A bronchopulmonary vein fistula (BVF) establishes a communication between a pulmonary vein and the alveolar space presumably secondary to alveolar rupture from increase in alveolar pressure. This rare fistula allows air to move continuously from the lungs to a pulmonary vein and into the left side of the heart causing ...

BACKGROUND: Although studies have found diminished aortic root motion in left ventricular systolic dysfunction, few data exist on aortic root excursion in isolated right ventricular dysfunction due to chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). OBJECTIVE: We conducted this study to evaluate aortic root excursion in CTEPH. METHODS: We studied 20 consecutive ...

PURPOSE: Coronary angiography using multidetector computed tomography (MDCT-CA) is a recent technique for the nonivasive study of coronary arteries. This study assessed the diagnostic accuracy of coronary artery stenosis evaluation obtained by three readers at different levels of training or at different points of the learning curve proposed by the ...

BACKGROUND: META-ANALYSES OF RANDOMIZED TRIALS HAVE SHOWN AN INCREASED RISK OF PERIPROCEDURAL STROKE AFTER CAROTID ARTERY STENTING (CAS) COMPARED WITH CAROTID ENDARTERECTOMY, WHICH MAY DIFFER IN SPECIFIC PATIENT SUBGROUPS. KNOWLEDGE OF RISK FACTORS FOR CEREBRAL EMBOLIC LESIONS DURING CAS MAY IMPACT TREATMENT DECISIONS FOR THE INDIVIDUAL PATIENT, BUT THESE FACTORS ...

BACKGROUND: INTERNAL THORACIC ARTERIES (ITAS) ARE FREQUENTLY ANASTOMOSED TO THE CORONARY CIRCULATION FOR BYPASS GRAFTING. THE PURPOSE OF THIS RESEARCH WAS TO INVESTIGATE IN VIVO THE LONG-TERM MORPHOFUNCTIONAL CHANGES OF ITAS AFTER THEIR USE AS CORONARY ARTERY BYPASS CONDUITS, BY COMPARING THE MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES AND VASOREACTIVITY OF THE GRAFTED LEFT ...

Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) is a potentially serious medical disorder, which may result in pulmonary embolism (PE) and death. Compression ultrasound (CUS) is the investigation modality of choice for the diagnosis of DVT of the lower limb. Diagnosis of proximal thrombosis involving the pelvic veins is difficult, and is usually ...

Abstract Background: Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) is the most common valvular heart disease and characterized by the displacement of an abnormally thickened mitral valve leaflet into the left atrium during systole. There are two types of MVP, broadly classified as classic (thickness ≥5 mm) and non-classic (thickness <5 mm) according to the ...

Many people carry cerebral aneurysms but are generally unaware of their presence until they rupture, resulting in high morbidity or mortality. The pathogenesis and aetiology of aneurysms are largely unknown; however, a greater understanding, by analysing the genetic, molecular and haemodynamic risk factors involved in the initiation, enlargement, and rupture ...

Although a number of publications have described the natural history of patients with aortic stenosis (AS), the definition of "natural history" varies widely. Those describing a large number of patients with AS without operative therapy with necropsy findings are rare. Two hundred sixty patients >15 years of age with AS ...

INTRODUCTION: This study aims to evaluate the primary patency and clinical outcomes after stenting for residual iliac venous stenosis during catheter-directed thrombolysis treatment of acute iliofemoral deep vein thrombosis arising from May-Thurner syndome. METHODS: A retrospective study was done for the all patients who underwent iliac vein stenting after catheter-directed ...

INTRODUCTION: Spontaneous atraumatic true axillary artery aneurysm is a relatively unusual disorder. Although most cases are asymptomatic, complications of axillary artery aneurysms may result in acute vascular insufficiency and neurological deficits. Prompt treatment, therefore, should be employed in the management of this condition. To date, the standard treatment for peripheral ...

We report a successful staged repair for a quite rare combination of truncus arteriosus (TA), Van Praagh type A4, and abnormal origin of the left coronary artery (CA). Furthermore, the case was complicated by a variant of the chromosomal anomaly in cat-cry syndrome. The presence of interruption of the aortic ...

We report a case of bronchopleural-cutaneous fistula following long-term vacuum-assisted closure therapy to manage a sternal dehiscence after coronary artery bypass surgery.

A 68-year-old man was diagnosed with infarction of the cerebellum and medulla oblongata caused by vertebral artery dissection manifesting as severe stenosis with poor collateral flow. He underwent superficial temporal artery (STA)-superior cerebellar artery (SCA) bypass for the prevention of fatal brain stem infarction. He had consciousness disturbance 2 days postoperatively. ...

We reported the case of unicuspid aortic valve in sibling, suggesting the familial incidence and genetic relation. A 41-year-old man (elder brother) with 79 mmHg of aortic valvular peak pressure gradient (peak PG) underwent aortic valve replacement with mechanical prosthetic valve (ATS 21 mm). The intraoperative finding showed the unicuspid aortic valve ...

To assess role of combined modality of mechanical fragmentation and intralesional thrombolysis in patients with massive pulmonary embolism presenting subacutely. Eight of 70 patients presenting in tertiary care centre of North India with massive pulmonary embolism within 4 years had subacute presentation (symptom onset more than 2 wk). These patients ...

OBJECTIVE: This study aims at evaluating the safety and efficacy of a porous stent system consisting of multiple overlapping uncovered stents in the treatment of complex aortic aneurysms with vital branches. METHODS: Data of all patients with aortic aneurysms treated in our center with multiple overlapping uncovered stents between February ...

OBJECTIVES: We report a modification ("Greek maneuver") of the standard atrial septal defect (ASD) closure technique using the Amplatzer septal occluder (ASO) to facilitate closure of large ASDs with deficient aortic or posterior rims. METHODS: 185 patients (median 10.8, range 3 to 52years) with large ASDs (mean diameter 26±7mm, range ...

PURPOSE: Coronary artery disease remains one of the most significant causes of morbidity and mortality among women. The published literature shows the importance of standard single photon emission computed tomography in the evaluation of women with known or suspected ischaemic heart disease, in terms of target intervention and clinical treatment. ...

Acute basilar artery occlusion has a poor prognosis and best treatment has not been assessed yet; as for intra-arterial treatment, no "gold standard" exists. We evaluated a series of ten patients treated with intra-arterial combination of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA) and abciximab. Partial/complete recanalisation was achieved in all patients ...

PURPOSE: We describe the anatomic characteristics on preoperative CT angiography (CTA) that predispose to type-2 endoleaks after endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) for an abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA). METHODS: Between 1999 and 2010, 326 patients had a CTA before and after EVAR. CTAs were reviewed for maximal sac diameter, >50 % circumferential ...

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the safety and efficacy of a new endoluminal occlusion device, ArtVentive endoluminal occlusion system (EOS), to occlude the spermatic vein in symptomatic males with varicoceles. METHODS: The ArtVentive EOS device has been developed for percutaneous, peripheral occlusion of the peripheral arterial ...

BACKGROUND: Several external and internal risk factors for cerebral aneurysm rupture have been identified to date. Recently, it has been reported that moon phases correlate with the incidence of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), however, another author found no such association. Therefore, the present study investigates the influence of the lunar ...

To investigate the patterns and diagnostic implications of coronary arterial lesion calcification by CT angiography (CTA) using a novel, cross-sectional grading method, we studied 371 patients enrolled in the CorE-64 study who underwent CTA and invasive angiography for detecting coronary artery stenoses by quantitative coronary angiography (QCA). The number of ...

BACKGROUND: -The pathophysiology of low flow, low gradient severe aortic stenosis (LGSAS) with preserved ejection fraction (EF) is poorly understood. It has been proposed that abnormalities of the arterial circulation are a major contributor to this syndrome. METHODS AND RESULTS: -We invasively examined systemic arterial afterload (effective arterial elastance, Ea; ...

Acute aortocaval fistula (ACF) is a rare, life-threatening condition with a complex clinical presentation, making prompt diagnosis challenging. Primary ACF is believed to be associated with abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) rupture in 80% of the cases. Thrombotic complications following endovascular repair for acute ACF are rare and less widely recognized. ...

Mycotic pseudoaneurysms are relatively infrequent entities, and the best means of management of them remain to be elucidated due to their small number and medical complexities surrounding them. We present here an interesting case of a mycotic pseudoaneurysm of the superficial femoral artery along with our management of the case ...

A 65-year-old man with a tender, 98-mm-diameter, pararenal aortic aneurysm was referred to our center. This patient was unfit for open repair and could not wait 8 weeks for a custom-made endograft to be manufactured. We describe the endovascular treatment of his aneurysm with a 4-branch endograft that had been ...

BACKGROUND: The management of hepatic artery aneurysms has evolved largely because of changes in etiology and presentation, and advances in endovascular therapy. Although many case reports have been published on the condition, few have been from developing countries and few have compared patient outcomes after angioembolization and surgery. PATIENTS AND ...

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the incidence and complications of accidental cannulation of retroperitoneal veins during venography for inferior vena cava (IVC) filter placement. METHODS: In total, 641 patients who underwent IVC filter placement were retrospectively reviewed. Incidence of accidental cannulation of retroperitoneal veins during venography ...

Intentional coverage of the celiac artery (CA) can extend the distal landing zone necessary for thoracic endovascular aortic repair. A comprehensive review identified 93 cases in 17 reports describing this technique. The majority (87%) were elective procedures. Prior to endograft deployment, 21 patients underwent CA embolization. Of the remaining, three ...

BACKGROUND: Chronic changes in flow rate through arteries produce adjustment of arterial diameters. We compared the relationship between flow velocity and diameter in the carotid and in the vertebral arteries of stroke patients. METHODS: Using triplex ultrasonography, the internal diameter and flow velocities of the common carotid, internal carotid, and ...

We report a case of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia in a patient on low molecular weight heparin bridge therapy who developed acute abdominal aortic stent-graft thrombosis 1 week after uncomplicated endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair. The diagnosis was confirmed by a computed tomographic scan of the abdomen. The patient was successfully treated ...

An 81-year-old woman presented with dizziness and nasal bleeding. Gastrointestinal fiberscopy (GIF) showed a pulsatile aneurysm in the duodenum, and that the orifice of the papilla of Vater was involved. Three-dimensional computed tomography imaging showed an unruptured aneurysm in the pancreatic duodenal arcade. The patient underwent an emergent endovascular embolization ...

OBJECTIVES: To analyse the characteristics of basilar artery (BA) fenestrations and their coexistence with aneurysms and other anomalies in a massive cases by computed tomographic angiography (CTA). METHODS: A total of 5,657 sequential cerebral CTA images performed from January 2006 to February 2012 were reviewed. CTA images were obtained from ...

We experienced a rare cause of aortic bioprosthesis deterioration in which one of the leaflets disappeared 8.7 years after primary aortic valve replacement (AVR) in a male octogenarian. Successful redo AVR with a 23-mm Magna EASE (Carpentier-Edwards, Irvine, CA) was performed. No embolic complications occurred. We were unable to identify the ...

This article will review the computed tomography (CT) findings in patients with portal vein aneurysms (including presentation of several case examples) and discuss imaging criteria and management options. Given the extreme rarity of portal vein aneurysms, as well as a lack of familiarity with the entity on the part of ...

A 7-day-old female neonate was referred to the pediatric emergency department due to cyanosis and respiratory distress. Her arterial oxygen saturation was 65%. The Coarctation of the aorta, infracardiac total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage without obstruction and pulmonary artery hypertension were diagnosed by echocardiography. Emergency corrective surgery was done without ...

Cervical dissections are a rare but potentionally devastating complication of positioning in anesthetized patients. A 40-year-old woman was noted to have right arm weakness after a prolonged dental procedure. Imaging revealed bilateral carotid dissections with severe stenosis. The patient had further clinical deterioration despite therapeutic anticoagulation. Carotid stenting of the ...

Surgical aortic valve replacement is the treatment of choice in patients with severe symptomatic aortic valve stenosis because it provides excellent early and long-term clinical outcomes in terms of hemodynamics, valve durability, and freedom from valve-related complications. In recent years, the number of high-risk patients being referred for surgical aortic ...

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency and gender distribution of variations in the aortic arch branching pattern using 64-slice computed tomograhic angiography. Materials and methods: A total of 1000 patients with a normal left-sided aortic arch who underwent computed tomographic angiography for various reasons were ...

OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of glucocorticoids on lipid profile, endothelial function and arterial wall mechanics in children. METHODS: Thirty patients who had received glucocorticoids for 4 to 8 wk were compared with 30 age and sex matched healthy controls. Baseline evaluation included weight, height, body mass index (BMI), blood pressure ...

Coronary artery fistulae are uncommon but may be haemodynamically significant, being an incidental finding in 0.1-0.2% of coronary angiograms. Even rarer is the association between fistulae and non-atherosclerotic coronary artery aneurysms. They most frequently originate in the right coronary artery, and the right cardiac chambers are the most common draining ...

Thoracic aortic endografting has been successfully implemented to treat aneurysmal disease of the distal aortic arch and descending thoracic aorta. Although there are reports of ascending aortic endovascular interventions, the total endovascular repair of a ruptured ascending aorta secondary to a Type A dissection has not been described. We report ...

We report the first case of mitral stenosis following Mitra-Clip insertion in a patient with symptomatic NYHA IV heart failure, secondary to severe mitral regurgitation (MR). A 79 year old female with a history of prior aortic valve replacement underwent percutaneous mitral valve repair. A single clip was advanced coaxially ...

Bland-White-Garland syndrome, also known as anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery, is a rare congenital disorder affecting around one in 300 000 live births. The majority of these present within the first year of life with 90% mortality rate if untreated and consequently is an extremely ...

Absence of the aortic valve is a rare congenital heart defect that is detectable in the prenatal period. In this condition, functional aortic valve leaflets are absent; in their place are rudimentary, immobile noncoapting plate-like structures at the level of the annulus resulting in severe aortic regurgitation. We report the ...

Williams-Beuren syndrome (WBS) is a multisystem genetic disorder comprising of craniofacial, developmental, and cardiac malformations. The most common cardiac defects found are supravalvar aortic stenosis and peripheral pulmonary stenosis. However, WBS should be regarded as a general arteriopathy consisting of stenoses of medium- and large-sized arteries including the coronary arteries. ...

Case reports have shown that an intermediate stenosis of a donor artery providing collaterals distal to a chronic total occlusion (CTO) may produce an ischemic fractional flow reserve (FFR) response which reverts to normal with successful percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). We present a consecutive series of CTO patients with donor ...

Internal mammary artery (IMA) arteriovenous fistulae (AVF) are exceedingly rare. There have been a few case reports documenting incidences of IMA AVFs arising from traumatic, iatrogenic and congenital causes. Recommendations for management of IMA AVFs vary from open surgical ligation-excision to transcatheter embolization to observation. We present an unusual case ...