We present an unusual case of sudden death of an 8-month-old female infant with coronary involvement due to Takayasu arteritis. She had been thought to be healthy, but died after presenting to a hospital with complains of vomiting. At autopsy, the aorta and its main branches were thickened and stenotic, ...

Non-contrast-enhanced MR angiography is a promising alternative to the established contrast-enhanced approach as it reduces patient discomfort and examination costs and avoids the risk of nephrogenic systemic fibrosis. Inflow-sensitive slab-selective inversion recovery imaging has been used with great promise, particularly for abdominal applications, but has limited craniocaudal coverage due to ...

BACKGROUND: Rotational vertebral artery occlusion syndrome is vertebrobasilar insufficiency as a result of mechanical occlusion or stenosis of the vertebral artery by head rotation. In most cases, symptoms are produced on extension or rotation to one side. No case of bow hunter's with bilateral presentation at the C4 level has ...

Background Vein anastomosis is the most important factor determining the success in the replantation of distal phalanx amputations. It is very difficult to find the collapsed veins and to perform vein anastomosis immediately after arterial repair. We have chosen to delay the vein repair between 30 minutes and 1 hour ...

Early vascular changes at the molecular level caused by adoption of a sedentary lifestyle are incompletely characterized. Herein, we employed the rodent wheel lock model to identify mRNAs in the arterial wall that are responsive to the acute transition from higher to lower levels of daily physical activity. Specifically, we ...

Since the introduction of microvascular surgeries, the sophisticated ideas and techniques of tissue transplantations are continually advancing and searching for the best work conditions to present the best outcomes in these critical interferences. Every tissue transplant has its donor vessels, artery and vein, which should be anastomosed to recipient vessels. ...

Aim To understand the practical difficulties encountered while performing hepatic artery anastomosis by microsurgical technique in living donor liver transplantation.Materials and Methods We undertook a retrospective study of 10 cases of hepatic artery anastomosis done at the level of bifurcation of the right hepatic artery and proximal when the plastic ...

Wide-necked aneurysms of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) are infrequently encountered in cerebrovascular practice, and endovascular treatment is difficult or impossible even with the use of several neck remodeling techniques. We present the case of a patient with a wide-necked aneurysm of the PICA, which was treated by the ...

A 65-year-old woman visited our hospital with a complaint of acute onset dyspnea and radiological manifestations of pulmonary thromboembolism. The patient underwent an exploratory surgery to find a whitish-blue colored mass occupying almost the whole lumen of the main pulmonary arteries. Based on the pathological and radiological findings, the patient ...

A 48-year-old man underwent surgery to treat pulmonary stenoses of unknown origin. The right main pulmonary artery was severely stenotic, and the orifice of the left pulmonary artery was focally constricted. The patient was nearly asymptomatic, despite marked pulmonary hypertension and right heart strain. The pressure gradients beyond the stenotic ...

OBJECTIVE: Degenerative aortic stenosis shows similarities with atherosclerosis. To confirm the hypothesis that aortic stenosis is an "atherosclerosis-like" disease, we investigated the association between degenerative aortic stenosis and atherosclerosis of carotid arteries. METHODS: We studied 270 consecutive patients, 135 with degenerative aortic stenosis (trans-aortic peak velocity ≥ 2 m/sec) and other 135 subjects ...

We report the case of a 3-month-old boy with an anomalous origin of right pulmonary artery (AORPA) from the ascending aorta who presented postoperatively with torsion of the right pulmonary artery demonstrated on 3-D volume-rendered CT angiogram. To our knowledge, CT images of this entity have not been reported. This ...

We describe a less invasive technique to harvest the radial artery for coronary artery bypass grafting without using endoscopes, in which the radial artery was harvested through 2 or 3 wounds of 2.5 cm in respective length.

Endovascular stent grafts used for treatment of arterial aneurysms require preclinical testing for investigation of biological responses following implantation. The preclinical evaluation process related to the safety and efficacy of these devices is limited by the absence of an in vitro aneurysmal blood vessel equivalent capable of providing high-throughput, cost-effective ...

The temperature and frequency dependencies of the dielectric parameters for the rat artery are used to analyse effects of hypothermia on this tissue. Measurements were performed over the frequency range 500Hz to 100kHz and at temperatures from 19 to 60°C. The artery samples contained about 12% water by mass at ...

We report bisphosphonate-related enamel hypoplasia as a rare side effect in a child with idiopathic arterial calcification of infancy.

BACKGROUND:: and Importance: Although the use of proximal artery occlusion, or Hunterian ligation, for the treatment of intracranial aneurysms has decreased greatly over the last decades, this approach still finds use for certain giant and complex aneurysms. The main risks of artery sacrifice are ischemic complications but also, although rare, ...

OBJECTIVE: The incidence of stroke in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting increases sharply in the face of significant atherosclerotic disease of the ascending aorta. We use a technique that allows full revascularization for this cohort of patients, while minimizing cerebral embolic risk. METHODS: Intraoperative epiaortic ultrasound was used to ...

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to discover the pathogenesis of focal atrial fibrillation (AF) originating from pulmonary veins by observing the histological structure and special cells in the canine pulmonary vein model of persistent atrial fibrillation. METHODS: The pulmonary veins and the sinus node were obtained from 10 mongrel dogs (5 ...

We report a case of a 49-year old male with a congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries (ccTGA) implanted with a left atrial to right subclavian artery ventricular assist device (CircuLite) because of the failure of the anatomic right (systemic) ventricle. Additionally, elevated pulmonary pressures and peripheral vascular resistance ...

This study aimed to compare traumatic and spontaneous carotid artery dissection (CAD) and vertebral artery dissection (VAD) with respect to age, pre-morbid risk factors, and site of dissection. Chart review was performed for 49 patients with CAD and VAD admitted to Westchester Medical Center, a level 1 trauma center, from ...

Intimal angiosarcoma is a rare malignant vascular tumor with an aggressive natural history. Presenting symptoms vary according to the location of the lesion, but symptoms are typically due to intravascular obstruction or embolization. We present a case of an intimal angiosarcoma presenting with a common femoral artery aneurysm.

OBJECTIVE: Bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) is associated with aortic root and ascending aorta aneurysm and increased risk for aortic dissection. Guidelines recommend transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) for primary aortic evaluation, although cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) may be superior at detecting abnormalities. This study compares TTE and CMR imaging for aortic evaluation ...

A 74-year-old man with coronary artery disease, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia is scheduled to undergo coronary artery bypass graft surgery. The intraoperative transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE) shows normal left ventricular function, moderate left ventricular hypertrophy, and an abnormal aortic valve (AV) with significant leaflet calcification (Video 1, see Supplemental Digital Content 1, ...

Optimizing flow and diminishing power loss in the Fontan circuit can improve hemodynamic efficiency, potentially improving the long-term outcomes. Computerized modeling has predicted improved energetics with a Y-graft Fontan. From August to December 2010, 6 consecutive children underwent completion Fontan (n=3) or Fontan revision (n=3) using a bifurcated polytetrafluoroethylene Y-graft ...

We describe the case of a 61-year-old woman having a type 1 neurofibromatosis (von Recklinghausen disease), whose acute abdominal pain revealed a voluminous retroperitoneal hemorrhage caused by a 25-mm ruptured inferior mesenteric artery aneurysm. She underwent emergent aneurysm and left colonic resection. This report of a rare digestive artery aneurysm ...

To evaluate the effectiveness of the coupling stent-graft technique and outcomes on contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT). All patients who underwent endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) for abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) between 2007 and 2010 at a single institution were retrospectively analyzed. Of the 161 cases, 19 patients who had coupling stent-grafting ...

Vasuri F, Resta L, Fittipaldi S, Malvi D & Pasquinelli G (2012) Histopathology RUNX-1 and CD44 as markers of resident stem cell derivation in undifferentiated intimal sarcoma of pulmonary artery Aims:  To report a rare case of undifferentiated intimal sarcoma (UIS) of the pulmonary artery in a 44-year-old woman, and ...

BACKGROUND: Idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH) remains a progressive fatal disease. Palliative Potts shunt has been proposed in children displaying suprasystemic IPAH. METHODS: A retrospective multicenter study was performed to evaluate Potts shunt in pediatric IPAH. RESULTS: Between 2003 and 2010, 8 children with suprasystemic IPAH and in World Health ...

The occurrence of angina necessitated investigation of a patient seven years after an operation to protect his dilated Marfan aorta. The customized support, manufactured by a process of computer-aided design, had been fitted in May 2004 when the aortic root measured 49 mm. The magnetic resonance imaging appearances of the ...

The goal of this study was to clarify the mechanisms of hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV) reversal following selective glycolysis blockade and to assess possible contribution of endothelial electrogenesis to this phenomenon as a trigger mechanism. We compared smooth muscle (SM) contractility and endothelial cell (EC) membrane potential (MP) during acute ...

Purpose: Hemodynamically significant arterial inflow stenosis in dysfunctional fistulae and grafts is poorly understood. No reliable clinical methods exist to detect arterial inflow stenosis. In this study, we assessed the accuracy of a novel screening method to detect arterial inflow stenosis in dysfunctional fistulae and grafts following successful juxta-anastomotic and ...

BACKGROUND: Data are limited regarding the patency of coronary artery bypass grafts performed by residents versus attending surgeons. METHODS: We analyzed data from a multicenter, randomized Veterans Affairs Cooperative Study in which the left internal mammary artery was used preferentially to graft the left anterior descending coronary artery, and the ...

Abstract  Background and aim: A debate over alternative therapeutic strategies for multivessel coronary disease is currently ongoing. We aimed at analyzing the results of myocardial revascularization with arterial conduits. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 10,752 patients undergoing isolated coronary bypass surgery within our hospital's group. Average follow-up was 37.2 months. Through ...

The authors describe a case of a 57-year-old male patient with peripheral vascular disease which presented on MDCT angiography the absence of the celiac trunk (CT). The left gastric artery (LGA), common hepatic artery (CHA), and splenic artery (SA) (with an internal diameter at origin of 3.3, 6.0, and 6.2 mm, ...

Purpose: In patients with suspected giant cell arteritis (GCA), a search for the perivascular halo sign, a sophisticated color duplex ultrasound (CDU) finding, at experienced centers reliably identifies inflamed temporal arteries (TA). We tested whether TA compression in patients with GCA, a simple, largely operator-independent maneuver, elicits contrasting echogenicity between ...

Abstract Background: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is one of the most common surgical procedures. Here we report our experience with the use of monopolar electrocautery to control the cystic artery during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Subjects and Methods: Data regarding the site, number, size, and method of control of the cystic artery during laparoscopic ...

Segmental arterial mediolysis (SAM) is a rare, non-inflammatory, non-atherosclerotic vasculopathy typically affecting the abdominal arteries although it may also affect the great vessels and cerebral vasculature. Diseased vessels manifest with aneurysms and/or dissections, often presenting clinically with catastrophic thromboembolic injury and less frequently with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). The etiology of ...

Advanced carotid atherosclerosis with severe stenosis (>70%) is a major clinical risk factor for ischemic stroke. Our ability to test new protocols for the treatment of atherosclerotic stenosis in humans is limited for obvious ethical reasons; therefore, a suitable animal model is required. The aim of this study was to ...

The aim of this study was to describe the arterial arrangement of the cervical spinal cord in rabbit because it has been used widely to examine the pathophysiology of spinal cord injury. The study was carried out on 20 adult New Zealand White rabbits. We prepared corrosion casts of the ...

OBJECTIVES: In transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI), assessment of the aortic annulus is mandatory. We sought to investigate the correlation between trans-oesophageal echocardiography (TEE) and multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT) for annulus diameter assessment before TAVI. METHODS: A total of 122 patients (67 male, mean age 84 ± 6 years) underwent MDCT ...

We reviewed the effectiveness of a gelatin-coated polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) graft designed to reduce suture line bleeding and graft weeping. Twenty-nine adults with end-stage renal disease underwent implantation the graft (n = 30) in the arm. All had preoperative ultrasound vascular mapping to assess their options for an autogenous arteriovenous fistula and patients ...

It is the ultimate goal of tissue engineering: an autologous tissue engineered vascular graft (TEVG) that is immunologically compatible, nonthrombogenic, and can grow and remodel. Currently, native vessels are the preferred vascular conduit for procedures such as coronary artery bypass (CABG) or peripheral bypass surgery. However, in many cases these ...

The pathogenesis of sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) is unclear, though some researchers postulate the major mechanism of onset to be via circulatory disturbance or cochlear inflammation. SSNHL can represent the sole manifestation of anterior inferior cerebellar artery infarction, and patients with a SSNHL may have higher than normal risk ...

Vascular retinopathy is the consequence of vascular disease, and the retina is the only place where the arteries can be visualized directly. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the predictive value of retinal vascular findings for carotid artery atherosclerosis. From December 2009 to January 2011, the carotid intima-media ...

BACKGROUND: Aneurysms of the superficial temporal artery (STA) usually are pseudoaneurysms and occur after blunt or penetrating trauma to the head or after surgery in the temporal region. However, true aneurysms of the STA are very rare. This report describes the case of a true aneurysm of the STA that ...

Purpose:  To examine retinal function in relation to retinal perfusion pressure in patients with carotid artery stenosis. Methods:  Thirteen patients with carotid artery stenosis without clinical eye disease underwent assessment of ophthalmic artery systolic blood pressure (OSP) by ocular pneumoplethysmography, carotid artery obstructive disease by ultrasonography, intraocular pressure by applanation ...

Carotid puncture and insertion of a large-bore catheter into the carotid artery is a feared complication associated with internal jugular vein (IJV) cannulation. The use of ultrasound with real-time imaging of the neck vessels during needle insertion has the potential to decrease the incidence of serious complications associated with central ...

BACKGROUND: The posterior intercostal artery (PICA) is divided into four segments, vertebral, costal, intermuscular, and rectus, based on the neurovascular branching pattern. Dorsal branches arise from the vertebral segment. Several musculocutaneous perforators and a lateral branch originate from the costal segment. Musculocutaneous branches arise from the intermuscular and rectus segments. ...

Background: There is only one reported case of recurrent coital headache related to an unruptured saccular aneurysm of the carotid artery.Case reports: We report on two cases of isolated recurrent coital/exertional headaches ipsilateral to unruptured fusiform aneurysms of the vertebral artery diagnosed by CT angiography. While one case is being ...