In order to elucidate whether tissue damage produced on occasion by intramuscular injection of long-acting penicillin is due to accidental intra-arterial injection or vasospasm, two types of experiments were carried out in rabbits. In the first set of experiments, six New Zealand White rabbits were given intra-arterial injections of 0.4 ...

We have evaluated the use of the completely implantable infusaid pump in 22 patients with advanced cancer confined to the head and neck. Unilateral head lesions are treated with a single-catheter pump infusing the external carotid artery. A dual-catheter pump is used for midline or bilateral head lesions (both external ...

This article describes our initial experience with intraoperative infusion of the fibrinolytic agent streptokinase. Five patients with various complications of atherosclerosis manifested by limb-threatening ischemia were treated by balloon-catheter thromboembolectomy followed by intra-arterial streptokinase infusion. In each patient viability of the involved extremity was questionable after removal of all thrombus ...

The effects of specific treatments of the caudal ventrolateral medulla (CVLM) on vasopressin (AVP) release and arterial pressure (AP) were examined in urethane-anesthetized rabbits. Electrical stimulation of the CVLM for 5 minutes did not increase plasma AVP; it did however elicit an acute fall in arterial pressure. Similarly, stimulation of ...

Recovery of adenosine triphosphate after myocardial ischemia is limited by the slow adenine nucleotide de novo synthesis and the availability of precursors of the nucleotide salvage pathways. We determined the adenine nucleotide de novo synthesis in the dog by infusion of [14C]glycine and the acceleration of adenine nucleotide built up ...

The blood supply to the knee arises from a vascular plexus that surrounds the joint. The descending genicular artery, the medial and lateral inferior genicular arteries, the medial and lateral superior genicular arteries, the middle genicular artery, and the anterior and posterior tibial recurrent arteries contribute vessels that supply the ...

A patient presented with a painful, oedematous, cyanosed hand having injected a solution of diamorphine and methylphenidate into his radial artery. Treatment was started with heparin and vasodilators. Benefit from this was limited and a course of intra-arterial urokinase was instituted. This gave almost total resolution of the injury. The ...

Cisplatin (CDDP) was microencapsulated with ethylcellulose, and microcapsules (CDDP-mc) were infused into the maxillary arteries of patients with various head and neck carcinomas. We then found that the CDDP level in the circulating blood was significantly lower than that in patients administrated intravenous non-excapsulated CDDP. However, significantly high concentrations of ...

Selective renal artery embolization with absolute ethanol was performed without balloon occlusion in a series of 11 healthy mongrel dogs. Electrocardiogram, blood ethanol level, heart rate, and blood pressure of the aorta and pulmonary artery were monitored. Ventricular extrasystoles and/or ventricular fibrillation occurred in six of the 11 dogs, to ...

Because arterial cannulation assists in management of critically ill patients (pts), we assessed the utility of extending intra-arterial monitoring to hospitalized patients suffering in-hospital cardiopulmonary arrest outside of intensive care wards. A totally self-contained, readily portable system for rapid insertion of emergency intra-arterial lines was evaluated in 16 pts from ...

The chemotherapeutic agents 1-3 bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU) and cis-diamminedichloroplatinum II (cisplatin) have both shown activity against malignant glioma, especially when given by arterial infusion. The combination of these agents given by this method is logical because their individual major toxicities are directed at different organ systems, and because of their differences ...

Volumetric infusion pumps are widely used for intravenous infusions. We have extended their use to the intra-arterial infusion of drugs. An in vitro evaluation of the performance of such devices, under experimental conditions comparable to an intra-arterial infusion, was carried out. The results obtained confirmed the accuracy of volumetric infusion ...

The development of the intra-intestinal artery in the Australian lungfish, Neoceratodus forsteri was studied by dye injection. The right arterior wall of the midgut changes to become the valvular wall of the original part of the spiral valve owing to the shift of the foregut towards the posterior and the ...

The histopathological data presented support a new concept for the origin of the cells which cause intimal thickening of arteries. Arterial segments, isolated between ligatures, when examined by intravascular contrast techniques, showed penetration of vasa-vasora and formation of intra-arterial granulation tissue which produced myointimal thickening. Transitional forms between pericytes and ...

During fluorescein angiography, sodium fluorescein dye intended for intravenous use was inadvertently injected into an artery in the antecubital fossa. An immediate and dramatic orange discoloration of the skin distal to the injection combined with intense burning pain of the right forearm and hand were noted. The patient was treated ...

Technical advances that have provided reliable long-term vascular access are described in the setting of pulse and continuous venous chemotherapy infusion and for regional arterial drug delivery. Despite dramatic improvement in the morbidity of such access procedures, it is important to remember that their value still depends upon the effectiveness ...

Transcatheter intra-arterial therapy for the cancer patient encompasses infusion of chemotherapy and embolization. Intra-arterial infusion of chemotherapeutic agents has been resurrected because of the availability of new drugs, combinations of drugs, and the capability of percutaneous selective catheter placement. Intra-arterial infusion has been effective in patients with carcinomas of the ...

Shock and arterial insufficiency have been observed to be associated with increased levels of sepsis and mortality. As the vast majority of small recirculating lymphocytes reach lymph nodes in arterial blood, the haemodynamic components of lymph node function would appear to be of importance. Lymphocyte traffic in sheep, as mirrored ...

A case of inadvertent intra-arterial self-injection of crushed codeine tablets in an 37-year-old man, resulting in gangrene of an upper extremity, is presented. The problem studied was whether the gangrene was caused by the codeine or by one of the excipients found in the tablets. The cause of the gangrene ...

A drug addict experienced a necrotizing cellulitis of his scrotum and medial thigh after an injection of heroin into his left femoral artery. It is proposed that the arterial injection was directly responsible for producing the low tissue oxygen tension necessary for the synergistic growth of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria ...

We treated 27 cases of arterial thromboembolism, including nine thrombosed grafts, with intra-arterial (IA) streptokinase. Complete lysis without significant residual lesions was achieved in eight (30%) of the cases, and partial lysis with sustained improvement was achieved in an additional six cases (22%). Partial lysis revealing inaccessible residual disease in ...

Between 1973 and 1981 1000 successful studies involving ambulatory monitoring of intra-arterial blood pressure were performed using percutaneous cannulation of the brachial artery. We have reviewed the clinical effects of these studies and 35 other cases where attempted cannulation was unsuccessful. One major complication occurred, when an infected haematoma arising ...

Several substances including prostaglandin F2 alpha, progesterone and 85-krypton have been shown to be transferred from the venous side to the arterial side of the circulation in the ovarian vascular pedicle. Experiments were therefore carried out to study the transfer of three pairs of steroids (progesterone and 20 alpha-dihydroprogesterone, C-21; ...

The metabolic clearance rate (MCR) and maximal rate of glycerol removal (Rd max) were determined in anesthetized dogs at two time periods after the intravenous administration of either Escherichia coli endotoxin or saline. The nonisotopic method employed in these studies to determine the MCR of glycerol consisted of a constant ...

Arterial catheter tip position and arterial flow was monitored by intra-arterial infusion of 99Tcm macroaggregated albumin in patients treated by intra-arterial chemotherapy. Variations in arterial flow pattern as monitored by macroaggregated albumin perfusion studies were encountered in 16 patients without apparent change in the catheter position as monitored by arteriographic ...

Intra-arterial infusion of vanadate (VO4) in dogs produces a reduction in renal blood flow (RBF), glomerular filtration rate (GFR), urine flow (V), and the fractional excretion of sodium (FENa+). To evaluate the role of Ca2+ in these changes VO4 was infused into the renal artery in the presence of the ...

The effect of intracavernous injection of papaverine (ICIP) has been investigated in 45 men: 6 normally potent volunteers, 10 psychogenic, and 29 organic impotent males. The first two groups obtained erections within 10 minutes, lasting from 1 to 4 hours, after injection of 80 mg of papaverine. Those belonging to ...

Intra-arterial chemotherapy is supported by the rationale that regional infusion more than systemic administration can produce higher regional concentrations of cytotoxic drugs, thereby enhancing tumor kill. The hypothesis that intra-arterial infusion of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum II (DDP) enhances regional drug concentrations in tissue has not been studied. Therefore, 30 New Zealand white ...

The platelet release products thromboxane A2 (TxA2) and serotonin (5-HT) might contribute to coronary vasoconstriction in humans. We have examined the effects of a TxA2-like analogue (U46619), 5-HT, and epoprostenol (PGI2) on the left anterior descending coronary artery of the dog. Changes in diameter were measured by sonomicrometry during perfusion ...

We have used intra-arterial (i.a.) 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU) either alone or as part of adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with malignant brain tumors over a 3 year period (1979-1982). The i.a. BCNU technique was used 111 times to infuse 134 arteries in 37 patients. These patients, 28 cases with glial tumor and ...

Currently the chemotherapeutic agents available for intra-arterial infusion in metastatic liver cancer are limited to only a few. The recent demonstration of the feasibility of prolonged IV infusion of vincristine led to exploration of hepatic intra-arterial infusion of this agent. A continuous infusion of 0.4 mg total dose was administered ...

Five cases of recurrent cervical carcinoma with sites of recurrence restricted to the pelvis were treated by intra-arterial infusion of oncostatics via the bilateral internal iliac arteries. One tip of the catheter was positioned in the internal iliac artery, proximal and close to the superior glutea artery, through the arteria ...

Prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) is a rapid, potent vasodilator which, when infused into the arterial system in low doses by bolus injection, has no significant systemic effects and has a relatively long duration of action. Sixty-three hand angiograms were done on 55 patients, comparing PGE1 to tolazoline and to angiograms done ...

Selective intra-arterial infusions of streptokinase (SK) were made in 50 arteries of 45 patients with a variety of acute thromboembolic conditions. The most common regimen was 5,000 units of SK/hour for 24 to 48 hours with a simultaneous heparin infusion of 250 to 500 units/hour. Significant lysis occurred in 80% ...

Twenty-four patients classified as having Raynaud's disease or Raynaud's phenomenon were given bilateral brachial artery injections of reserpine or saline in a double-blind fashion. In the six weeks following injection, there was no indication that reserpine produced clinical improvement or changed vasomotor reactivity in the treated patients. However, intra-arterial reserpine ...

Regional treatment of advanced head and neck cancer by intra-arterial infusion has been tried for several years. The aim of such treatment is to increase the concentration of the drug in the tumor area while decreasing systemic toxicity. The exact localization of the intra-arterial catheter is thereby the key to ...

This report describes successful management of recent peripheral arterial occlusions by intra-arterial low dosage thrombolytic drug infusions and percutaneous balloon angioplasty. An intra-arterial infusion of either streptokinase or urokinase at 1/20 of the usual systemic dose was delivered through an angiographic catheter into the region of the thrombus. Clot lysis ...

On a total of 47 patients with pulmonary tumours (45 carcinomas and two pulmonary sarcomas) intra-arterial infusion therapy was performed via the bronchial artery (34 cases), the pulmonary artery (11 cases), the internal thoracic artery (1 case) and the intercostal artery (1 case). Cytostatic drugs were given to 43 patients ...

Immediately after radical neck dissection the external carotid artery is lengthened by an autogenic saphenous vein graft and sutured more proximally to the common carotid artery. All branches of the external carotid artery not contributing to the blood supply in the tumor region are ligated. After the wound has healed, ...

Fibrinolytic agents have been advocated for the treatment of massive pulmonary emboli. The usual mode of infusion is via a peripheral vein. Theoretically, infusion into the pulmonary artery would be expected to be more efficacious. A case representing the failure of intra-pulmonary artery infusion of fibrinolytic agents is presented. However, ...

Advanced or aggressive, but localised, malignancies can often be reduced to more curable proportions by the use of "basal chemotherapy", that is, using chemotherapy as the first mode of treatment, prior to definitive radiotherapy and/or surgical excision. In using anticancer agents, drug combinations, timing and methods of administration are employed ...

Twenty patients with bladder cancer were treated by semiselective intra-arterial chemotherapy with Adriamycin. Ten of them were given the agent while the femoral arteries were compressed, to prevent loss of the agent into the external iliac arteries. The other ten were given Adriamycin without this compression. Clinical and pathological responses ...

A totally implantable infusion pump (infusaid) has been developed to achieve continuous drug delivery for long periods of time. The recent availability of a dual-catheter totally implantable infusion pump permits the infusion of both external carotid arteries simultaneously. This has obvious advantages for the treatment of extensive tumors of the ...

The ocular side effects of carmustine (a nitrosurea) are not well established. Evidence of delayed bilateral ocular toxicity developed in two of 50 patients treated with high dose intravenous (IV) carmustine (800 mg/sq m) with autologous bone marrow rescue. Symptoms or signs of ocular toxicity became apparent four weeks following ...

Vascular spasm may complicate both traumatic injuries and disease processes. It may be severe enough that thrombosis and vascular compromise occur, causing tissue necrosis. Transient relief may be obtained by proximal sympathetic blocks, but these are not well tolerated by the patient and require repeated injections. This study shows that ...

A totally implantable system for the continuous and bolus delivery of intra-arterial chemotherapeutic agents to patients with malignant gliomas is described. The system utilizes an Infusaid pump (Infusaid Corp., Sharon, Massachusetts), which discharges the drug directly into the internal carotid artery and is percutaneously refillable. This system has been utilized ...

Prostaglandin E1 has a strong vasodilator effect, it inhibits the aggregation of platelets and improves the microcirculation. The hormone is synthesized from arachidonic acid and 80-90 per cent is eliminated in the first transit of the pulmonary circulation. From 1 January 1978 to 30 June 1981 100 patients suffering from ...

We report successful lysis of acute arterial calf thrombosis by intra-arterial streptokinase infusion seven hours after retroperitoneal dissection and repair of an ipsilateral common femoral artery laceration. No systemic effects or complications developed. Local intra-arterial thrombolytic therapy is more effective and safer than intravenous systemic therapy and may now be ...

Herein we describe a sixty-one-year-old man with unilateral segmental renal artery emboli treated with renal intra-arterial streptokinase infusion. The initial infusion rate was 9,000 units/hr. which was decreased to 5,000 units/hr. over the next six hours. Periodic arteriography demonstrated progressive lysis and virtual complete resolution after fifty-two hours of infusion. ...

Intra-arterial electrolysis was performed in the renal arteries of 10 pigs with platinum electrodes. Direct current was used and with correct technique firmly adherent thromboses in the arteries could regularly be made. The method is somewhat time-consuming and with unsuitable electrodes, too much current or too high current strength, vessel ...