVES: Compare two immunoenhanced enteral nutritions with ...

AIM: To examine the success and complication rates of radiological placement of post-pyloric feeding tubes, including those inserted with the assistance of a guide-wire. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two hundred referrals (156 patients), between the dates of 5 April 2002 and 10 September 2004, were identified retrospectively from computerized records. Subsequently, ...

BACKGROUND: The Proseal laryngeal mask airway (PLMA) is a relatively new supraglottic airway device with a drain tube to minimize the risk of gastric insufflation and aspiration. We compared introducer tool (IT) and gum elastic bougie (GEB)-guided techniques for insertion of the Proseal LMA in children. METHODS: One hundred and ...

PURPOSE: Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a common chronic disorder characterized by severe malnutrition and psychological disturbances. Parenteral nutrition (PN) is not usually used in nutritional rehabilitation of AN. The aim of our study was to retrospectively evaluate the indications, clinical efficacy, and safety of PN as assessed by short- and ...

BACKGROUND: It is believed that certain nutrients such as glutamine, arginine and omega-3 fatty acids may play a significant role in metabolic, inflammatory, and immune processes in acute pancreatitis. The present systematic review aimed to define whether the addition of these substances to enteral nutrition provides any clinical benefit over ...

BACKGROUND: Feeding tube placement in patients with aero-digestive cancer is challenging because of the distortion and/or obstruction of the upper digestive passage. As a result, many patients may receive intravenous fluids and parenteral nutrition instead of enteral feeds. AIM: To audit all the endoscopic feeding tube placements in large sample ...

BACKGROUND: Traditionally, the common bile duct (CBD) has been closed with T-tube drainage after laparoscopic choledochotomy and removal of CBD stones. However, insertion of the T-tube is related to some potential postoperative complications, and patients must carry the T-tube for several weeks before its removal. Primary closure of the CBD ...

Five hundred and forty Lohmann hybrid point of lay birds aged 22 weeks were used to study the effect of periodic litter change on egg production and physical qualities. The birds were divided into 3 treatment groups consisting of 180 birds. Each treatment group was further replicated 3 times, made ...

Background: Nutrition is an important aspect in patients undergoing haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Food intake and absorption is impaired due to nausea, mucositis, graft versus host disease and bowel infections. Providing nutritional information to the patient, the parents, and evaluation of the nutritional status of the patient (pt) are ...

CONTEXT: Although several studies have examined peri-operative nutritional supplementation in patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy all provided support at various timepoints with a variety of protocols. OBJECTIVE: This study undertakes a detailed nutritional and anthropometric assessment of patients due to undergo pancreaticoduodenectomy with particular reference to pre-operative nutritional status and peri-operative outcome. ...

BACKGROUND: Feeding the hemodynamically unstable patient is increasingly practiced, yet few data exist on its safety. Because enteral glutamine is protective to the gut in experimental models of shock and improves clinical outcomes, it may benefit trauma patients undergoing shock resuscitation and improve tolerance if administered early. This pilot study ...

BACKGROUND: It can sometimes be difficult to insert a nasogastric tube (NGT) in a patient in whom intubation has been performed. Because of the patient's inability to swallow and the presence of the inflated cuff of the endotracheal tube, the NGT will often become coiled in the oral cavity. A ...

AIM: To study the effect of Zn supplements in cystic fibrosis (CF) on disease evolution. METHODS: A retrospective study of all CF patients treated with Zn supplements (January 2002 to December 2004). Data from patient files for the year before and the first year of supplementation were compared. The controls ...

Enteral tube feeding is routinely used in many cystic fibrosis centres when weight for height percentage is less than 85%, when there has been weight loss for longer than a two-month period or when there has been no weight gain for two to three months (under five years old) or ...

Postoperative enteric fistula is a serious complication and cause of death following gastrointestinal (GI)-tract surgery. Many reports have demonstrated the effectiveness of parenteral nutrition in the spontaneous closure of enteric fistula. Our study was aimed at analyzing the prognostic factors of parenteral nutritional support in the treatment of enteric fistula ...

Life history, aggregation and dormancy of rubber plantation litter beetle Luprops tristis Fabricius, (Tenebrionidae: Coleoptera) is described from rubber plantation belts in the western slopes of Western Ghats from the south Indian state of Kerala. The life cycle lasted 12 months, including the 5 larval instars lasting 1 month, the ...

CONTEXT: Nasogastric tube feeding is safe and well tolerated in most critically ill patients. However, its safety and tolerance in the setting of severe acute pancreatitis is debatable. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to review all available studies on nasogastric feeding in patients with severe acute pancreatitis to determine the safety and ...

Nutritional concern is one of the most important issues to be addressed in the perioperative care given to gastrointestinal patients. Not at least, malnutrition may be detrimental and relate to postoperative morbidity. Perioperative nutritional management, integrated with other modern perioperative care policies, allows the establishment of multimodal strategies with an ...

A 70-year-old Japanese woman visited our clinic with a pigmented patch on her face from her upper lip to under her nose following laser therapy 15 years ago. Physical examination revealed an asymmetrical dark brown macule with a clear border along with irregular black dots measuring 20 mm. A biopsy ...

OBJECTIVE: This clinical trial investigates whether short-term administration of long chain triglycerides (LCT) has any influence on the immune function in children following gastrointestinal surgery. METHODS: Sixty pediatric patients receiving a gastrointestinal operation were randomly divided into the experimental group (n = 36) and the control group (n = 24). ...

The role of postoperative supplementary enteral nutrition after gastrointestinal surgery is controversial. Therefore, a randomized clinical trial with attempts to address the question of plenitude of routine application of postoperative enteral feeding on rate of postoperative complications following pancreatoduodenectomy was performed. Sixty patients undergoing pancreatoduodenectomy were blindly randomized into two ...

BACKGROUND: Conventionally, supporting rods made of glass, plastic, or similar material have been used for 1 week to 10 days for loop stomas to prevent retraction. However, this is associated with difficulty in applying the stomal appliance till removal of the rod resulting in leakage of fecal matter. METHODS: A ...

BACKGROUND: Long-term enteral nutrition may maintain clinical and endoscopic remission in patients with Crohn's disease (CD). The aim of this prospective study was to investigate the impacts of long-term enteral nutrition on clinical and endoscopic disease activities and mucosal tissue cytokines in patients with quiescent CD. METHODS: Forty patients with ...

OBJECTIVE: Our previous work has shown that albumin coating of tympanostomy tubes prevented adhesion of proteins or bacteria on the tube surface in vitro and in a 9-month prospective follow-up study. This study was continued until all tubes were extruded. STUDY DESIGN: A prospective, clinical trial. METHODS: The randomized, double-blind ...

Accidental endobronchial intubation is reported frequently during laparoscopic gynaecological surgery. We performed a prospective randomised study to compare three different methods of endotracheal tube placement in terms of susceptibility of accidental endobronchial intubation in patients undergoing laparoscopic gynaecologic surgery. The endotracheal tube was positioned by one of three methods: it ...

Significant weight loss and resultant malnutrition in patients undergoing radiotherapy for head and neck carcinomas are recognized and preventable clinical concerns. Morbidity related to weight loss during treatment may include dehydration, hospitalization, compromised treatment efficacy, and reduced quality of life and may impact survival. Malnutrition effects on wound healing may ...

BACKGROUND/AIMS: A pylorus-preserving gastrectomy (PPG) is a procedure for gastric cancer (GC) patients which attempts to control gastric emptying and to minimize postoperative nutritional disadvantages. The persistence of conflicting stances concerning qualifying candidates for PPG--a narrower or wider segment of patients--is attributable to a lack of decisive evidence concerning the ...

INTRODUCTION: Although parenteral nutrition is a vital method of delivery essential nutrients in patients with malnutrition associated to gastro-intestinal insufficiency, its inappropriate use can increase the risk of complications and incur unnecessary expenses. OBJECTIVE: Our goal was to evaluate the influence of both, the presence of the Nutritional Support Unit ...

Pulmonary ventilation of patients implanted with a nasogastric tube is often difficult for medical personnel, since air leakage through the facemask and nasogastric tube interface is inevitable. Here we designed and tested a special facemask to improve ventilation in these patients. Forty patients with ASA class I-II were randomly assigned ...

OBJECTIVE: Early defecation after reconstructive anal surgery may influence the outcome negatively. Different methods are used to avoid bowel movements in the early postoperative period. We questioned whether stool behaviour is influenced by total parenteral nutrition as opposed to enteral nutrition with resorbable sip feeds. Furthermore, satisfaction of patients with ...

OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of combination therapy, with erythromycin and metoclopramide, to erythromycin alone in the treatment of feed intolerance in critically ill patients. DESIGN: Randomized, controlled, double-blind trial. SETTING: Mixed medical and surgical intensive care unit. PATIENTS: Seventy-five mechanically ventilated, medical patients with feed intolerance (gastric residual volume ...

BACKGROUND: Historically, the prevention of functional morbidity after multimodal treatment for squamous cell carcinoma in patients with large base of tongue lesions has been challenging. The purpose of the present research is to report prospectively collected speech and swallowing outcomes for patients with disease that encompassed half or more of ...

BACKGROUND: We hypothesized that preoperative and/or postoperative enteral immune-enhanced formulas that are supplemented with arginine, omega-3 fatty acids, and RNA may reduce postoperative complications in patients undergoing esophagectomy for thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). METHODS: Forty patients who underwent esophagectomy were divided into three groups: group A (n = ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: A percutaneous nephrostomy (PCN) done on the same side as a previous open nephrolithotomy is always technically challenging. A novel one-step PCN tube that allows the puncture and placement of a drainage tube to be done in a single step has been developed. The hydrophilic coating on ...

OBJECTIVE: Anastomotic leakage is one of the most important causes of morbidity and mortality in gastrointestinal surgery. We investigated the effect of oral glutamine on the healing of high-output intestinal fistula. SETTING: A tertiary Universitary Hospital of the University of Mato Grosso, Cuiaba, Brazil. Patients and methods: 28 patients (25 ...

BACKGROUND: Although perioperative immune-enhancing enteral formula (IEEF) is effective to decrease the rate of infectious complications, it is not clear whether perioperative use of IEEF decreases the incidence of postoperative complications and improves clinical outcome in patients who have undergone esophagectomy. A prospective randomized clinical trial was performed to examine ...

Omentoplasty is frequently used as a safeguard in rectal cancer surgery for wrapping the anastomosis or filling up the pelvic cavity. The omentum is known for its infection defence and haemostatic and angiogenic properties. A disadvantage was hypothesized to be prolonged post-operative ileus, as omentoplasty interrupts the blood flow from ...

AIMS: To report on peri-operative nutritional status in gastric cancer patients undergoing total gastrectomy, and to examine the role of post-operative parenteral nutrition. METHODS: Retrospective study of prospectively collected data on 90 consecutive patients who underwent total gastrectomy for malignancy. RESULTS: At diagnosis 46% of patients reported clinically severe weight ...

OBJECTIVE AND METHODS: Forty-one (20 m, 21 f) non-oncological home parenteral nutrition (HPN) patients (52.0+/-16.6 years, BMI 20.2+/-4.0 kg/m(2)), enrolled from 1995 to 2005, underwent a clinical and biochemical follow-up at 3 months, 1 and 3 years. RESULTS: At admittance the Karnofsky Index ranged between 40 and 50 in 13 ...

AIM: To discuss the merits of "tubes treatment" for esophageal fistula (EF). METHODS: A 66-year-old female who suffered from a bronchoesophageal and esophagothoratic fistula underwent a successful "three tubes treatment" (close chest drainage, negative pressure suction at the leak, and nasojejunal feeding tube), combination of antibiotics, antacid drugs and nutritional ...