BACKGROUND: Halitosis, or oral malodor, is a term used to describe noticeably unpleasant odors exhaled in breathing whether the smell is from an oral source or not. Oral causes have been proposed to be responsible for the majority of halitosis complaints. The study aims to investigate the tonsils as an ...

BACKGROUND: More than half of the patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy experience postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). This condition is related to the surgical, anesthetic, and patient factors. Volatile anesthetics, nitrous oxide, and opioids are known anesthetic risk factors for PONV, and thus preventive measures are justified. Propofol-based total intravenous anesthesia ...

OBJECTIVE: Serious morbidity and mortality following snakebite injuries are common in tropical regions of the world. Although antivenom administration is clinically effective, it carries an important risk of early anaphylactic reactions, ranging from relatively benign nausea, vomiting, and urticaria to life-threatening angioedema, bronchospasm and hypotension. Currently, no adequately powered study ...

OBJECTIVE: To compare the administration of sub hypnotic dose of propofol with metoclopramide and placebo in prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) after middle ear surgery. METHODS: This clinical research was performed in the Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Besevler, Ankara, Turkey, between December 2004 and October 2005. Following ...

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To determine the efficacy of transdermal scopolamine in addition to ondansetron in decreasing the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). DESIGN: Randomized controlled trial. SETTING: Academic hospital. PATIENTS: 126 ASA physical status I and II patients undergoing outpatient plastic surgery with three or more risk factors for ...

BACKGROUND: The impact of the type of fluid on postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is not well defined. In this study we investigated the effects of colloids or crystalloids on PONV when given in addition to a background minimal crystalloid infusion in a female population of surgical patients. METHODS: This ...

A prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of dexamethasone for reducing postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) and analgesic requirements after middle ear surgery. Adult Japanese patients were allocated randomly to 1 of 3 groups (n = 30 each) to receive either placebo or dexamethasone at ...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether adenotonsillectomy leads to complete resolution in children with PFAPA (periodic fever, aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis, and cervical adenitis) syndrome. STUDY DESIGN: Thirty-nine children with PFAPA syndrome were randomized to either adenotonsillectomy (surgery group; n = 19) or expectant management (control group; n = 20). All patients were ...

BACKGROUND: Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) are common complications after ambulatory surgery. We sought to determine whether the use of transdermal scopolamine (TDS) in combination with IV ondansetron (OND) is more effective than one alone for reducing PONV in outpatient settings. METHODS: In a randomized, double blind, multicenter trial, 620 ...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Dexamethasone given to prevent postoperative nausea and vomiting may produce significant hyperglycaemia in the perioperative period. The effect of dexamethasone on patients with impaired glucose tolerance is unknown. METHODS: Thirty obese patients with impaired glucose tolerance undergoing laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery were studied in a double-blind ...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to compare the postoperative analgesic efficacy and side-effects of intravenous tramadol with peritonsillar infiltration of tramadol in children undergoing adenotonsillectomy. METHODS: Sixty-six children were randomized into two groups: group I received 2 mg kg(-1) tramadol intravenously and group II received 2 ...

We conducted a randomized clinical trial of patients undergoing laparoscopic gynecologic surgery to determine the effect of a calculated preoperative fluid bolus on postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). For the study, 46 women were randomly assigned to an experimental group, group 1, or a control group, group 2. Group 1 ...

Previous studies have shown that acupressure bands can reduce chemotherapy-related nausea. Patients' expectations of efficacy account for part of this outcome. We conducted a three-arm randomized clinical trial to investigate the effectiveness of acupressure bands in controlling radiation therapy-induced nausea and to test whether an informational manipulation designed to increase ...

Acupuncture has potential value in producing analgesia in the postoperative period, but previous trials have inconsistent results. We aimed to study the effect of electroacupuncture on pain and nausea and the requirement for postoperative analgesia via patient-controlled analgesia. 107 patients who were undergoing abdominal hysterectomy or laparascopic cholecystectomy were randomised ...

BACKGROUND: A combination of antiemetic drugs could be an effective method to prevent severe postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). Therefore, we examined the prophylactic effect of haloperidol plus ondansetron on PONV. METHODS: We enrolled 210 patients (n = 70 in each of 3 groups) undergoing elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy for this ...

AIM: To evaluate the relationship between the incidence of late post-tonsillectomy haemorrhage and its prevalence in a definite period of the day. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: This retrospective study was carried out in the Ear Nose Throat (ENT) Unit of Giannina Gaslini Institute, Genoa, Italy on children operated for adenotonsillectomy ...

Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) remains a significant problem in modern anesthetic practice, with an incidence in high-risk groups of up to 80%. In addition to being unpleasant and distressing for the patient, PONV has the potential to adversely affect patient and surgical outcomes. Advances in PONV prophylaxis over recent ...

OBJECTIVE: To determine the level of satisfaction in terms of intra-operative pain and postoperative nausea, vomiting and backache among patients receiving spinal anaesthesia for caesarean section. STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey. PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY: Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care at the Combined Military Hospital, Bahawalpur, from August 2005 ...

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to describe the natural history, identify risk factors, and determine outcomes for the development of postoperative delirium in the elderly. BACKGROUND: Postoperative delirium is a common and deleterious complication in geriatric patients. METHODS: Subjects older than 50 years scheduled for an operation requiring ...

OBJECTIVE: To compare dexmedetomidine with remifentanil in desflurane based ambulatory gynecologic laparoscopic surgery, in respect to its effects on orientation, discharge time, nausea-vomiting, and postoperative analgesic need. METHODS: Sixty 20-40 year old ASA I-II patients undergoing gynecologic laparoscopic surgery were randomized into 2 groups. This study was performed in the ...

Most craniosynostosis cases are treated by cranial expansion before 1 year of age. Occasionally, patients present at a later age with nonspecific symptoms of increased intracranial pressure. The purpose of this study was to review the symptoms of patients undergoing late cranial vault expansion. In all cases, the indication for ...

INTRODUCTION: In this prospective, randomized, and double-blinded study we investigated the efficacy of haloperidol (10 microg/kg) and the combination of haloperidol (10 microg/kg) with ondansetron (0.1 mg/kg) for the prophylaxis of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) after ophthalmologic surgery. METHODS: 60 patients (ASA status 1-3) with risk factors for PONV ...

BACKGROUND: Preoperative carbohydrate (CHO) reduces perioperative insulin resistance and improves preoperative patient comfort. We tested the hypotheses that preoperative CHO reduces the risk of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) and improves early postoperative patient comfort. METHODS: Two hundred women scheduled for thyroidectomy were randomly allocated to drink 50 g CHO ...

New evidence of potential risks of aprotinin in 2006 generated public concern about a previously approved drug that was routinely used. In response, we assembled a team of experts within the institution to form guidelines for the appropriate use of aprotinin in cardiac surgery. We report the basis for the ...

BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: Dexamethasone has been reported to reduce postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) after laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). However, its effect on other surgical outcomes such as pain and fatigue have been unclear. The purpose of this clinical study was to evaluate the efficacy of preoperative dexamethasone in ameliorating postoperative symptoms after ...

Postoperative and postdischarge nausea and vomiting (PONV and PDNV, respectively) add morbidity to perioperative outcomes. Combining some antiemetic agents of different mechanisms is more effective than using single agents, although this concept has not yet been tested extensively with aprepitant. Consecutive high-risk patients for PONV (n = 100) were given ...

BACKGROUND: Along with postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), postanesthetic shivering (PAS) is one of the leading causes of distress postoperatively. Previous studies report on a decrease in incidence of PAS due to ketamine administration; however, the S(+) isomer of ketamine has not been evaluated before. Additionally the administration of ketamine ...

INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the clinical presentation of accidental dextromethorphan (DXM) ingestions in children <5 years old. Two consecutive years of poison center patient encounters were reviewed. Data including age, outcomes, amount of DXM ingested, co-ingestions, vital signs, clinical manifestations, hospital admissions, and mortality were ...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of a single preoperative dose of steroid on thyroidectomy outcomes. BACKGROUND: Nausea, pain, and voice alteration frequently occur after thyroidectomy. Because steroids effectively reduce nausea and inflammation, a preoperative administration of steroids could improve these thyroidectomy outcomes. METHODS: Seventy-two patients (men = 20, women = ...

OBJECTIVES: To compare bipolar diathermy with cold dissection in paediatric tonsillectomy. METHODS: One hundred and fifty children were randomized equally into bipolar diathermy tonsillectomy (BDT) and cold dissection tonsillectomy (CDT). Operative time, operative blood loss, postoperative pain, diet intake, activity level and complications were compared in the 2 groups. RESULTS: ...

Abstract Purpose: To find the efficacy of auricular acupuncture for the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting after cholecystectomy. Materials and Methods: One hundred (100) female patients undergoing transabdominal cholecystectomy were randomly allocated to two groups of 50 (auricular acupuncture treatment group and nontreatment group) in order to test the ...

OBJECTIVE: To determine the impact of prophylactic corticosteroid administration on postoperative nausea, vomiting, pain and complications in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. DATA SOURCES: We searched 4 bibliographic databases, conference proceedings, reference lists of articles and textbooks, and contacted experts in the field of anesthesia and hepatobiliary surgery. REVIEW METHODS: We ...

PURPOSE: The objective of this comparative study was to report on the use of 2 different pharmaceutical protocols involving 2 different anesthetic techniques (IV and balanced) to induce hypotension in patients submitted to orthognathic surgery by assessing the patients' intra- and postoperative physiologic response and hemodynamic stability. PATIENTS AND METHODS: ...

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was the evaluation of length of the procedure, anaesthesia, the amount of the intraoperative fluid required, total blood loss and postoperative pain of the 'thermal welding system tonsillectomy (TWS)' compared with the conventional 'cold dissection tonsillectomy'. METHODS: Fifty patients aged between 3 and 28 ...

This study was performed to assess postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) with application of postoperative continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for patients undergoing Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB). The anesthesia database was searched for patients who underwent RYGB for 5 years. Three hundred fifty-six patients met the inclusive criteria. Wilcoxon two-sample ...

BACKGROUND: A number of studies investigated the use of P6 stimulation for the prevention of intraoperative and postoperative nausea and vomiting (IONV and PONV) in women having cesarean delivery under neuraxial anesthesia. We performed a systematic review to determine the overall efficacy of these techniques in preventing IONV and PONV ...

BACKGROUND: This is a prospective study to determine the pattern of postoperative nausea and vomiting in a Nigerian adult population. METHOD: 348 consecutive patients were assessed prospectively for the incidence and risk factors of postoperative nausea and vomiting over a 6-month period. The exclusion criteria included inability to give consent, ...

BACKGROUND: Iron deficiency anemia is a common complication in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Currently available intravenous (IV) iron replacement therapies have either inconvenient regimens of administration or adverse event profiles that limit their utility in the outpatient setting. Ferumoxytol is a novel, semisynthetic, carbohydrate-coated, superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle ...

Nausea and vomiting may occur in a significant minority of patients following hepatic artery embolization with yttrium-90 spheres (K. T. Sato et al. Radiology 247:507-515, 2008). This encumbers human and economic resources and undercuts the assertion that it is as a well-tolerated outpatient treatment. A single intravenous dose of palonosetron ...

Middle ear surgery (tympanoplasty and mastoidectomy) performed under general or local anesthesia is associated with a high incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). Between 50% and 80% of patients who undergo these surgical procedures experience PONV. Numerous antiemetics have been studied for the prevention of PONV after middle ear ...

AIM: The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that pentoxifylline attenuate the oxidative stress signaling in patients undergoing nephrolithotomy. METHODS: Thirty two patients who considered for selective nephrolithotomy were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 groups of 16 each; a single dose of IV PTX 500 mg ...

BACKGROUND: Postoperative vomiting (POV) is a common complication after tonsillectomy. Dexamethasone is known to decrease postsurgical vomiting. In this study, we compared the effects of dexamethasone alone to dexamethasone plus propofol on postoperative vomiting in children undergoing tonsillectomy. METHODS: In a randomized double-blinded study, we evaluated 80 healthy children, aged ...

BACKGROUND: Whether nitrous oxide (N(2)O) increases the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) after laparoscopic gynecologic surgery is still controversial, which may be due to the administration of different concentrations of inspired N(2)O. We investigated whether N(2)O results in a dose-response increase in PONV. METHODS: Patients undergoing gynecologic laparoscopic ...

Breast augmentation is one of the leading esthetic surgeries, enjoying high satisfaction rates. Pain, nausea, and vomiting are frequent shortcomings of the immediate postoperative period. The aim of this study was to compare breast augmentation from the anesthetic point of view: general anesthesia (GA) versus monitored anesthesia care (MAC). The ...

BACKGROUND: Different methods have been suggested to prevent postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), but the efficacy of these methods has not been fully studied in fast track cardiac anesthesia (FTCA). METHODS: In a randomized double blind clinical trial study, 120 patients aged 18-70 years with ASA II or III, undergoing ...

Coagulation alterations may be involved in osteonecrosis in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Retrospectively, we evaluated the available coagulation parameters at diagnosis and during induction treatment of 161 acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients: 24 with symptomatic osteonecrosis (median age: 13.8 years, range 4.0-17.2) and 137 without osteonecrosis (median age: 4.9 years, range ...

BACKGROUND: Emesis and nausea are common adverse effects of chemotherapy. Consequences include dehydration, acute renal failure, esophageal rupture, electrolyte imbalance and undernutrition, among others. First-generation 5-HT3 antagonists significantly reduce these symptoms but are expensive and require administration every 8-12h. Palonosetron, a second generation 5-HT3 antagonist has proven better results in ...

OBJECTIVES: To compare the efficacy and safety of BiClamp forceps tonsillectomy (BT) with standard electrocautery tonsillectomy (ET) in terms of postoperative pain and complication rates. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective randomized study. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The following variables were examined: postoperative complications, intraoperative blood loss, operating time, postoperative pain and diet scores ...

BACKGROUND: In this prospective, multicenter, observational study, we evaluated the incidence and time course of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), assessed prophylactic and rescue antiemetic use in high-risk patients, and determined population-based effectiveness of antiemetics, including the impact of American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) and American Society of Perianesthesia Nurses ...

BACKGROUND: Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) remain common complications after elective surgery. Prophylactic antiemetic drugs are frequently administered to patients with well known risk factors for developing PONV. We designed this prospective observational study to assess the relationship between common patient risk factors for developing PONV and the occurrence of ...