Central venous lines have become an integral part of patient care, but they are not without complications. Vertebral artery pseudoaneurysm formation is one of the rarer complications of central line placement. Presented is a rare case of two pseudoaneurysms of the vertebral and subclavian artery after an attempted internal jugular ...

Isolated unilateral absence of the right pulmonary artery is an uncommon congenital disorder that may remain undiagnosed for prolonged periods of time. A brief overview of isolated unilateral absence of the right pulmonary artery is presented with a description of the typical clinical and radiographic findings associated with this anomaly.

Schistosomiasis mansoni is the third most prevalent endemic parasitic disease in the world. It is estimated that over 200 million people are infected with parasites belonging to one of the Schistosoma species. Of those, 270,000 people (4.6%) suffer from pulmonary arterial hypertension, which is associated with the hepatosplenic form of ...

Massive vaginal bleeding represents one of the emergencies that the gynecologists have to deal with. When unresponsive to the haemostatic treatment (local or iv), the bleeding can be stopped by using the uterine artery embolization. It provides visualization of the bleeding site and enables targeted, minimally invasive therapy to achieve ...

Traumatic pulmonary artery or vein pseudoaneurysms are extremely rare and angiographic management is gaining grounds. These pseudoaneurysms are caused by both penetrating and blunt chest trauma. We presents a unique case of coexisted pulmonary vein and artery pseudoaneurysm due to penetrating chest trauma managed by angioembolization and inferior vena cava ...

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is commonly complicated by pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), which is a leading cause of death in the SSc patient population. Owing to the fact that the risk of developing pulmonary hypertension is high, screening is important, although the optimal modality remains to be defined. Furthermore, despite recent ...

We report on a 44-year-old female who developed spontaneous right coronary artery dissection associated with the use of a clonidine transdermal patch. The lesion was successfully treated with percutaneous coronary intervention with placement of three bare metal stents. The patient had an uneventful recovery. To our knowledge, this is the ...

Background- To evaluate outcomes after carotid artery stenting in larger real-world populations, the Food and Drug Administration mandated that companies conduct postmarketing surveillance (PMS) studies of approved stent systems. Whether PMS studies are representative of carotid artery stenting in routine clinical practice has not been established. Methods and Results- Within ...

Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a common manifestation of atherosclerotic vascular disease and the incidence of infrapopliteal PAD continues to rise in the population. The historical experience with surgical and endovascular interventions for infrapopliteal stenosis was disappointing as operators experienced high rates of early technical failures and procedural complications, coupled ...

Although pulmonary artery stenosis and its treatment has been well characterized in pediatric populations, its diagnosis and even how to determine the significance of a stenosis can be difficult and optimal management is currently unknown. This case report and review of the literature outlines how we successfully diagnosed, evaluated, and ...

Background: Exhaustion of upper extremity dialysis access options is becoming more prevalent due to the longer survival of this patient population. In addition, central venous occlusive disease (CVOD) increases the risk of losing access viability in the ipsilateral extremity. Purpose: We describe a novel technique of lower extremity arteriovenous graft ...

Cardiac and pulmonary pathophysiologies are closely interdependent, which makes the management of patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) all the more complex. Pulmonary complications of CHD can be structural due to compression causing airway malacia or atelectasis of the lung. Surgical repair of CHD can also result in structural trauma ...

Branching pattern of middle cerebral artery influences frequency of its aneurysms, and is of potential value in their surgical repair and diagnosis of stroke. This pattern shows inter-population variations but there is paucity of data from Africans. This study aimed at describing branching pattern among black Kenyans. Middle cerebral arteries ...

BackgroundCoronary artery calcification (CAC) predicts mortality in normotensive individuals. We hypothesized that CAC has an impact on long-term mortality in hypertensive patients.MethodsWe followed 423 participants of the INSIGHT (International Nifedipine Study Intervention as Goal for Hypertension Therapy) calcification substudy, for the incidence of mortality as a function of CAC. All ...

We present a case of simultaneous occurrence of 2 rare congenital anomalies. A 57-year-old woman undergoing evaluation of dyspnea was found to have a single coronary artery and persistent left superior vena cava. The incidence of single coronary artery is 0.024% to 0.066% in the general population. Persistent left superior ...

Agenesis or hypoplasia of the right or left pulmonary arteries are among the rarest pulmonary artery anomalies with left sided anomalies being reported even less frequently. Pulmonary artery agenesis should be suspected in asymptomatic patients if a plain chest X-ray shows asymmetric lung fields, lung hypoplasia, or hyperinflation of the ...

Calcific aortic stenosis remains a major cause of mortality and morbidity in the aging population. Surgical replacement remains the treatment of choice for this disease. Balloon aortic valvuloplasty was introduced as a palliative procedure for these patients, but was tempered by a high rate of recurrence, which has limited its ...

Aortic dissection is a rare entity with an incidence estimated to be 5-30 cases per million people per year. It is more common in patients with hypertension, connective tissue disorders, congenital aortic stenosis or bicuspid aortic valve, and in those with first-degree relatives with history of thoracic dissections. Spontaneous dissections ...

Introduction: One complication of autogenous arteriovenous fi stula (AVF) for haemodialysis is the formation of a venous aneurysm. Clinical picture: The clinical picture is typically an expanding aneurysm leading to skin atrophy and ulceration with the risk of rupture and infection. Aneurysm also reduces the potential cannulation area. Treatment: The ...

Background and purpose Limited data exist to guide patient selection for preventive treatment of unruptured cerebral aneurysms. Cerebral aneurysms have been associated with circle of Willis anomalies but whether this association is also related to aneurysm rupture is not known. The occurrence of cerebral aneurysm rupture when a circle of ...

Late radial artery (RA) thrombosis occurs in 3-9% after transradial interventions. RA occlusion has made this approach unsuitable for repeat interventions and obviated the need for alternative vascular access for catheterization, e.g., left RA (with certain risk of bilateral RA occlusion) or femoral artery with its shortcomings and, sometimes, life-threatening ...

This report evaluated the short and midterm results of the safety and effectiveness of the treatment technique with hybrid and non-hybrid Y-configured, dual stent-assisted coil embolization of wide-neck intracranial aneurysms, and reviewed the literature concerning this technique. Nine patients, eight with unruptured and one with ruptured aneurysms were included in ...

Although endovascular surgery is now widely used to treat intracranial aneurysms, no comparative studies of clipping versus endovascular surgery to address distal ACA aneurysms at the same institution are available. We compared the results of these treatment modalities to address distal ACA aneurysms at our institution. We treated 68 patients ...

CE of brain aneurysms is safer with better outcomes than microsurgical clip ligation. However, the higher recurrence rate may nullify the acute benefits of coiling. Reported here are three patients who underwent surgery to treat their recurrent, previously coiled aneurysm. Intraoperatively, coils were seen extruding from the recurrent regions of ...

We describe our experience with balloon-assisted rapid intermittent sequential coiling (BRISC) of complex wide-necked aneurysms as an alternative to stent-assisted coiling. We use this technique in patients with acutely ruptured aneurysms, where antithrombotic treatment prior to stent deployment may not be advisable, and where the vascular anatomy is unfavorable for ...

Previously we reported the novel observation that astrocytes ensheath the persistent hyaloid artery, both in the Nuc1 spontaneous mutant rat, and in human PFV (persistent fetal vasculature) disease (Developmental Dynamics 234:36-47, 2005). We now show that astrocytes isolated from both the optic nerve and retina of Nuc1 rats migrate faster ...

Variants in the genes of the alternative complement pathway are associated with risk of numerous inflammatory diseases. Abdominal aortic aneurysm is associated with inflammation and is a common cause of illness and death among European populations. This study tested 49 single nucleotide polymorphisms, including common putatively functional polymorphisms, in the ...

Surgical aortic valve replacement has long been considered the standard of care for patients with severe symptomatic aortic stenosis, however, an aging population with increasing complex comorbidities now represents a growing population of patients that is often considered inoperable for a traditional surgical approach. Transcatheter aortic valve implantation is a ...

Objective: A large spectrum of congenital heart diseases requires valved conduits to establish an anatomical continuity between the right ventricle outflow tract (RVOT) and the pulmonary artery. The aim of the present study was to compare the incidence of graft replacement in patients receiving the Contegra conduit (bovine jugular vein ...

Background Bioactive polyglycolic/polylactic acid (PGLA)-coated Matrix detachable coils were reported to incite intra-aneurysmal inflammation and fibrosis. Multiple large case series with Matrix-1 coils have shown no advantage with respect to aneurysm recurrence. Second-generation Matrix-2 coils were designed with improved platinum support and reduced copolymer friction. We assessed the safety and ...

OBJECTIVES:: To determine whether a policy based on provisional replacement of catheters every 5 days had an impact on the incidence of arterial catheter-related bloodstream infections in a population of adult surgical intensive care unit patients. DESIGN:: Prepost study in which all patients with an arterial catheter who were admitted ...

Thromboembolism during aneurysm coiling is a known complication with almost all thromboembolic phenomenon occurring ipsilateral to the side of vessel catheterization and sometimes bilaterally. A case is reported in which thromboembolism occurred exclusively on the opposite side of vessel catheterization, the first case to be reported, to our knowledge.

The purpose of this research was to evaluate the relationship between coronary and carotid atherosclerotic disease using current guidelines for the definition of carotid artery stenosis (CAS). The reported prevalence of concomitant coronary and carotid atherosclerotic disease has varied among studies due to differences in study populations and methodologies used. ...

Ischemic stroke is a multifactorial disease with strong genetic elements. The purpose of this case-control study was to find relationships between apolipoprotein E (APOE), angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) genotypes and atherosclerosis of the extracranial internal carotid and intracranial arteries in the Thai population. Patients aged >45 years ...

Background: To investigate the relationship between brachial ankle pulse wave velocity (BaPWV), radial augmentation index (radial AI), ankle-brachial index (ABI), and carotid intima-media thickness (carotid-IMT), and to study the prevalence and characteristics of atherosclerosis and peripheral arterial disease in a Chinese population of Inner Mongolia. Patients and methods: Participants were ...

Patent foramen ovale (PFO) is a normal fetal communication between the right and left atria that persists after birth. PFO is a common finding that occurs in 20-34% of the population, although its prevalence decreases with age. In most cases, a PFO poses no threat to health. However, some PFOs ...

We experienced rare combination of multiple irregular shaped aneurysms along the course of the feeding artery and arteriovenous malformation (AVM) in the posterior circulation. We could not explain which aneurysm was a cause of bleeding because all the aneurysms showed irregular in shape like pseudoaneurysms and location of the aneurysms ...

Herniation of coil loops into the parent artery is one of the complications of endovascular embolization with detachable coils. In this clinical setting, we cannot predict the consequence of the herniated coil loop. We report an unusual case of a superior cerebellar artery (SCA) aneurysm with delayed coil herniation into ...

In treating uncomplicated abdominal aortic aenurysm, endovascular aortic aneurysm repair (EVAR) has been employed as a good alternative to open repair with low perioperative morbidity and mortality. However, the aneurysm can enlarge or rupture even after EVAR as a result of device failure, endoleak, or graft migration. We experienced two ...

Abstract  Cocaine-induced ascending aortic dissection is being recognized with increasing frequency. We present two cases of patients treated using valve-sparing aortic root replacement after cocaine-induced aortic root dissection. Valve-sparing aortic root replacement represents an alternative surgical technique that may be particularly well-suited toward this younger, noncompliant patient population. (J Card Surg ...

The Rex shunt is a mesenteric vein to left portal vein decompressive shunt used for the treatment of portal vein thrombosis and portal hypertension. Its use has been reported primarily in the pediatric population where portal vein thrombosis occurs with some frequency. The shunt is thought to represent a more ...

PURPOSE: The knowledge of celiac trunk vascularization and hepatic arteries' configuration is extremely important in several areas like hepato-biliary pancreatic surgery, as well as in interventional radiological treatment. Our purpose was to evaluate the incidence of anatomic variation of arterial liver vascularization by using MDCTA in a large, homogeneous population. ...

A variety of complex congenital heart defects in the pediatric population involve placement of a right ventricle to pulmonary artery conduit as part of surgical repair. With the advent of percutaneous pulmonary valve implantation (PPVI), patients may avoid the risks of serial surgical re-interventions as the PPVI acts to prolong ...

Objective To evaluate the rate of peri-procedural thromboembolic events after the endovascular treatment of cerebral aneurysms. The rate of diffusion-positive lesions was assessed in relation to selected procedural and technical factors. Methods 184 patients treated with coil embolization (198 total procedures) between July 2004 and February 2007 were included. In ...

Pseudoaneurysms of the superficial temporal artery are mostly traumatic in origin. Here, a case of a superficial temporal artery aneurysm that emerged following a recraniotomy is presented. A 59-year-old woman was admitted with subarachnoid hemorrhage. She underwent a pterional craniotomy and clipping of a saccular aneurysm of middle cerebral artery ...

While airway endoscopy and bronchoalveolar lavage are the methodsof choice for diagnosing exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage (EIPH), these techniques do not allow accurate evaluation of the severity of bleeding. EIPH pathology is characterized by occlusive remodeling of pulmonary veins. Affected veins have large collagen deposits in their walls, which reduces their ...

Spontaneous cerebrovascular dissections are subintimal or subadventitial cervical carotid and vertebral artery wall injuries and are the cause of as many as 2% of all ischemic strokes. Spontaneous dissections are the leading cause of stroke in patients younger than 45 years of age, accounting for almost one fourth of strokes ...

A 60-year-old man was admitted to our hospital complaining of general malaise. Examination of arterial blood gases on room air revealed hypoxia. Pulmonary function test showed restrictive abnormality. Chest high-resolution CT showed diffuse mosaic attenuation without evident pulmonary artery abnormality on contrast chest CT. Based on these findings, interstitial pneumonia ...

There is a growing population of young adults with tetralogy of Fallot. Although surgical approaches have evolved, many adults with repaired tetralogy of Fallot have been left with residual pulmonary regurgitation. Pulmonary regurgitation is an important contributor to a number of late complications including exercise limitations, right heart failure, arrhythmia, ...

We present a case of catheter induced pseudoaneurysm of femoral artery and postprocedural course. This type of complications occurs in 2% to 8% patients after interventional procedures via trans femoral access and and has overall trend of increase due to significant number of this procedures in diagnostic and interventional cardiology. ...