A new MRI technique to map the oxygenation of venous blood is presented. The method uses velocity-selective excitation and arterial nulling pulses, combined with phase sensitive signal detection to isolate the venous blood signal. T(2) of this signal along with a T(2) -Y calibration curve yields estimates of venous oxygenation ...

A 21 years old male with a history of mitral valve repair for mitral regurgitation is discussed. He was presented with a history of fever and loose motions for one month and shortness of breath for 03 days. Chest radiograph and ECG was within normal limits. Total leukocyte count was ...

Microcomputed tomography is an important tool for preclinical vascular imaging, with micron-level resolution. This nondestructive means of imaging allows for rapid collection of 2D and 3D reconstructions to visualize pathologic specimens. Postmortem analysis of stented arteries has yielded significant insights into the 'natural' history of stented arteries. This article outlines ...

Popliteal artery entrapment syndrome is an uncommon cause of intermittent claudication in young athletic persons. A 32 years old soldier presented with 14 months history of intermittent claudication. On the basis of history, physical examination and angiographic findings a diagnosis of popliteal artery entrapment was made. Exploration revealed a fibrous ...

We report a case of timely diagnosis of placenta increta by sonography during the third stage of labor, which avoided any attempt at manual removal of a retained placenta and thus prevented additional postpartum bleeding. The use of intra-cervical injection of vasopressin and methotrexate and application of transcatheter arterial embolization ...

The diffuse variant of supravalvular aortic stenosis (SVAS) is one of the most rare congenital vascular pathological conditions of adulthood. Due to its rarity, surgical treatment of this clinical entity is still a matter of debate because of the variable degree of aortic narrowing, presence of multilevel obstruction, and age ...

Polyarteritis nodosa (PAN) is a systemic necrotizing vasculitis that affects medium- and small-sized arteries. We report the case of a 32-year-old female with PAN in which renal involvement was revealed by a secondary hyperaldosteronism. Hypokaliemia and arterial hypertension preceded rupture of renal artery aneurysm by several months. We believe that ...

Extensive pulmonary fibrosis is a rare occurrence in pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP). We herein report on two cases which have interesting implications; the first is a female patient diagnosed with autoimmune PAP, which evolved over seven years into diffuse fibrosis; the second is a male patient with diffuse fibrosis in ...

BACKGROUND: Scalp arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) are rare and potentially complex lesions that can be treated in a multimodal fashion. We present here the first successful treatment of a Stage Ib scalp AVF using a balloon-protected, retrograde transvenous embolization with the liquid embolic Onyx. METHOD: We describe the case of a ...

Acute vertebrobasilar thrombosis is often associated with high mortality and prolonged disability. Therapeutic route and the time window for systemic thrombolysis in acute settings remain uncertain. We describe a case of severe acute ischemic stroke due to vertebrobasilar thrombosis who achieved rapid arterial recanalization and remarkable clinical recovery during ultrasound ...

OBJECTIVE: To identify conditions associated with severe carbon monoxide transfer coefficient reduction (Kco < 40% of predicted values). PATIENTS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed pulmonary function tests, such as Kco measurement, in consecutive patients evaluated in the physiology unit of a University hospital over a 6-year period. Patients were included if they ...

We report on two patients with Proteus syndrome (PS), with emphasis on its pulmonary manifestations. The first patient was a 6-year-old girl diagnosed with PS at 5 years of age. The pulmonary abnormalities first observed at age 3 years and included streaky densities with accentuated vascular markings detected by chest ...

Ruptured aortic aneurysms present with various signs and symptoms depending on the site of rupture and bleeding, often causing sudden death; however, rupture into the lung with hemoptysis and blood aspiration is very rare. We report a case of unexpected sudden death due to blood aspiration from rupture of a ...

Pulmonary involvement is a common feature in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients. This may include pleuritis, pneumonitis, and pulmonary hemorrhage. However, the presence of diffuse consolidation on chest radiographs is less common, and is usually interpreted as pneumonia. Moreover, consolidations with massive calcifications are a relatively rare manifestation. The association ...

BACKGROUND: Carotid artery stenosis is associated with the occurrence of acute and chronic ischemic lesions that increase with age in the elderly population. Diffusion Imaging and ADC mapping may be an appropriate method to investigate patients with chronic hypoperfusion consecutive to carotid stenosis. This non-invasive technique allows to investigate brain ...

Abstract  Complex aneurysmal disease of the thoracic aorta is commonly treated with the elephant trunk technique using two-stage surgery. However, this procedure is associated with high morbidity and mortality. We present the surgical technique used to correct diffuse aneurysmal aortic disease that involves the aortic arch and the descending aorta. ...

Central venous catheter placement is indicated in many situations, and an increasing number of patients require temporary and long-term central catheters. Frequently, patients who have undergone multiple central veins catheterizations develop complete and diffuse venous occlusion, and this constitutes a difficult-to-manage clinical problem. We report a case of a 20-year-old ...

Revascularization of the diffusely diseased coronary artery is a big challenge for both cardiologists and cardiac surgeons. Long reconstruction of the diffusely diseased vessel may be a useful surgical option. The aim of this study is to assess clinical and angiographic outcomes of extensive reconstruction (≥4 cm) of the left ...

A 77-year-old man presented with an extremely rare association of anterior cranial fossa dural arteriovenous fistula (AVF) with anterior communicating artery (ACoA) aneurysm manifesting as consciousness deterioration due to intracerebral hemorrhage in the left frontal lobe and diffuse subarachnoid hemorrhage. Angiography confirmed the association of a dural AVF fed by ...

We describe the clinicopathological features of a case of total anomalous pulmonary vein drainage (TAPVD) associated with atresia of the common pulmonary vein (ACPV). A male Japanese infant born at 37 weeks of gestation demonstrated apnea and severe respiratory acidosis immediately after delivery. The patient died of hypoxemic respiratory failure ...

Diffuse atherosclerosis of the anterior descending artery may require unconventional surgical treatment to increase graft flow. A 74-year-old man with severe, diffuse 3-vessel-coronary artery disease was presented to our institution with progredient angina pectoris symptoms. Intraoperatively, the revascularization of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) was technically challenging because ...

Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an autoimmune disease which is characterized by arterial and venous thromboses, fetal loss, and the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies in the serum (aPL). It is characterized by accelerated atherosclerosis and that together with an increased tendency towards thrombosis leading to the occurrence of various vascular events. ...

Abstract Hypercoagulable state is not a uniform disease. It is a complex condition with an abnormal propensity for thrombosis that may or may not lead to thrombosis, depending on complex gene-gene and gene-environment interactions. The prevalence of the hypercoagulable state depends on the ethnicity and clinical history of the population ...

An intramural hematoma is an accumulation of blood between the internal and external elastic membranes within the medial space, whereas an extramural hematoma is a dilution and/or dissemination of blood throughout the adventitia. Intra- and extra-hematomas are observed by intravascular ultrasound during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The patient described herein ...

Introduction: The aims of this study were to analyse the characteristics of patients with internal jugular venous thrombosis. We compared the characteristics of patients with internal jugular venous thrombosis with those of patients exhibiting upper extremity deep venous thrombosis (UEDVT) without internal jugular vein involvement. Patients: From 1998 to 2007, ...

In a retrospective analysis of 205 patients (median age 62 years) with primary myelofibrosis and known JAK2V617F mutational status, 13.2% experienced a vaso-occlusive event at or prior to their diagnosis. After a median follow up of 31 months, post-diagnosis thrombosis occurred in 22 patients (10.7%), including 9 (4.4%) and 16 ...

Pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis (PAM) is a rare disease. Herein we report a case of pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis who was suspected to have the disease on chest X-ray and was confirmed on high resolution CT and transbronchial lung biopsy. These investigations showed characteristic features of pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis with diffuse interstitial ...

Nitrophorin 2 (NP2) is a 20 kDa lipocalin identified in the salivary gland of the blood sucking insect, Rhodnius prolixus. It functions as a potent inhibitor of the intrinsic pathway of coagulation upon binding to factor IX (FIX) or FIXa. Herein we have investigated the in vivo antithrombotic properties of ...

Vascular access thrombosis frequently complicates maintenance hemodialysis (HD) therapy. It is costly and time consuming to patients and practitioners. Alternatives to surgical thrombectomy have been developed using percutaneous thrombolysis (PT) with pharmacologic lysis, mechanical destruction of thrombus, or a combination of the two. These techniques have been used to successfully ...

Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis is a relatively rare but serious condition, more commonly affecting children and pregnant women. It can be precipitated by dehydration. Despite the frequent coexistence of hemorrhage in venous infarcts of patients, clinical trials in adults recommended the use of anticoagulation. No randomized, clinical trials exist in ...

AZD0837, currently in clinical development, is a once-daily oral anticoagulant that is bioconverted to AR-H067637, a selective, reversible direct thrombin inhibitor (DTI). When developing a new DTI, the antithrombotic effects are commonly investigated in in vivo animal models; this report shows the effect of AR-H067637 in venous and arterial thrombosis ...

Determination of the functional capability of the peripheral arteries is increasingly used as an early marker of vessel disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate flow-mediated (FMD) and glyceryl trinitrate-mediated (NMD) dilation of the brachial artery in patients with idiopathic venous thrombosis (VT). Flow-mediated brachial artery dilatation and ...

Genes could be used to treat atherosclerosis. The key problem is how to target a gene through the walls of arteries in free-flowing blood. TFPI-2 has been shown to suppress thrombosis and arterial re-stenosis, which indicates its potential function in gene therapy for atherosclerosis. The microbubble ultrasound contrast agent is ...

Basilar artery thrombosis represents a rare type of ischaemic stroke with a mortality rate of 80%-90% if not promptly treated. The aim of our study was to review our experience with computed tomography angiography (CTA) in the diagnosis of basilar artery thrombosis and its treatment with endovascular procedures. Our retrospective ...

BACKGROUND: Microvascular free tissue transfers play an important role in the reconstruction of body defects. Various aetiologies lead to vascular thrombosis and free-flap failure. In this study, the effects of botulinum toxin A on vessel diameters and prevention of anastomotic thrombosis were studied in a blinded vasospasm model in rabbits. ...

Patients with MM have a high risk of VTE. The relationship between MM and ATE is less clear. In this issue of Blood, Libourel and colleagues report a high incidence of ATE in MM patients undergoing chemotherapy.

The contribution of thrombosis to the natural history and clinical expression of advanced atherosclerotic coronary artery disease is well established. Less well understood is the biochemical and pathobiological distinction between normal hemostasis and thrombosis as the proximate cause of acute coronary syndrome. In this article, we summarize an evolving area ...

Venous infarction in the cerebellum has been reported only rarely, probably because of the abundant venous collateral drainage in this region. Bilateral occipital infarction is a rare cause of visual loss in cerebral venous thrombosis. We describe a 50-year-old woman with a history of ulcerative colitis who developed acute cerebellar ataxia ...

BACKGROUND: Arterial and venous thrombosis are well recognized systemic complications of inflammatory bowel disease predominantly in patients with crohn's colitis and in those with ulcerative colitis (UC). Aim : report a new case. CASE: We describe the case of a 35 years old man presenting previously an anterior infarct with ...

Thrombosis is a common complication of cancer, occurring in up to 15% of patients. This article reviews the diagnosis and management of the most common cancer-related thrombotic problems; deep venous thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, and catheter-related thrombosis. Rarer entities, such as cerebral vein thrombosis and Budd-Chiari syndrome, are also reviewed.

We describe a 17-year-old Caucasian adolescent with ulcerative colitis who presented with cerebral venous sinus thrombosis. Laboratory investigation revealed low protein S levels. With successful management the patient remained without neurologic sequalae. Although there may be an association between ulcerative colitis and cerebral venous sinus thrombosis, the exact pathophysiologic mechanism ...

BACKGROUND: Neonatal aortic thrombosis is a rare occurrence, but can be fatal. Treatment of this condition is hampered by the lack of large studies involving this pediatric population. Reporting of this condition is also not standardized. METHODS: The purpose of this review is to collate available literature on the incidence, ...

OBJECTIVE: To determine the positive predictive value of International Classification of Disease, 9th Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) discharge codes for acute deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective review of 3456 cases hospitalized between 2005 and 2007 that had a discharge code for venous thromboembolism, using 3 ...

Ascending aorta and aortic arch thrombosis is rare in a young man with no risk factor. Here, we report the case of a young male patient with factor V Leiden mutation who developed ascending aorta and aortic arch thrombosis and subsequent emboli.

Several reports have dealt with the occurrence of both arterial and venous thrombosis in patients with haemophilia A, haemophilia B, and von Willebrand disease. Similar thrombotic events have been occasionally reported also in rare congenital coagulation disorders, particularly in fibrinogen or FVII deficiencies. On the contrary no sure venous or ...

Venous thrombosis typically involves the lower extremity circulation. Rarely, it can occur in the cerebral or splanchnic veins and these are the most frightening manifestations because of their high mortality rate. A third site of rare venous thrombosis is the deep system of the upper extremities that, as for the ...

This prospective study evaluated the risk of arterial thrombosis in 195 consecutive patients aged 18 to 65 years with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (MM). All patients were treated with 3 cycles of VAD (vincristine, doxorubicin, and dexamethasone) or TAD (thalidomide-AD) or PAD (bortezomib-AD) in national trials, followed by high-dose melphalan ...

Patients with multiple myeloma (MM) have an increased risk of venous thrombosis. Interestingly, excess risk of venous thromboembolism has been observed among patients with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS). Using population-based data from Sweden, we assessed the risks of venous and arterial thrombosis in 18,627 MM and 5326 MGUS ...

A 22-year-old woman presented on the 10th post-partum day with deep vein thrombosis involving the right ilio-femoral and popliteal veins. This thrombosis was refractory to conventional anticoagulation and subsequently over a period of 6 weeks progressed to involve inferior vena cava and right ventricle. A diagnosis of Behçet's disease was ...

Cerebral sinus thrombosis, although uncommon, can be lethal if not recognized and treated quickly. Systemic heparin has become the treatment standard of care; however, some patients' conditions continue to deteriorate even while taking heparin. Endovascular techniques for thrombolysis have continued to evolve. The authors present a case of cerebral sinus ...