Carotid artery exposure and rupture is one of the most feared complications of head and neck surgery. The ideal method for preventing rupture of an exposed artery should be easy to perform, safe, effective and should spare local and regional flaps for later use in reconstruction. Isobutyl-2-cyanoacrylate (Bucrylate) is a ...

The interpretations of 314 thoracic aortograms obtained over a 4 1/2-year period for possible traumatic rupture were reviewed to determine the frequency and causes of false-positive examinations. The radiographs and clinical records of all patients whose aortograms were abnormal or equivocal were examined. Two hundred consecutive thoracic aortograms that had ...

Using Sushruta's lateral perineal approach, 54 prostatectomies were carried out between August 1985 and March 1986. This approach to the prostate is short, safe, simple and direct. The same approach has been used in 6 patients with ruptured posterior urethras and found to provide a simple access to the urethra.

Untreated traumatic rupture of the aorta generally results in sudden death. A case with 14 years' survival after an unrecognized traumatic rupture of the aorta is presented. Chronic traumatic aneurysm of the aorta should be kept in mind in a patient who develops sudden symptoms of arteriosclerotic heart disease months ...

We describe a child with Brown-Sequard syndrome beginning at C8-T1, immediately following Harrington rod instrumentation for idiopathic scoliosis. We believe this is most likely related to either a common variation of the branches of the anterior spinal artery to one side or due to rupture of the ipsilateral spinal vein. ...

Twenty Adult traumatic paraplegics with neurologically complete lesions between C8 and T12 have ambulated using a ParaWalker (adult hip guidance orthosis), for a minimum of 6 months at home. At follow up, on average 20 months from the date of issue of the orthosis, 17 patients (85%) were still regularly ...

Intrapulmonary haematomas occurred during mechanical ventilation of two patients with advanced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and bullous dystrophy. In both cases, the haematomas were revealed by blood-stained aspirates, a fall in haemoglobin level, and the appearance of radiological opacities. Haematoma occurrence in the area of a bulla which recently has ...

An 8-yr-old child suffered traumatic bilateral pneumothoraces and a ruptured right main bronchus. Surgical repair of the bronchus was postponed for 18 h after a definite diagnosis was established due to severe hypoxemia and hypercarbia. Only left endobronchial high-frequency ventilation with muscle relaxation corrected this pulmonary dysfunction sufficiently to enable ...

We reviewed initial chest radiographs of 21 patients with, and 26 without, aortic rupture, and examined the presence or absence of individual signs previously cited to be associated with aortic rupture. Using stepwise logistic regression, the three most significant signs associated with rupture were loss of aortic contour, tracheal deviation, ...

A young otherwise healthy man presented with bilateral spontaneous pneumothorax that resulted in near respiratory failure and severe cardiac dysrhythmia. The magnitude of the patient's clinical manifestations resulted from his severely compromised pulmonary function with its attendant cardiovascular compromise. Prompt bilateral tube thoracostomy relieved his cardiopulmonary distress. This rare clinical ...

Glycogen deposition in vascular smooth muscle has been demonstrated previously in alpha-glucosidase deficiency but has not been clinically significant. Three sons of healthy, nonconsanguineous parents developed progressive proximal muscular weakness secondary to alpha-glucosidase deficiency. Each patient developed a fusiform basilar artery aneurysm, which was complicated by fatal rupture in two ...

Spontaneous rupture of the esophagus (Boerhaave's syndrome) is a very rare but the most lethal perforation of the gastro-intestinal tract. A 62-year old male was successfully treated for this condition developing on the second post-operative day after coronary artery bypass. Two hours after extubation respiratory insufficiency and circulatory collapse necessitated ...

Following the repair of a ruptured anterior communicating artery aneurysm, a patient had a severe anterograde amnesia with sparing of other intellectual functions, apathy and loss of volition, altered arousal, and partial diabetes insipidus. Postmortem examination of the brain revealed bilateral destruction of the septal gray, nucleus accumbens, and nucleus ...

We report a case of traumatic rupture of the thoracoabdominal aorta that was successfully repaired 3 days following the accident. Associated lesions included rupture of the left renal and celiac arteries. This rare lesion should be suspected in the victims of violent hyperextension of the body with or without a ...

A syncope was the first symptom of aortic rupture in a patient with chronic arterial hypertension. This syncope was the consequence of an acute haemopericardium which resulted in a sudden drop of the cardiac output. Urgent echocardiographic examination in the emergency room made early diagnosis and life-saving pericardiocentesis possible.

Rupture of renal artery aneurysms during pregnancy has been associated with an extremely high mortality rate for both mother and fetus. With this report, 18 cases have been reported in the English language literature, of which only eight mothers (44%) and four fetuses (22%) have survived. Sixteen of the 18 ...

A contained rupture of the aorta is a rare event; however, this has been recognized with increased frequency in the abdominal aorta. There have previously been two reports of the containment of rupture of the suprarenal aorta. We report two additional cases of contained rupture of the suprarenal aorta, one ...

Early diagnosis and repair of tracheal rupture are necessary to prevent acute tension pneumothorax, airway obstruction, and chronic tracheal stenosis. Few reliable radiographic signs of tracheal rupture have been proposed. We diagnosed seven cases of tracheal rupture, two related to blunt trauma and five resulting from tracheal intubation. Early radiographic ...

The chest radiograph of a 79-year-old man with acute thoracic aortic rupture demonstrated enlarged, ill-defined bronchovascular markings. Examination of the lungs at autopsy revealed extensive dissection of blood from the mediastinum along the bronchovascular sheaths. Recognition that enlarged bronchovascular markings may represent hemorrhage rather than edema in the setting of ...

Subarachnoid haemorrhage caused by aneurysmal rupture constitutes a great impact on the brain and on the intracranial content as a whole, with emphasis on the subarachnoid spaces and arteries. The rupture is followed by a wide range of pathological alterations in the neural function and an outcome varying from neglected ...

To determine the end point of histopathologic damage in avulsed arteries, the forearm arteries of five monkeys being sacrificed were avulsed longitudinally and samples of proximal and distal arteries prepared for light microscopy and transmission and scanning electron microscopy. A severe and consistent circumferential skip lesion was found on the ...

Although many patients with aneurysm rupture have undergone re-rupture during angiography, this event seldom occurs in the early period after the original hemorrhage. The authors review 197 cases of ruptured cerebral aneurysms that had received cerebral angiography within 1 week of rupture. With the exception of one case of re-rupture ...

Many patients with a ruptured berry aneurysm report an intense sentinel headache of sudden onset in the weeks before rupture. Such headaches have been attributed to a leak of blood, which implies that partial rupture has occurred. A case is reported of a patient who had severe headaches which seemed ...

We report a case of spontaneous intraperitoneal rupture of the bladder in an elderly man with severe atherosclerotic vascular disease who had widespread systemic evidence of an arterial embolic phenomenon after elective abdominal aortic aneurysm repair. Atherosclerotic plaques were identified in the vesical arteries and were believed to be the ...

A 58-year-old man with recurrent spontaneous perforations of the colon is reported. The first two events were of the sigmoid colon, and a sigmoidectomy was performed after the second perforation. The third spontaneous perforation had occurred in the transverse colon, however, although a patent sigmoid colostomy was present. Neither primary ...

Intraoperative rupture of an intracranial arterial aneurysm can dramatically interrupt a deliberate microsurgical procedure and jeopardize the patient's chances for a favorable outcome. Intraoperative rupture occurred in 58 of 307 (19%) consecutive aneurysm procedures done at The University of Texas Health Science Center. Rupture occurred during three specific periods: early ...

Massive fatal subarachnoid hemorrhage maximal in the posterior fossa following minor trauma to the head and neck was first attributed to rupture of a vertebral artery (VA) in 1971. Typically, a young, healthy, but intoxicated man receives a minor blow and immediately collapses and dies within minutes. Early reports suggested ...

Two cases of isolated traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage from the posterior inferior cerebellar artery are described. The rupture was caused in one instance by a fist blow to the face and in the other by a kick to the head. One patient survived for three days, the other patient for three ...

Spontaneous retroperitoneal hemorrhage is an uncommon event. A case of delayed postoperative aortic rupture from erosion by a spinal fixation device, heretofore not previously described, is presented to call attention to this potential catastrophe. Appropriate management includes aggressive patient resuscitation and early surgical intervention with initial proximal and distal control ...

Maloney dilatation of the esophagus is rarely associated with esophageal rupture. An 82-year-old man underwent routine upper endoscopy followed by esophageal dilatation, which was complicated by severe esophageal disruption and mediastinitis. One possible mechanism is gastric dilatation with obturation of the distal esophagus causing excessive pressure at the gastroesophageal (GE) ...

A unique case in which a berry aneurysm was observed to rupture during computed tomography scanning of the brain is reported. Two earlier case reports of aneurysmal rupture during computed tomography scanning are reviewed, followed by a discussion of possible mechanisms of rupture during contrast studies. Contrast medium infusion may ...

In connection with blunt chest trauma, a 44-year-old man sustained isolated rupture of the right coronary artery. The lesion, which is extremely rare, was overlooked as there was no haemopericardium. The patient died. Since early surgical repair is essential, the possibility of coronary artery lesion must be kept in mind ...

A 23-year-old woman was involved in an automobile accident and sustained a double traumatic rupture of the aorta, at the isthmus distal to the left subclavian artery and at the base of the innominate artery. A successful repair was accomplished within 4 hours of the injury using profound hypothermia and ...

Two groups of male and female Syrian golden hamsters, of which the trachea was severely injured by electrocoagulation, received 6 weekly intratracheal instillations of benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) + ferric oxide in saline or saline alone. Two comparable groups of hamsters were similarly treated but had an undamaged trachea. The experiment was ...

The chest radiographs of 86 patients with suspected aortic rupture from blunt chest trauma were reviewed. Seventy-three patients had no evidence of aortic rupture on aortography or surgical exploration, and 13 patients had surgically confirmed rupture. Sixteen radiographic findings were analyzed for sensitivity and specificity in detecting aortic rupture. The ...

Rupture of the silicone prosthesis can occur following external closed compression capsulotomy for fibrous capsules that develop after augmentation mammaplasty. The forces needed to rupture the fibrous capsule can cause silicone gel from the prosthesis to be pressure injected into the breast tissue and surrounding musculature. Film-screen mammography can be ...

A case is reported of a 38-year-old man with hyperkalaemic paralysis following traumatic rupture of the urinary bladder.

A comparison was made between operating microscope observations and histopathological examination of the ruptured ends of experimentally avulsed rabbit femoral arteries and veins. Under the operating microscope no damage was evident in arteries or veins more than 0.8 cm (on average) from the rupture site, the common lesions being tears, ...

Over the 9-month period 1 March - 30 November 1983, 118 consecutive autopsies were conducted on victims of motor vehicle and train accidents. The thoracic aorta was examined for evidence of contusion, partial tearing or rupture, particular attention being paid to the known usual sites of rupture. All lacerations or ...

Four horses are described with rupture of the aortic arch and pulmonary trunk which resulted in a fistula between these vessels. Ruptures were located near the ligamentum arteriosum. Histological examination of the vessel walls revealed media necrosis which was probably due to intimal thickening and/or medial fibrosis of the vasa ...

Rupture of a renal artery aneurysm, although rare, has been considered to be the most catastrophic urological injury. Three cases of ruptured and 1 case of impending rupture are reported. A review of the cases of ruptured renal artery aneurysm is presented together with emphasis on improved prognosis of this ...

Emergency room supine chest films of 86 consecutive patients with blunt chest trauma and possible aortic rupture were reviewed. Sixteen radiographic signs were analyzed independently and in combination. Only two signs associated with aortic rupture were statistically significant: deviation of the nasogastric tube to the right at the T4 level ...

A straight anteromedial incision for the exposure of the medial, posteromedial, and posterior ligaments of the knee provides favorable exposure of the distal attachment site of the posterior cruciate ligament. This approach enables a medial parapatellar arthrotomy to be performed through the same incision. The key elements of the exposure ...

Dirofilaria scapiceps was found between the synovial sheath and tendons, i.e., within the tendon sheath, in the ankle region of eastern cottontail rabbits (Sylvilagus floridanus) and snowshoe hares (Lepus americanus). In cottontail rabbits, tendons and sheaths appeared normal and all worms were adults. Only one (4%) of 24 infected rabbits ...

We studied 11 patients with amnesia and personality change after surgical repair of ruptured anterior communicating artery ( ACoA ) aneurysm. CT and clinical evidence suggested that infarction in the territory of the ACoA was responsible for amnesia and personality change. The medial septal nuclei, the paraventricular nucleus of the ...

A case of traumatic shoulder dislocation associated with a tear of the subscapular artery is presented. The main clinical feature was a dramatic neurologic loss of the brachial plexus, reversed by exploration, evacuation of hematoma, and ligation of the bleeding vessel. Early surgical decompression to achieve neurologic recovery is emphasized.

The chest radiographs of 54 patients with blunt chest trauma and suspected aortic rupture were reviewed retrospectively. A mediastinal-width/chest-width ratio was calculated at the level of the aortic arch. There were 44 patients without evidence of aortic rupture on aortography or surgical exploration and 10 patients with surgically confirmed aortic ...

the occurrence of spontaneous arterial subdural hematomas is very rare. We report five patients who presented with sudden severe headache and who developed progressive neurological deficits, two becoming comatose. None had a history of trauma. A diagnosis of subarachnoid hemorrhage was suspected in all patients, but all proved to have ...

Rupture of the pulmonary artery is a potential complication of the use of a Swan-Ganz catheter. We report a single case in which the site of rupture was visualized on a postmortem arteriogram, but was not apparent on a contrast radiograph performed prior to death, presumably due to inadequate filling ...

A spontaneous unilateral hyphaema in a 75-year-old woman, due to bleeding from iris vessels, a remnant of the pupillary membrane, was observed. Hyphaema was completely resorbed after 24 h. Fluorescein angiography showed the presence of a blood circulation in the anomalous vessels and a diffusion of fluorescein from saccular dilatations ...