Carotid stenosis after neck irradiation is a well-described entity. A 78-year-old man presented with left eye amaurosis fugax 11 years after radical neck dissection and neck irradiation for mucoepidermoid carcinoma. The patient underwent carotid artery stenting for a high-grade stenosis of the left internal carotid artery. Twenty months after the ...

Several studies have shown that aortic stiffness was an independent predictor for cardiovascular events. However, data are less consistent concerning carotid stiffness. We analyzed the determinants of the discrepancies between aortic and carotid stiffness in different populations with contrasting cardiovascular risk factors: 94 healthy normotensives (NT), 243 nondiabetic hypertensives (HT), ...

Summary: Emergency revascularization of acute carotid artery occlusion is still controversial.We treated 15 patients (13 men and two women, mean age of 67.3 years) with acute atherosclerotic carotid occlusion by endovascular procedures and evaluated the usefulness of this treatment. All of the patients were evaluated with emergency MRI and MRA ...

Summary: We examined the patients with cervical carotid artery stenosis (> 70%) treated by carotid artery angioplasty and stenting (CAS) as a firstchoice direct revascularization therapy. The patients consisted of 45 men and seven women; their mean age was 70.4 years (range, 54-84 yr), with 60 cervical carotid stenosis (39 ...

The effect of menstrual cycle phase on arterial elasticity is controversial. In 10 healthy women (20.6+/-1.5 years old, mean+/-s.d.), we investigated the variations in central and peripheral arterial elasticity, blood pressure (carotid and brachial), carotid intima-media thickness (IMT), and serum oestradiol and progesterone concentrations at five points in the menstrual ...

We describe the case of an 82-year-old man with a fixed neurological deficit of 30 h duration. A left hemispheric perfusion deficit was found on perfusion/diffusion imaging studies in conjunction with an ipsilateral carotid stenosis documented by cerebral angiography. Carotid angioplasty with stent placement was performed and resulted in dramatic ...

OBJECTIVE: c-myc is the main proto-oncogene responsible for restenosis in cardiovascular surgery. The aim of our study was to evaluate the effects of c-myc antisense (AS) phosphorothioate oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) in the remodelling process induced by surgical carotid arteriotomy on an experimental rat model. METHODS: Fifty-five rats with carotid stenosis and ...

In this study we determined mean-average wall shear stress values in the common carotid artery and assessed if there is a difference in mean-average WSS between: 1) patients with bilateral carotid bifurcation disease and 2) similar-aged volunteers with no evidence of disease. Sixteen patients with bilateral disease of the carotid ...

The correct intraoperative anatomic identification of the vascular structures in the carotid artery bifurcation is important, and in most operations, this is not a problem. Experiences with two cases are used to suggest a stepwise system to guarantee that anatomic confusion--a confusion that may be fatal--does not occur.

PURPOSE: To report a case of severe scleral melting in a patient with carotid artery obstruction. METHODS: This is an observational case report. We reviewed the patient's chart and the available literature on ocular melting and ocular ischemia. RESULTS: A 71-year-old man with a history of carotid vascular disease and ...

The study examined whether the alterations in heart rate variability (HRV) and baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) observed in patients with coronary artery disease can also be discerned in otherwise healthy subjects with mild-to-moderate arteriosclerosis in the carotid artery bifurcation. Based on the results of carotid duplex ultrasonography, subjects were designated as ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Asian patients with cerebrovascular diseases have more intracranial atherosclerosis and less extracranial carotid artery stenosis compared with white patients. We systemically evaluated the distribution of carotid arterial lesions in Chinese patients with transient monocular blindness (TMB), which was rarely reported. METHODS: We prospectively evaluated 105 consecutive patients ...

Spontaneous resolution of carotid stenosis has not been previously reported in the context of preoperative duplex ultrasound scanning, although it has been described as a recognizable phenomenon in the past. We report a case in whom significant carotid stenosis was noted at the time of listing for surgery on both ...

Summary: Direct percutaneous puncture of a cervical carotid pseudoaneurysm for coil placement or acrylic embolization is described for the endovascular management of acute carotid blowout. However, direct puncture of the internal carotid artery (ICA) for the endovascular management of carotid blowout has not been described. We report a difficult case ...

Carotid artery aneurysms are an uncommon but important problem. The available data suggests that, untreated, these aneurysms lead to neurologic symptoms from embolization. Pseudoaneurysms of the carotid artery result from injury or may be the long-term sequelae of a spontaneous carotid dissection. While open surgery has been the primary mode ...

Variations of the inferior alveolar artery are seemingly quite rare, especially with regard to its origin from the maxillary artery. We present an unusual case of an inferior alveolar artery that originated from the external carotid artery. To the best of our knowledge, our case is one of only two ...

The optimal diagnostic modality for extracranial carotid artery aneurysm is not firmly established because of the emerging trend of replacing traditional carotid angiography with magnetic resonance imaging and angiography. An extracranial carotid artery aneurysm can have profound neurologic sequelae, and an elective resection is often suggested. Imaging studies should firmly ...

Ultrasonography (US) of the carotid arteries is a common imaging study performed for diagnosis of carotid artery disease. In the United States, carotid US may be the only diagnostic imaging modality performed before carotid endarterectomy. Therefore, the information obtained with carotid US must be reliable and reproducible. Technical parameters that ...

The purpose of this review is to assess the impact of luminal restoring of carotid artery stenosis on cognitive functions. Therefore, papers dealing with the neuropsychological influence of carotid artery stenosis and studies comparing the neuropsychological course after respective recanalization have been included.

The Glu(298)-->Asp (E298D; 894G-->T) polymorphism of eNOS (endothelial nitric oxide synthase) has been related with cardiovascular disease. In the present study, we investigated the association of Glu(298)-->Asp with atherosclerotic plaques in different carotid vessel segments and with carotid IMT (intima-media thickness). The Glu(298)-->Asp eNOS polymorphism was determined by 5'-exonuclease assay ...

Parapharyngeal abscess as a complication of cholesteatoma is an uncommon entity. Endopharyngeal common carotid artery rupture due to parapharyngeal abscess is also uncommon, and these cases usually end fatally. We present a 17-year-old male with parapharyngeal abscess due to cholesteatoma who developed an endopharyngeal common carotid blow out and survived ...

In spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), carotid and aortic distensibilities measured at operational blood pressure (BP) are reduced. Increased body weight and mean arterial pressure (MAP) are both known to reduce distensibility independently. However, whether, after adjustment to body weight and mean BP, distensibility remains reduced in SHR has never been ...

The aim of this study was to clarify the magnitude of common carotid artery (CCA) structural and hemodynamic parameters on brain white and gray matter lesions in patients with essential hypertension (EHT). The study subjects were 49 EHT patients without a history of previous myocardial infarction, atrial fibrillation, diabetes mellitus, ...

Carotid basilar anastomoses can occasionally persist beyond the embryonic period. These anomalies are most often incidentally detected in adulthood, during workups for unrelated pathologies. Persistence of the proatlantal intersegmental arteries is a rare form of primitive carotid-basilar anastomoses. Bilateral proatlantal inter- segmental arteries are an extremely rare occurrence, of which ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Prevalence of carotid artery stenosis in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) is unknown in Japanese population. METHODS: The study populations consisted of 632 consecutive patients who underwent coronary angiography because of suspicion of CAD. All patients underwent carotid ultrasonography to screen carotid artery stenosis before coronary ...

PURPOSE: To determine carotid artery stenosis incidence after radiotherapy for head-and-neck neoplasms. METHODS AND MATERIALS: This historical prospective cohort study comprised 44 head-and-neck cancer survivors who received unilateral neck radiotherapy between 1974 and 1999. They underwent bilateral carotid duplex ultrasonography to detect carotid artery stenosis. RESULTS: The incidence of significant ...

Variations in the position of the bifurcation of the common carotid artery (CCA) and the origin or branching pattern of the external carotid artery (ECA) are well known and documented. In this study, the bifurcation levels of the CCA and origin variations of the branches of the ECA have been ...

INTRODUCTION: Carotid endarterectomy (CEA) has become established as the preferred approach to the management of critical carotid stenosis. Carotid angioplasty with stenting (CAS) has recently arisen as an alternative in the treatment of carotid occlusive disease. This report describes our experience with carotid angioplasty applied to an unselected patient population ...

Lateralizing, repetitive transient ischemic attacks are characteristic of symptomatic carotid bifurcation atherosclerotic plaques. We report a case in which a cardiogenic embolus, after lodging at the left carotid bifurcation, produced crescendo episodes of expressive aphasia and mild right upper extremity weakness. Complete neurological recovery was achieved following emergent carotid embolectomy ...

OBJECTIVE: Stent placement for the treatment of carotid artery stenosis may cause hemodynamic instability that induces ischemic complications for patients with bilateral carotid lesions. We carried out this study to define predictors of persistent hypotension after carotid stenting. METHODS: Thirty-three lesions in 31 consecutive patients (mean age, 69.2 +/- 8.6 ...

In this paper, we propose a fast and automated navigation path generation algorithm to visualize inside of carotid artery using MR angiography images. The carotid artery is one of the body regions not accessible by real optical probe but can be visualized with virtual endoscopy. By applying two-phase adaptive region-growing ...

OBJECTIVE: The goal of this review article is to present the state of the art in the clinical applications and technical performance and interpretation of carotid sonographic examinations. METHODS: Relevant publications regarding color and duplex Doppler sonography (CDDS) of the carotid arteries extracted from a computerized database (MEDLINE) and from ...

Haemorrhage, throat pain and otalgia are common complications following tonsillectomy. Haemorrhage is rarely life-threatening but in this paper we describe a fulminant secondary haemorrhage due to an aberrant external carotid artery in an eight-year-old boy. Acute surgical intervention with ligation of the external carotid artery was needed to control the ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: We report a management strategy for cerebral revascularization in a patient with an occluded common carotid artery by first performing a subclavian to external carotid artery bypass, followed by superficial temporal artery middle cerebral artery (STA-MCA) bypass. METHODS: The patient presented with symptomatic left hemispheric hemodynamic insufficiency, ...

PURPOSE: The association of internal carotid artery disease (ICAD) with aortic valve stenosis (AVS) constitutes a very high-risk clinical occurrence in which combined surgery may increase the operative risks and carotid stenting before or after cardiac surgery may be a valuable option. Unfortunately, in patients with AVS, the evaluation of ...

Medically refractory positional cerebral ischemia (PCI) and concomitant orthostatic hypotension associated with chronic common carotid artery (CCA) occlusion are rare. In this technical report, the authors describe an extracranial bypass in which the thyrocervical trunk was used as a donor vessel to treat three cases of CCA occlusion with PCI. ...

Systemic arterial compliance has been known to increase during healthy pregnancy, whereas, recently, the carotid artery has been reported to stiffen. To clarify this controversy, we simultaneously measured aortic PWV (pulse wave velocity) and carotid artery elastic parameters in a cohort of pregnant women. Twelve normotensive pregnant women were studied ...

PURPOSE: To determine intraobserver and interobserver variability of carotid arteriography interpretation as well as the reliability of simple visual interpretation (SVI) or "eyeballing" of arteriography in the measurement of internal carotid artery stenoses. METHODS: Intraobserver and interobserver measurements of 200 carotid arteriograms were performed in a blinded fashion by two ...

BACKGROUND: The non-invasive technique of measuring carotid artery intima-media thickness has generated considerable interest as a marker of atherosclerosis, particularly in predicting clinical coronary events and coronary artery disease. In the present study, a postmortem comparative analysis of intima-media thickness of carotid artery with coronary artery atherosclerosis has been carried ...

PURPOSE: To determine the prevalence of carotid artery stenosis in patients who have received ipsilateral head-and-neck radiotherapy and have no symptoms of cerebrovascular disease. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Forty patients underwent ultrasound and computed tomography angiography of their carotid arteries. The vessels on the irradiated side were compared with those on ...

An unsuspected severely stenosed common carotid artery that compromised a free flap for mandibular reconstruction is described. To our knowledge no one has advocated the assessment of the carotid tree before transfer of free tissue. We suggest that patients with several risk factors for peripheral vascular disease should have colour ...

Carotid angioplasty and stenting is an evolving technique in the treatment of patients with carotid occlusive disease who are at increased risk for carotid endarterectomy. The literature has largely focused on the short and long-term results of this novel procedure. Due to the involvement of multiple disciplines, all of whom ...

While most patients with carotid artery disease can safely undergo carotid endarterectomy based on duplex ultrasound alone, carotid angioplasty and stenting must, by its nature, be performed in conjunction with carotid arteriography. The techniques of carotid angiography are a necessary prerequisite to carotid intervention. The indications, technique, and results of ...

CONCLUSION: This method makes it possible to perform the ISVG simply and within a short time and, therefore, is very useful for shortening the duration to block circulation. OBJECTIVE: Complete excision of a malignant tumor which invades carotid artery walls essentially requires the resection and reconstruction of the carotid artery. ...

Although it has been clearly established that in certain groups of patients, such as in patients with symptomatic high-grade carotid stenosis and in selected asymptomatic patients with high-grade stenosis, carotid endarterectomy offers significant protection from stroke compared with medical therapy, the role of carotid stenting in this patients versus carotid ...

The purpose of this article is to describe several inadvertent perforations of external carotid artery branches that occurred in our laboratory during planned carotid artery stenting procedures. When known, the mechanism of the perforation is described. The treatment of these complications is discussed, along with a more general discussion of ...

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the incidence of coronary events (CE) and case fatality in relation to common carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) and carotid plaque over a median follow up of 7 years. SUBJECTS: A total of 5163 Swedish middle-aged men and women with no prior myocardial infarction and/or stroke. METHODS AND ...

Previous studies have shown that type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with cardiovascular abnormalities. Early detection and treatment of these abnormalities may help to prevent the natural progression of the disease. The present study was undertaken to define early cardiovascular abnormalities in children with type 1 DM. Simultaneous evaluation ...

This research was carried out to evaluate the prevalence of carotid and/or lower limb artery abnormalities in patients with arterial erectile dysfunction (ED). To this end, patients with ED (Andrology Unit) or suspected peripheral atherosclerosis (Angiology Unit) underwent an independent and parallel echo-Duplex examination. The Andrology Unit examined 167 patients ...

PURPOSE: Erectile dysfunction (ED) is the persistent inability to achieve or maintain an erection sufficient for satisfactory sexual performance. Oral use of sildenafil citrate is effective in the treatment of ED. Although the effects of sildenafil citrate have been investigated in several systems, its effect on aortic, superior mesenteric (SMA), ...