Pulmonary artery branch stenosis is a not uncommon congenital lesion, noted in approximately 4% of children at the time of cardiac catheterization. Real-time 2-dimensional echocardiography was used to examine 10 patients with angiographically documented pulmonary branch stenosis. Five cases of pulmonary artery branch narrowing were identified by echocardiography without prior ...

The problems of quantifying internal carotid stenoses were studied by analyzing 119 arteriograms. The normal carotid artery diameters, corrected for arteriographic magnification, are reported. Using these measurements, a theoretical comparison is made between the different methods that have been used for defining the severity of a carotid stenosis. Also, in ...

Acquired subglottic stenosis is usually a consequence of prolonged endotracheal intubation. The present study describes a canine model of subglottis stenosis which is congruent with the known and suspected pathogenesis of the disease in man. Eighteen young pups (Canis familiaris) were used. A modified cuffed endotracheal tube was placed within ...

Twenty-nine patients have had valvotomy with inflow occlusion since 1975 at our institution: 7 for aortic stenosis and 22 for pulmonary stenosis. All patients with aortic stenosis and 11 with pulmonary stenosis were neonates. Six patients died, 3 with aortic stenosis and 3 with pulmonary stenosis. All of them were ...

Little information is available regarding the sensitivity of carotid Doppler signal spectral analysis in documenting flow disturbances caused by subcritical stenotic lesions. We have studied the effects on spectra of stenoses ranging from 10% to 80% diameter reduction using the infrarenal aorta of the dog. Spectral analysis was able to ...

The development of stenosis at the suture line after tracheal resection and end-to-end anastomosis of the trachea is associated with failure to approximate the tracheal ends. Evidently, stenosis invariably will occur if the viable mucosal edges are not properly adapted to each other. We developed a method of anastomosis affording ...

The ability of common femoral artery Doppler blood flow velocity waveforms to predict the hemodynamic significance of aortoiliac artery stenosis was determined by comparing intraoperative pressure gradient and flow measurements with two noninvasive nondimensional Doppler velocity waveform indices. The Doppler velocity waveforms of 63 common femoral arteries were recorded preoperatively, ...

Standard cervical carotid arteriography was performed on 36 patients and compared with results of noninvasive Doppler arterial imaging and intravenous angiography (IVA). The 72 carotid arteries were anatomically classified by standard angiograms as follows; group 1 (normal), 13 arteries; group 2 (wall disease [50% stenosis]), 14 arteries; group 3 (moderate ...

Cross-sectional and concurrent M-mode echocardiograms of the left ventricular outflow tract and the ascending aorta were performed in 80 patients with supravalvar aortic stenosis (SVAS) selected from a total of 178 patients in whom the diagnosis had been established earlier by cardiac catheterization and angiocardiography. Visualization of the area of ...

Thirty end-to-end (ETE) and 30 end-in-end (EIE) microvascular anastomoses were performed in the central arteries of the ear or the saphenous arteries of 30 rabbits (diameters: 0.8-1.2 mm). The anastomoses were then examined angiographically at varying intervals postoperatively. The ETE anastomoses caused no stenosis in the majority of vessels, while ...

Since the first clinical application of aortoventriculoplasty for tunnel subaortic stenosis in 1974 the indication for this method was extended to other types of left ventricular outflow tract stenoses (LVOTO). The operative technique consists of enlarging both the left and right ventricular outflow tracts and inserting an aortic prosthetic valve. ...

One hundred and sixteen carotid artery bruits were assessed using quantitative phonoangiography (spectral bruit analysis - SBA). This technique uses the averaged break frequency of the bruit to calculate the diameter of he residual lumen at the site of stenosis. Biplanar contrast arteriography was performed on 43 (37%) of the ...

Three forms of discrete sub-aortic stenosis have been recognised and described. A long tunnel-like narrowing of the left ventricular outflow tract was the most severe form and was recognized as different from hypertrophic obstruction cardiomyopathy (HOCM). Sixty patients with discrete sub-aortic stenosis have been operated on with enucleation of the ...

It has been suggested that the maximal amplitude of the pulmonary valve motion following atrial contraction (Amax) may be useful in the clinical evaluation of patients with valvular pulmonary stenosis. To evaluate the specificity and sensitivity of this measurement in children, we reviewed the echocardiograms of the pulmonary valve of ...

The delayed upstroke of the arterial pulse in valvular aortic stenosis has been attributed, in part, to prolonged left ventricular emptying. Left ventricular emptying rate, however, has not been measured in aortic stenosis. We assessed the rate of left ventricular emptying by computer analysis of biplane cineangiograms in seven normal ...

Two cases are presented of persistent common atrioventricular (A-V) canal with interventricular communication in which associated membranous subaortic stenosis became apparent only after correction of the basic malformation and replacement of the mitral valve. The features of the membranous subaortic stenosis present only after operation were a left ventricular outflow ...

The amplitude of the pulmonic component of the second sound in aortic stenosis was studied in 49 patients with this lesion. As controls, 50 normal subjects were also studied. Both groups were investigated by phonocardiography, apex cardiography and arterial tracings. Nineteen patients with aortic stenosis and four subjects without it ...

Two-dimensional echocardiographic studies have shown that maximum long-axis systolic aortic cusp separation (MACS) represents a useful, noninvasive method for estimating severity of valvular aortic stenosis in adults. Although mean values for patients with mild, moderate, and severe aortic stenosis have been clearly separated by this method, overlap occurs among individual ...

A study of the mesenteric arteries was carried out in 203 unselected autopsies. Although mild degrees of stenosis were common, the incidence of a 'critical stenosis' was rare and no correlation between degrees of stenosis and previous gastrointestinal symptoms could be found. Radiological demonstration of stenosed or blocked visceral arteries ...

The clinically important hemodynamic consequences of epicardial coronary artery vasoconstriction were examined in the presence of stenosis of major vessels. For this purpose, a special isolated canine circumflex coronary artery preparation was used to provide elimination of reflex, humoral, and distal coronary vasculature resistance influences. Without stenosis, active vasoconstriction induced ...

Reconstruction of the larynx and trachea is most often needed after conventional methods of repair have failed. The advanced stenotic lesion can be adequately corrected with a composite nasal septal graft in a one stage procedure. Severe glottic stenosis from crush injuries or following partial laryngectomy, subglottic stenosis, and high ...

A child with a bronchogenic cyst is described who manifested clinical findings indicative of pulmonary arterial stenosis. Compression of the right pulmonary artery by the cyst with a significant pressure gradient between the proximal and distal segments of the right pulmonary artery was verified at surgery. The post-operative follow-up findings ...

In summary, we have examined the response to arterial vasoconstriction in an in vitro coronary artery preparation. Without a preexisting stenosis, arterial vasoconstriction had minimal hemodynamic effects. Similarly, with a stenosis created by a circumferential snare, arterial vasoconstriction had minimal hemodynamic effects. In striking contrast, with a stenosis created by ...

Controversy continues over the optimal method of resecting subglottic stenosis. Electrosurgery, cryosurgery and laser resection have all had some clinical success. We sought to compare these treatment methods in experimentally-created subglottic stenosis. Subglottic strictures were created transbronchoscopically in newborn lambs by electrocoagulating a rim of mucosa. Four weeks later, all ...

The porcine xenograft bioprosthesis is used widely at the present time, although its long-term durability is still being evaluated. Calcification resulting in stenosis of the glutaraldehyde-treated bioprosthesis has been reported infrequently. In the patient described herein, severe calcific stenosis of a porcine xenograft in the aortic position occurred 45 months ...

Sixteen patients with a surgically proven lateral recess stenosis were studied retrospectively. Lateral recess stenosis should be suspected in patients with disabling intermittent neurogenic claudications. The neurological examination is usually unremarkable. the diagnosis is assured when the lateral recess measures less than 2 mm in height. A lateral recess of ...

Early systolic closure of the aortic valve (ESC) is a non-specific echocardiographic finding which occurs in a wide range of conditions such as hypertrophic (obstructive) cardiomyopathy (HCM), fixed subaortic stenosis, ventricular septal defect with and without Eisenmenger reaction, mitral regurgitation, aortic root dissection, double outlet right ventricle, ruptured right sinus ...

True pulmonic and aortic valvular stenoses were produced in dogs by chemical cautery of valve cusps during cardiopulmonary bypass. The intrinsic valve stenoses were confirmed by phonocardiography, gradient measurements, angiography, and pathologic examination. The lesion were similar to clinical valvular stenosis in several respects, including the presence of dystrophic calcification. ...

Although techniques for producing aortic valve stenosis proximal to the ostia of the coronary arteries have been described in experimental animals, only moderate left ventricular hypertrophy has been obtained. A technique for plicating the noncoronary sinus of Valsalva in puppies is presented that has enabled us to achieve levels of ...

A simple technique is described to correct preputial stenosis, based on the underlying anatomy of the lesion. The resulting prepuce is absolutely normal in appearance and function.

Clinical and M-mode echocardiographic features of discrete subaortic stenosis are indirect and nonspecific. Cardiac catheterization and angiography have invariably been necessary for substantiation of the diagnosis. Our experience with two-dimensional echocardiography in 10 patients with discrete subaortic stenosis indicates that this technique is more sensitive than angiography for the recognition ...

Peripheral pulmonary arterial stenosis, either alone or in combination with supravalvular aortic stenosis, is described in two generations of one family. The last child born in the first generation ws the only fatal case and showed severe narrowing and thrombosis of the pulmonary arteries and significant narrowing of the descending ...

Thirty-nine consecutive patients, aged 5 to 57 years, were followed for two to 15 years with serial haemodynamic studies after removal of fixed subaortic stenosis, which was never a "membrane". Two late deaths occurred, one sudden and one in congestive failure. Of 37 survivors, 25 were asymptomatic and could be ...

A patient with idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis (90 mm Hg resting intraventricular gradient) and discrete subaortic stenosis was found to have two separate systolic closing movements of the aortic valve on M mode echocardiography, each movement being associated with a separate systolic ejection murmur. The first closing movement occurred early ...

A 43-year-old man had severe aortic stenosis and Maroteaux-Lamy syndrome (mucopolysaccharidosis, type VI). Aortic-valve replacement gave a good long-term result. Information was obtained indicating that his two brothers had also had mucopolysaccharidosis and aortic stenosis and that both had died of cardiac disease. This paper reviews the literature on cardiac ...

Although the ultrasonic pulsatility index (PI) is used as a test of arterial inflow, the relationship between proximal arterial stenosis and PI has not been fully evaluated. In a series of experiments on dogs, over 200 measurements of pressure, flow (using an indwelling electromagnetic flowmeter), and PI were made distal ...

Cross-sectional studies of the lumbar spinal canal were performed by computerised tomography in asymptomatic subjects and in patients with myelographic and clinical findings suggestive of lumbar stenosis. In most cases stenosis was found to be developmental or combined in nature. Computerised tomography is a useful adjunct to myelography in the ...

Stenosis of the vertebral canal is a form of compressive stenosis in contrast to transport stenosis of vessels or other channels. The concept, definition and pathomorphological properties are discussed. As it is a form of compressive stenosis, the diagnosis is based on measurements of diameters rather than of cross-sectional surfaces. ...

The transit time of contrast material through a proximal segment of right coronary and anterior descending arteries were measured from cineangiograms by means of a projector-linked frame counter. The time required for the contrast material to traverse a 15-cm segment from the ostia was more than 800 msec in 58 ...

The most serious complication of endotracheal intubation is ischemic mucosal necrosis and subsequent stenosis caused by excessive cuff pressure. An instance of tracheal stenosis occurring after only 72 hours of intubation is presented. Resection of the stenotic segment with primary end-to-end anastomosis was curative. There has been no recurrence after ...

A 73-year-old female patient developed beside aortic stenosis angiodysplasia in the caecum, which gave rise to serious, repeated intestinal bleedings. As a result, the patient was admitted to hospital 32 times. Over a period of 8 years she was given 178 litres of blood. The vascular disorder which was the ...

Three patients with congenital subglottic stenosis are presented and whole organ serial-section studies of their larynges are discussed. A superiorly displaced first tracheal ring is observed to form a cartilaginous subglottic stenosis in one. This "trapped first ring" is demonstrated in horizontal, sagittal and coronal planes. Subglottic stenosis is a ...

Epidural venography is valuable in diagnosing lumbar spinal stenosis. It shows anterior displacement of the posterior medial longitudinal intervertebral veins at the level of the lamina and the superior and inferior articular facets. This results in decreased distance between and sometimes overlapping of the posterior and anterior medial longitudinal intervertebral ...

In an effort to determine whether or not urine flow is necessary for proper healing after ureteral reimplantation, a laboratory study was carried out using mongrel dogs. Twelve animals underwent three separate surgical procedures in order to show whether ureteroneocystostomy in the presence of proximal urinary diversion would lead to ...

Severe supravalvular aortic stenosis was discovered at reoperation in 3 children with recurrent stenosis of the left ventricular outflow tract. The lesion consisted of gross thickening of the sinus ridge, most marked at the site of the previous aortotomy. The thickening had shortened the free edge of one or more ...

During a three-year period 10 patients with critical aortic stenosis were referred to a cardiac referral centre with symptoms and signs of intractable cardiac failure and low cardiac output. In nine patients the correct diagnosis was not suspected at the referring hospital, and in the remaining patient the true severity ...

A case has been presented of a patient with a 12-year history of unexplained gastrointestinal bleeding who developed severe aortic stenosis. Small telangiectasia were finally noted on his lip and gastroscopy revealed gastric and duodenal telangiectasia though he had no history of epistaxis and an unremarkable family history. Patients with ...

Pulsatile haemodynamics associated with graded degrees of experimentally produced stenosis were studied in the canine femoral artery. Invasively determined pulsatile blood flow and noninvasively determined blood velocity with Doppler ultrasound were measured an average of 1.3 and 2.3 cm proximal to the stenosis, respectively. Pulsatile blood pressure was measured 0.6 ...

Cross-sectional echocardiographic features of aortic obstruction occurring at multiple levels of the left ventricular outflow tract are discribed. Specific pathologic entities considered include coarctation of the aorta, supravalvular, valvular, and discrete subvalvular aortic stenosis, as well as functional or idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis. At each of these levels the cross-sectional ...

The role of caerulein in differentiating functional narrowing of the distal common bile duct from organic stenosis was studied in 146 patients. Caerulein caused a generalized contraction of the extrahepatic biliary tract and a contraction of the sphincter of Oddi. It therefore improved opacification of the tract, particularly of the ...