Innervation by noradrenergic (NA) and neuropeptide Y-immunoreactive (NPY-IR) nerves to the pancreatic islets and the arteries supplying the islets was studied by immunocytochemistry in 6- and 20-week-old spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY). Since both the NA and NPY-IR nerves follow the intra- and interlobular small arteries ...

Twenty-six adult patients participated in this study of intra-arterial and intravenous regional analgesia. The radial or the brachial artery was cannulated in patients randomised to receive intra-arterial regional analgesia and a hand vein was cannulated in patients randomised to receive intravenous regional analgesia, with a 22-G cannula. A double cuffed ...

Approximately 12 per cent of limbs undergoing intra-arterial thrombolysis (IAT) develop distal embolism or extension of thrombus during the procedure. These are usually of little clinical consequence and can be treated by increasing the rate of administration of the lytic agent. However, in some patients the clinical condition of the ...

We studied systemic changes in the plasminogen activating system induced by local intra-arterial infusion of recombinant t-PA (rt-PA) in ten patients with arterial occlusion. The arterial infusion of rt-PA resulted in an immediate increase of t-PA activity and antigen in venous plasma. Concomitantly the plasma was depleted of PAI-1 activity ...

Complete recanalization was achieved by intra-aortic infusion of urokinase in a case of complete occlusion of the abdominal aorta. The patient was a fifty-nine-year-old man with atrial fibrillation, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus who was admitted because of intermittent claudication and pain in both lower extremities at rest. Angiography demonstrated complete ...

It has become evident that complete elimination of the vasodilator response to agonists that require the release of nitric oxide (NO) is necessary for certain studies of the microcirculation. The A2 and A3 arterioles of the rat cremaster muscle microcirculation were studied by video-microscopy. At control, arterioles at rest or ...

We have assessed the accuracy of coagulation studies in blood obtained from intra-arterial cannulae. Paired samples were studied in blood from 39 patients receiving intensive care; one sample was obtained by venepuncture and the other from an intra-arterial cannula after the apparatus deadspace plus 5 ml of blood had been ...

A 58-year-old female patient with lymphedema of the left leg was treated by repeated intraarterial lymphocyte-injection therapy. To elucidate whether the injected lymphocytes act at the affected site of the leg, we examined the distribution of the In-111 oxine labeled lymphocytes injected into the proximal artery to the affected leg ...

Cerebral vasospasm continues to be the leading treatable cause of morbidity and mortality following aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. In this preliminary anecdotal series of 12 patients who were candidates for balloon angioplasty, vasospasm was treated instead with intra-arterial papaverine. Eight patients had marked angiographic reversal of the arterial narrowing following papaverine ...

Each of three distinct, concentric layers of human arterial thrombi, was analysed immunochemically for the plasminogen and fibrin content, and for the ex vivo susceptibility to thrombolysis by various thrombolytic agents in a saline or plasma milieu. The age of the thrombus layer determined: (a) the plasminogen content; (b) the ...

The accuracy and reliability of an invasive intra-arterial oxygen sensor catheter was evaluated in 20 critically ill surgical intensive care unit (SICU) patients. All patients required continuous arterial blood pressure monitoring, at least 72 hours of ventilator support, and intermittent arterial blood gas sampling for clinical management. The intra-arterial sensor ...

A successful case of lower lip vermilion replantation is presented where there was lack of a suitable vein for drainage after arterial flow was re-established. The venous stasis was overcome by the "chemical leech," intra-replant subcutaneous heparin injection at intervals 9 days postoperatively. The result is excellent both aesthetically and ...

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: A few case reports have suggested a possible thrombogenic effect of nonionic contrast media. In vitro investigations have lead to conflicting results. The authors performed three ex vivo studies to evaluate the influence of an ionic, ioxaglate, and a nonionic, iopamidol, low-osmolality contrast medium on a series ...

Of 22 boys with an intra-abdominal testis 8 (12 testes) underwent the 2-stage Fowler-Stephens orchiopexy. During stage 1 the testicular artery and internal spermatic vein were ligated in situ 2 to 3 cm. superior to the intra-abdominal testis. The testicular vessels were transected inferior to the ligatures 6 months later ...

Adenosine deaminase was infused into isolated perfused guinea pig hearts to determine its effect on myocardial adenosine levels. The enzyme was administered during constant coronary flow perfusion at 6.11 +/- 0.36 ml.min-1.g-1. Venous adenosine was measured in samples of pulmonary artery effluent; epicardial and endocardial adenosine were measured with the ...

In a retrospective review, a low-dose urokinase (UK) infusion regimen (mean, 87,000 U of UK per hour and 100 U of heparin per hour) was evaluated for lower extremity arterial and graft occlusions. Results of 132 infusions in 111 patients were analyzed to determine efficacy, limb salvage, and complications. Angiographic ...

Based on the demonstration of mural granulomatous vasculitis in Crohn's disease, it was hypothesized that this vasculitis may account for the discontinuous pattern of lesions in this condition. Accordingly, the present study investigated the histological changes produced by interruption of the submucosal and mucosal microcirculation in the ferret midgut. Two ...

A case is described in which inadvertent intra-arterial injection of phenytoin led to digital gangrene, with arteriography showing occlusion of the digital arteries, necessitating amputation of fingers. The high alkalinity of phenytoin is strongly irritant to vessel walls. Intravenous injection of phenytoin should be given only with great care and ...

Intra-arterial fluorescein has been used to study the area of abdominal skin perfused by the inferior epigastric artery. Three patterns of perfusion were demonstrated and, overall, there was little correlation with the distribution anticipated on the basis of previous cadaver injection studies. It is suggested that the "angiosome" concept proposed ...

A 40-year-old woman had persistent Zollinger-Ellison syndrome despite excision of a 4-cm duodenal gastrinoma. Localizing studies including ultrasonography, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, duodenal endoscopy, endoscopic ultrasonography, and intraoperative endoscopic transillumination of the duodenum failed to detect a tumor. Selective intra-arterial methylene blue injection was used to identify a 6-mm ...

A clinical evaluation of the clinical utility, techniques of use, durability, accuracy, and potential complications of a newly available system for the continuous real-time, intra-arterial monitoring of arterial blood gas and acid base status (ABG) has been studied (Optex BioSentry System, Optex Biomedical, Incorporated, The Woodlands, Texas, U.S.A.). The system ...

BACKGROUND: Contemporary cardiovascular practice relies increasingly on thrombolysis as a therapeutic modality. Its optimal use requires prompt, noninvasive delineation of thrombotic occlusion in arterial beds and rapid detection of reocclusion after initially successful thrombolysis. METHODS AND RESULTS: We have been developing an approach to noninvasively image thrombi in which plasminogen-activating ...

Clinical evidence that intra-arterial chemotherapy is more effective in regressing head and neck cancers than equivalent intravenous doses is lacking. Intra-arterial versus intravenous 5-fluorouracil infusion was compared in a naturally occurring, auricular epidermal squamous cell cancer in sheep. Of 18 lesions infused intra-arterially and of 18 infused intravenously with the ...

An island buttock flap based on the deep circumflex iliac artery and vein was raised in four pigs. Cutaneous laser Doppler blood flow (LDF) and total venous outflow (VO) from the flaps were measured. Intra-arterial infusion of endothelin-1 (0.3-2.5 nmol) through a branch of the deep circumflex iliac artery induced ...

Three patients presented with multiple acute arterial occlusions in separate limb vessels. The diagnosis was confirmed by angiography. Each patient was successfully treated by simultaneous infusion of low-dose intra-arterial streptokinase into each occlusion. All of the patients were improved clinically and in two patients completely normal pressure indices were restored.

1. The aim of this study was to examine whether arginine vasopressin modulates the vasoconstricting action of phenylephrine in human forearms. 2. In seven healthy subjects, we determined the percentage increases in forearm vascular resistance evoked by intra-arterial infusion of phenylephrine at graded doses during simultaneous intra-arterial infusion of saline ...

We present a case of accidental injection of oral methadone and flunitrazepam into the ulnar artery, with resultant severe ischaemia of the hand. Initial therapy consisted of systemic vasodilators, low molecular weight dextran and aspirin. When this therapy failed to produce improvement and amputation of the involved hand seemed inevitable, ...

OBJECTIVE: The effectiveness of local intra-arterial thrombolysis by urokinase was evaluated in eight non-insulin-dependent diabetic patients with angiographic evidence of infrapopliteal occlusive disease and rapidly progressive foot lesions. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: With an electric peristaltic pump, urokinase was infused for 96 h by a 5-6 F catheter introduced into ...

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether plasma lipid hydroperoxides may be a useful marker for sepsis. DESIGN: Exploratory, open-label study. SETTING: Critical care unit at a university medical center. PATIENTS: Twelve patients with sepsis syndrome requiring hemodynamic monitoring with pulmonary artery catheters. Seven patients were diagnosed with pulmonary infections and five patients ...

Arteriography does not reliably distinguish between acute and chronic arterial occlusions. Seventeen patients with acute lower limb ischaemia were investigated by arteriography and by imaging with a platelet-specific monoclonal antibody (P256 Fab'); 20 MBq 111In-labelled P256 Fab' was administered intravenously and patients were imaged at intervals of between 20 min ...

Intra-arterial 99mTc colloid scintigraphy may have greater sensitivity than either standard intravenous scintigraphy or selective arteriography in detecting gastrointestinal bleeding. Ten millicuries of 99mTc colloid were administered directly into the superior and inferior mesenteric arteries (SMA and IMA) of patients who had undergone selective arterial catheterization for the evaluation of ...

An extravascular chemoattractant leads to migration of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) to that site, whereas intravascular administration leads to PMN oxidative activity and sequestration in microvessels but no diapedesis. This study examines the inhibitory role of intravascular chemoattractants. Rabbits (n = 37) were pretreated with zymosan-activated plasma (ZAP), leukotriene (LT) B4, ...

Eleven patients with acute arterial occlusion of the lower limb were treated by standard balloon catheter embolectomy. Residual thrombus seen in intraoperative arteriograms was treated with streptokinase: after an initial dose of 10.000 IU, streptokinase was infused intra-arterially in a dose of 5.000-10.000 IU/hour. The average infusion time was 40 ...

Pseudohypertension in the elderly occurs when blood pressure is overestimated because of inelastic, sclerotic arteries. Osler's maneuver (OM), the palpability of a pulseless artery, is recommended as a non-invasive test to detect pseudohypertension, despite limited data concerning its reproducibility. We assessed the maximum achievable inter-and intra-observer agreement of OM among ...

The case of a patient with acute occlusion of the right renal artery due to an embolus is described. Using transoesophageal echocardiography, the left atrial appendage could be identified as the source of embolism. Twenty hours after the onset of symptoms, the embolus could be successfully dissolved with an intra-arterial ...

The foregoing sections have reviewed the experimental studies and clinical anecdotes describing potential pharmacologic antidotes to extravasations of vesicant anticancer agents. Numerous prior reviews have also suggested specific antidotes or very conservative, non-pharmacologic approaches. Many antidotal approaches to extravasation have not been experimentally validated and thus, few 'antidotes' share a ...

Acute ischaemia of the hand following the accidental intra-arterial injection of steroid has not, to our knowledge, been previously reported. We present such a case of the injection of Depo-Medrone with Lidocaine (Upjohn) into the right radial artery during attempted treatment of stenosing tenosynovitis of the right thumb. The resultant ...

In patients with low degree stenoses of the iliofemoral arteries, a discrepancy can occur between the clinical complaints and the severity of the angiographic lesions. Intra-arterial injection of 20 mg of papaverine by mimicking the need for augmented blood supply during exercise will help to objectify the clinical importance of ...

Cholesterol embolism is an unusual but serious complication of intra-arterial procedures such as arteriography and angioplasty. The pathological findings in four cases confirm that this syndrome is due to disseminated micro-emboli composed mainly of cholesterol crystals and that these originate from atheromatous plaques in the aorta which may be traumatized ...

Acute arterial embolic or thrombotic occlusion of the runoff vessels is associated with an incomplete operative thromboembolectomy and an unacceptably high rate of amputation. This report presents a six year analysis of the use of intraoperative intra-arterial thrombolytic therapy, evaluating 38 patients who presented with impending loss of limb because ...

Complement activation in vivo produces neutropenia and pulmonary sequestration of neutrophils (PMNs) whereas in vitro activation increases PMN adherence and decreases PMN deformability. The present study examined PMN kinetics in vivo to determine if this sequestration was specific to the lung. Venous or arterial injections of radiolabeled PMNs were given ...

Pulmonary hypertension and foreign body granulomas are complications of the chronic intravenous injection of crushed, suspended pentazocine (Talwin) tablets. To evaluate the early cellular mechanisms underlying the response of the lung to foreign body microemboli, we examined lung histopathology and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid in dogs for accumulation of inflammatory ...

A case of temporary complete paralysis of cranial nerves III, IV, and VI, after a Gow-Gates injection is reported. The proposed explanations for the mechanisms of occurrence are described. Although the Gow-Gates technique has many advantages, it is not without complications. To avoid such complications, it is important to take ...

Ioversol, the new nonionic, low-osmolality contrast agent, has been well characterized chemically and in terms of basic toxicity testing. Ioversol has a formula similar to that of other nonionic agents, and has been used in a variety of clinical studies. These have been reviewed in detail in other papers. This ...

This report describes the antenatal sonographic identification of a hyperechoic intra-abdominal mass in a 30-week fetus. The mass was proved by autopsy to be an extralobar pulmonary sequestration. Although a rare type of congenital malformation, pulmonary sequestration should be included in the differential diagnosis of an echodense intra-abdominal mass seen ...

The reliability and accuracy of an intra-arterial fluorescent optode system to measure continuously pHa, PaCO2, and PaO2 were evaluated in a dog model and in a group of critically ill patients. Six hundred sixty-three arterial blood gas (ABG) samples were analyzed for pHa, PaCO2, and PaO2 in the dog studies. ...

Acute myocardial infarction is triggered by coronary artery occlusion that may be recanalized by thrombolytic therapy with a success rate of up to 75% only. The resistance of coronary artery occlusion to thrombolysis may either be due to obstruction of the lumen by a nonthrombotic mechanism or by intrinsic resistance ...

Authors report the results of the treatment of acute ischemia of the limbs with urokinase in patients included in a polycentric study group called "Bologna". A total of 111 patients affected with acute ischemias of the limbs caused by arterial or graft thromboses were treated with intra-arterial urokinase with a ...

Studies of the intra-arterial bolus curve after intravenous contrast injection with dynamic computed tomography show that a higher bolus maximum can be obtained with a central injection than with a peripheral injection, other injection parameters remaining unchanged. In a singular venous injection ionic and nonionic contrast media show no different ...

The tumor cell kinetics before and after intra-arterial injection of cisplatin (CDDP) was examined in a patient with maxillary carcinoma using flow cytometry and propidium iodide and fluorescein isothiocyanate labeled bromodeoxyuridine double staining. In addition, the viability was determined with fluorescein diacetate and compared with the histological picture. The action ...